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The La0.5Sr0.5Fe0.9Mo0.1O3 − δ-x wt.% SDC (LSFMo-xSDC, x = 0, 20, and 30) samples were evaluated as potential cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) based on both La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3 − δ (LSGM) and Sm0.2Ce0.8O2 − δ (SDC) electrolytes. The LSFMo cathode is chemically compatible with the LSGM and SDC electrolytes with temperature up to 1000 °C. Through the comparison of the polarization resistances (Rp) of the LSFMo cathode on LSGM and SDC electrolytes, only a small difference of ~ 13-15% in the Rp was obtained. To further improve the electrochemical performance of the LSFMo cathode, 20 and 30 wt.% SDC were introduced into the LSFMo cathode. The LSGM/SDC-supported single cell with LSFMo-20SDC composite cathode was found to show the optimal performance and excellent power cycle and long-time stability. In addition, the electrical conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) for the LSFMo-20SDC cathode were also detected and evaluated. Our results show that the LSFMo-20SDC is a very promising candidate for use in the cathode of SOFC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]