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Goat farming is a promising branch of animal husbandry, as statistics show a rapid increase in global demand for goat milk and meat products. To meet market demand, new methodological approaches are needed to improve animal productivity while maintaining the quality of the raw materials. In this context, this study aims to determine the impact of autonomic nervous system tone on lipid metabolism in goats. The study involved Saanen goats, with the experimental groups formed based on the results of variation-pulsometric study and electrocardiography, followed by the determination of autonomic nervous system tone using the Baevsky method. The serum lipid profile of goats was studied using a LabLine-010 spectrophotometer. The following indicators were biochemically analysed in serum samples: content of triacylglycerols, cholesterol, high-density, low-density, and very-low-density lipoproteins, and the atherogenic index was calculated. It was established that the content of triacylglycerols was 23% lower (P < 0.05) in sympathotonic animals and 41% lower (P < 0.001) in vagotonic animals compared to normotonic animals. The level of lowdensity lipoproteins in the blood serum of sympathotonic animals decreased by 40% (P < 0.05), and in vagotonic animals - by 76% (P < 0.01), relative to normotonic animals. The content of highdensity lipoproteins in sympathotonic animals increased by 36% (P < 0.001), relative to normotonic animals. The level of cholesterol in the blood serum of goats differed by 16% (P < 0.01) in sympathotonic animals and 15% (P < 0.01) in vagotonic animals compared to normotonic animals. A significant influence of autonomic nervous system tone on the processes of maintaining lipid homeostasis in goats was determined. Taking into account the individual features of the influence of the autonomic nervous system on lipid metabolism when distributing animals will contribute to the effective adjustment of diets. After all, each animal has a different tone of the autonomic nervous system, which significantly affects the features of substance transformation in its body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of the subject is the significance of exploring the role of the autonomic nervous system in regulating the cardiovascular system to improve the welfare of productive animals. Heart rate variability is a non-invasive research method that can be useful in exploring the health status of an animal and analysing its psychophysiological state in farm conditions. The purpose of the research -- to determine the effect of the tone of autonomic nervous regulation on the cow's body, which is reflected in changes in the sympathovagal balance. Experimental research was conducted on Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cows. To explore the variability of heart rate, an electrocardiograph was used, followed by the determination of the main indicators according to the Baevsky method, which included the determination of mode, mode amplitude, variation range, autonomic balance index, autonomic rhythm index and stress index. Based on the results of the study, three experimental groups of animals were established: normotonics, vagotonics, and sympathotonics. Considering the results obtained, cows, depending on the influence of the tone of the autonomic nervous system, have differences in the activity of the cardiovascular system. It will result in different responses to stress, which in turn will affect their productivity. Determination of heart rate variability can be one of the indispensable indicators in analysing the health of an animal on a dairy farm. This issue is a promising area of research, especially when exploring the metabolic processes of high-yield cows to improve productivity while maintaining the physiological state of the animal [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]