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[Display omitted] • PCL-EO@SF-BAs membrane is developed for food freshness monitoring and retaining. • BAs endow the membrane colorimetric response and antioxidant activity. • Antibacterial activity of the membrane is from the control released EO. • Directional water transport is generated from the bilayer asymmetric wettability. • Synergistic effect of directional water transport occurs on food shelf-life extending. Currently, designing smart membranes with multifunctional effectiveness is crucial to food freshness monitoring and retention. Herein, an active colorimetric Janus bilayer membrane with directional water transport (DWT) performance is constructed by electrospinning, which comprises a hydrophilic layer of silk fibroin-bayberry anthocyanins (SF-BAs) and a hydrophobic layer of polycaprolactone-eucalyptus oil (PCL-EO). The entities of BAs and EO are well dispersed in the fiber matrix by hydrogen bonds and physical interactions, respectively. BAs endow the membrane colorimetric response and antioxidant activity, and EO contributes to the antibacterial activity while DWT performance is generated from the asymmetric wettability of the two layers. The bilayer membrane has an accumulative one-way transport index of 1077%, an overall moisture management capacity of 0.76 and a water evaporation rate of 0.48 g h−1. Moreover, the release of BAs and EO was predominantly controlled by Fickian diffusion. As a pH-sensing indicator, PCL-EO@SF-BAs is highly sensitive to external pH stimuli and the response is reversible. In addition to freshness monitoring, PCL-EO@SF-BAs can extend the shelf-life of pork beyond 100% at 4 °C. Also, it can extend the shelf life of shrimp by approximately 70% at 25 °C with the synergistic effect of antibacterial activity and the DWT performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zein electrospun nanofibers are widely used as the vehicles to load bioactive entities for release control; however, the water absorption of zein always restricts their applications in food preservation. In this work, an active hydrophobic membrane of peppermint oil (PO) loaded zein (ZN) with coating of methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) was developed for pork preservation. The fiber matrix of ZN was use for PO incorporation. The secondary structure of ZN and the feature of the relevant fibers are dependent on solvents of acetic acid and ethyl alcohol. In the composite structure, PO is hydrogen-bonded with ZN matrix; while the coating of MTES is bonded with fiber matrix by Si–O–C. The well-controlled release of PO predominantly follows the law of Fickian diffusion, endowing the membrane good antibacterial activity and antioxidant activity. The coating of MTES has no obvious influence on the bioactivities but provides the membrane outstanding hydrophobicity with water contact angle of 138 ± 5°. ZN-PO30-MTES can extend shelf life of pork by 100% (i.e., 24 h) at 25 °C, demonstrating its potential in food active packaging. [Display omitted] • An active hydrophobic electrospun membrane was developed for pork preservation. • Secondary structure of ZN and feature of fibers are dependent on solvents. • Release of peppermint oil from matrix is well controlled. • Coating of MTES endows membrane with water contact angle of 138 ± 5°. • Target membrane can effectively the extend shelf life of pork by 100% at 25 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Searching for advanced anode materials with exceptional electrochemical performance is essential for next-generation rechargeable batteries. The selection and structural design of anode materials are pivotal in the development of high-performance batteries. Herein, we demonstrate the preparation of uniform NiCo 2 O 4 nanotubes via a simple and cost-effective electrospinning technique followed by calcination in the air. Impressively, the advantages and importance of NiCo 2 O 4 nanotubes as an anode in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is demonstrated, which surpass their respective monometallic oxides in terms of electrochemical performance. Encouragingly, the as-obtained NiCo 2 O 4 nanotubes as an anode for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) exhibit appealing electrochemical performance, such as high initial discharge capacity (879 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1), good rate capability, and excellent cycling stability. Moreover, a reversible capacity of 420 mAh g−1 at a current density of 100 mA g−1 can be maintained even after 100 cycles, corresponding to around 72% of the second cycle discharge capacity (584 mAh g−1). It is worth noting that this facile technique may provide a feasible way for the preparation