1. Challenges and Lessons Learned From Fabrication, Testing, and Analysis of Eight MQXFA Low Beta Quadrupole Magnets for HL-LHC
- Author
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Ambrosio, Giorgio, Amm, Kathleen, Anerella, Michael, Apollinari, Giorgio, Izquierdo, Gonzalo Arnau, Baldini, Maria, Ballarino, Amalia, Barth, Christian, Yahia, Anis Ben, Blowers, James, De Sousa, P Borges, Bossert, R, Bulat, Bartosz Wojciech, Carcagno, Ruben H, Cheng, Daniel W, Chlachidze, G, Cooley, Lance, Crouvizier, Mickael, Devred, Arnaud, DiMarco, Joseph, Feher, Sandor, Ferracin, Paolo, Troitino, Jose Ferradas, Fajardo, Laura Garcia, Gourlay, S, Hocker, Henry M, Bermudez, Susana Izquierdo, Joshi, Piyush, Krave, Steven T, Lee, Elizabeth Marie, Levitan, Jeremy W, Lombardo, Vito, Lu, Jun, Marchevsky, Maxim, Marinozzi, Vittorio, Moros, Alice, Muratore, Joseph F, Naus, Michael, Nobrega, Alfred, Page, T, Pong, Ian, Perez, JC, Prestemon, Soren, Ray, Katherine L, Sabbi, GianLuca, Schmalzle, Jesse, Seyl, J, Sgobba, Stefano, Stoynev, S, Strauss, T, Todesco, Ezio, Turrioni, Daniele, Vallone, Giorgio, Van Weelderen, R, Wanderer, P, Wang, X, and Yu, Miao
- Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics ,Physical Sciences ,Accelerator magnets ,HL-LHC ,Nb3Sn ,super-conducting magnets ,ATAP-GENERAL ,ATAP-SMP ,ATAP-2023 ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Materials Engineering ,General Physics ,Electrical engineering ,Condensed matter physics - Abstract
By the end of October 2022, the US HL-LHC Accelerator Upgrade Project (AUP) had completed fabrication of ten MQXFA magnets and tested eight of them. The MQXFA magnets are the low-beta quadrupole magnets to be used in the Q1 and Q3 Inner Triplet elements of the High Luminosity LHC. This AUP effort is shared by BNL, Fermilab, and LBNL, with strand verification tests at NHMFL. An important step of the AUP QA plan is the testing of MQXFA magnets in a vertical cryostat at BNL. The acceptance criteria that could be tested at BNL were all met by the first four production magnets (MQXFA03-MQXFA06). Subsequently, two magnets (MQXFA07 and MQXFA08) did not meet some of the criteria and were disassembled. Lessons learned during the disassembly of MQXFA07 caused a revision to the assembly specifications that were used for MQXFA10 and subsequent magnets. In this article, we present a summary of: 1) the fabrication and test data for all the MQXFA magnets; 2) the analysis of MQXFA07/A08 test results with characterization of the limiting mechanism; 3) the outcome of the investigation, including the lessons learned during MQXFA07 disassembly; and 4) the finite element analysis correlating observations with test performance.
- Published
- 2023