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As the largest developing country in the world, China has promised to peak the carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality before 2060 to mitigate the greenhouse effect. In the meantime, the electric power industry is playing a key role in achieving this ambitious target through “electricity substitution” and “clean substitution” strategies and constructing the “new type of power system”. Given this background, a specific and detailed model for the electric power supply structure transformation (EPSST) model is proposed in this rapid communication for the first time, which helps to analyse the transformation more reasonably. The proposed EPSST model aims to minimize the total costs for electric power supply structure transformation with the carbon neutrality constraints considered. Besides, the other constraints associated with the construction and retirement of different types of power plants, the balance between power supply and demand, and carbon sinks are also considered. Two scenarios aiming to achieve carbon neutrality before 2060 and 2055 are respectively studied and corresponding analyses for the transformation are also performed. The results show the feasibility of the proposed EPSST model and finally a macroscopic forecast for the future electric power industry is given.

The accurate evaluation of power supply quality in the distribution network is regarded as an important way to improve the power quality of the user side and guide the power quality management of the power grid. Thus, a comprehensive evaluation method of the power supply quality based on the Gaussian cloud (GC) and the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is proposed in this work. First, multiple evaluation indexes of the power supply quality are customized based on the measurement data of the distribution network and the power supply work order. On this basis, an index conversion method based on Gaussian cloud is adopted to convert the above indexes into Gaussian cloud distribution. Then, a comprehensive evaluation method of power supply quality based on TOPSIS is proposed for converting the similarity between Gaussian clouds into comprehensive evaluation results. Case study on power supply quality in Zhejiang province, China is employed to demonstrate the effectiveness and rationality of the proposed method. The result shows that the power supply quality can be evaluated by proposed method in an objective and reasonable manner.

The market-oriented transaction of distributed energy resources is regarded as an important way to solve the problem of local distributed energy consumption and improve the operation economy and security of the distribution network. However, the market for distributed power transactions in China is still in the early stage, and there is a lack of effective and reliable transaction mechanisms for standardizing users’ credit behaviors. Therefore, a blockchain-based distributed power transaction mechanism considering credit management is proposed. First, the framework of the distributed power transaction based on blockchain is constructed. On this basis, the process of distributed power transaction considering credit management is designed, which can manage users’ credit behaviors comprehensively from the aspects of market access, bidding mechanism, and trading settlement. Then, the smart contract of distributed power transactions is customized. The effectiveness of the proposed mechanism is illustrated by the simulation results on the platform of Remix IDE.

In future power systems with the characteristics of high-elastic, demand response (DR) is considered to be an essential way for improving system stability and awakening demand-side resources. However, all the DR programs in China are implemented in a centralized model, which is easier for supervision, but hard to deal with the challenges of data credibility, privacy protection, transaction efficiency, and so on. Therefore, a novel blockchain-based framework for the DR program is proposed to deal with the problems. On this basis, the bidding transaction process based on the repeated verification mechanism is designed, and the effectiveness of blockchain in DR is analyzed. Then, the smart contract functions involved in DR bidding transactions and subsidy settlement are customized. The feasibility of the DR bidding mechanism is illustrated by the simulation results on the platform of Remix IDE.

As an advanced information technology, blockchain technology applied in power material supply chain (PMSC) has attracted the broad attention over recent years in order to solve the existing problems and improve the management level. However, the unified evaluation standards and methods, which evaluate the blockchain technology feasibility in PMSC, are still lacking so far. In this paper, the existing problems of PMSC and the characteristics of blockchain technology are analyzed firstly. Moreover, an evaluation index system of blockchain technology feasibility towards PMSC is designed, and the questionnaire method is utilized to obtain the required data from the target group. Furthermore, the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is used for index weighing and the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution is improved by introducing the strategy of designing target case, which can realize the horizontal comparative evaluation between different evaluation cases and the vertical comparative evaluation between evaluation case and target case. Finally, the case study based on the questionnaire results from State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd. Material Branch verifies that the index system can provide the decision-making information for the construction and development sequence of PMSC blockchain system. The pilot project of blockchain technology should first be carried out in the business scenario of storage, inspection and distribution of materials because it relative closeness that is 0.8684 is larger than the relative closeness of other selected business scenarios in this case.