of other functional materials with tube-like architectures for application in energy-storage device. Graphical abstract An advanced NiCo 2 O 4 nanotubes anode has been successfully prepared through a simple and cost-effective electrospinning technique followed by calcination in air. The as-obtained NiCo 2 O 4 nanotubes exhibits appealing electrochemical performance, such as high initial discharge capacity, good rate capability, and excellent cycling stability. Image 1 Highlights • NiCo 2 O 4 nanotubes are prepared through an electrospinning technique. • The NiCo 2 O 4 nanotubes surpass their respective monometallic oxides in terms of electrochemical performance in LIBs. • The NiCo 2 O 4 nanotubes as anode for SIBs present excellent electrochemical properties. • The electrospinning technique can be extended to prepare other functional materials in energy-storage devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) encapsulated in gelatin (GA) (GA-BHA) fiber mats were fabricated via electrospinning technique and applied to strawberry preservation. The volatile release kinetics and functional effectiveness of the mats were investigated. BHA was high efficiently encapsulated in GA fibers and the antioxidant activity of BHA could be well protected. The encapsulation of BHA enhanced the stability of GA and favored structure transition of GA from random coil and β-turns to α-helix and β-sheet. The GA-BHA mats showed good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus , and the predominant volatile release mechanism of BHA from mats was Fickian diffusion. Furthermore, the mats also showed broad-spectrum antifungal activity against four mould genera ( Rhizopus sp., Mucor sp., Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp.). The shelf-life of strawberry can be prolonged effectively in the presence of GA-BHA mats during storage. Results suggested that the GA-BHA mats may have a great potential in active food packaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Cross-linking improves the barrier and water resistance of casted film. • Casted film is pH-sensitive and reversible in color changes. • Electrospun membrane is antibacterial and release controllable. • Antioxidant activity is sourced from the released linalool. • Highly reliable milk freshness monitoring and double shelf-life extending at 25 °C. Colorimetric active double-layer composites of film@membrane were developed via direct electrospinning functional nanofibers on colorimetric film. In the structure, oxidized sodium alginate cross-linked carboxymethyl chitosan (CO) was used as colorimetric film matrix to incorporate the anthocyanins extract from Oxalis triangularis ssp. papilionacea (OTA); while the blend of gelatin/zein (GZ) was used as fibrous matrix for linalool (L) encapsulation. Besides good barrier and water resistance, the outer-layer of CO-OTA showed colorimetric sensitivity towards pH-stimuli with reversible color changes. The inner-layer of GZ-L exhibited good antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The volatile release of L from fibrous matrix was well controlled and mainly followed Fickian diffusion. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of the composites is source from the released linalool. The high reliability on milk freshness monitoring and double shelf-life extending at 25 °C suggest the potential of CO-OTA@GZ-L in colorimetric active food packaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An intelligent bionic trilayer fibrous membrane is developed via electrospinning for the moisture-adjusting of a storage space. The trilayer is composed of a hydrophobic inner layer of cellulose acetate (CA), a super hygroscopic intermediate layer of gelatin (GA) and a hydrophilic outer layer of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH). The hierarchical pore networks of EVOH/GA/CA (∼2.45/∼4.5/∼36.0 μm) and the asymmetry wettability endow the membrane with outstanding directional water transport capacity. Specifically, the membrane has an excellent accumulative one-way transport index (1293 %), a remarkable overall moisture management capacity (0.91) and a reasonably high water evaporation rate (0.59 g h−1). The target membrane can regulate the relative humidity (RH) from 75 % to 50 % without extra energy consumption, which is capable of extending the shelf-life of jerk beef by ∼100 % under surrounding temperature of 25 °C and humidity of 75 % RH. