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This paper presents a novel probabilistic distribution load flow (PDLF) algorithm to study the effect of connecting a wind turbine (WT) to a distribution system. This probabilistic approach is used to capture the stochastic behavior of the generation of WTs. Three different models of WTs are developed to be embedded in the PDLF. Consequently, a probabilistic approach to evaluate the impact of wind penetration into distribution systems is developed. Futhermore, the effect of WT penetration on feeder losses, voltage profile and substation powers is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper presents a generic and comprehensive distribution optimal power flow (DOPF) model that can be used by local distribution companies (LDCs) to integrate their distribution system feeders into a Smart Grid. The proposed three-phase DOPF framework incorporates detailed modeling of distribution system components and considers various operating objectives. Phase specific and voltage dependent modeling of customer loads in the three-phase DOPF model allows LDC operators to determine realistic operating strategies that can improve the overall feeder efficiency. The proposed distribution system operation objective is based on the minimization of the energy drawn from the substation while seeking to minimize the number of switching operations of load tap changers and capacitors. A novel method for solving the three-phase DOPF model by transforming the mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem to a nonlinear programming problem is proposed which reduces the computational burden and facilitates its practical implementation and application. Two practical case studies, including a real distribution feeder test case, are presented to demonstrate the features of the proposed methodology. The results illustrate the benefits of the proposed DOPF in terms of reducing energy losses while limiting the number of switching operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]