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hierarchical CaCo2O4 nanofibers (denoted as CCO-NFs) with a unique hierarchical structure have been prepared by a facile electrospinning method and subsequent calcination in air. The as-prepared CCO-NFs are composed of well-defined ultrathin nanoplates that arrange themselves in an oriented manner to form one-dimensional (1D) hierarchical structures. The controllable formation process and possible formation mechanism are also discussed. Moreover, as a demonstration of the functional properties of such hierarchical architecture, the 1D hierarchical CCO-NFs were investigated as materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) anode; they not only delivers a high reversible capacity of 650 mAh g−1 at a current of 100 mA g−1 and with 99.6 % capacity retention over 60 cycles, but they also show excellent rate capability with respect to counterpart nanoplates-in-nanofibers and nanoplates. The high specific surface areas as well as the unique feature of hierarchical structures are probably responsible for the enhanced electrochemical performance. Considering their facile preparation and good lithium storage properties, 1D hierarchical CCO-NFs will hold promise in practical LIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Composite films of platinum and polyaniline (Pt/PANI) with different Pt loadings are prepared by chemical reduction and then a spin-coating process on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates. The obtained Pt/PANI transparent counter electrodes are applied in quasi-solid dye-sensitized solar cells (QDSCs) from front and rear light illuminations, using electrospun poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)/TiO2 (PVDF-HFP/TiO2) as the electrolyte. The analytical results show that the 1.8-nm sized Pt nanoparticles are distributed uniformly in the Pt/PANI film when the Pt loading is 1.5μgcm−2. Electrocatalytic activity of the Pt/PANI electrode with 1.5μgcm−2 Pt loading for the I3 −/I− redox reaction is higher than the conventional sputtered Pt electrode. Furthermore, the mean optical transmittance of the Pt/PANI electrodes is above 60% in the wavelength of 400–800nm. The optimal QDSC composed of Pt/PANI with 1.5μgcm−2 Pt loading exhibits power conversion efficiencies of 6.34% and 3.85%, when measured using an AM1.5G solar simulator at 100mWcm−2 under front and rear light illuminations. The efficiencies are both higher than those of the QDSCs employing the conventional sputtered Pt counter electrode with 8.3μgcm−2 Pt loading. Moreover, the QDSC exhibits superior long-term stability. These promising results make the potential application of Pt/PANI films as cost-effective, transparent counter electrodes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Novel, porous NiCo2O4 nanotubes (NCO-NTs) are prepared by a single-spinneret electrospinning technique followed by calcination in air. The obtained NCO-NTs display a one-dimensional architecture with a porous structure and hollow interiors. The effect of precursor concentration on the morphologies of the products is investigated. Due to their unique structure, the prepared NCO-NT electrode exhibits a high specific capacitance (1647 F g−1 at 1 A g−1), excellent rate capability (77.3 % capacity retention at 25 A g−1), and outstanding cycling stability (6.4 % loss after 3000 cycles), which indicates it has great potential for high-performance electrochemical capacitors. The desirable enhanced capacitive performance of NCO-NTs can be attributed to the relatively large specific surface area of these porous and hollow one-dimensional nanostructures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resveratrol (R) has received growing attentions in therapeutic potential, however less focus is paid to its antibacterial or antioxidant nature for food preservation. In this work, R was efficiently encapsulated in electrospun gelatin/zein (GA/ZN) fibers for developing antibacterial mats to extend pork shelf life. The fiber morphology, thermal stability and hydrophobicity of the mats were associated with the ratios of GA/ZN. The secondary structure changes of protein were dependent on the intermolecular hydrogen bonds formed in the fiber matrix. The presence of R endowed the mats with antibacterial and antioxidant activity and the release of R followed Fickian diffusion mechanism in 10% ethanol and the coexistence of diffusion and erosion mechanisms in 3% acetic acid, respectively. The target fiber mats could extend the pork shelf life by 3 d at 4 °C, indicating the good application prospect in food preservation. Image 1 • Antibacterial electrospun fiber mats of GA/ZN encapsulated with R were developed. • Secondary structure changes of protein depended on the formed hydrogen bonds. • Thermal stability and surface hydrophobicity were associated GA/ZN ratios. • Release of R was dependent on GA/ZN ratios, simulants and R contents. • Good antibacterial activity and extending the shelf life of pork by 3 d at 4 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lithium metal anodes are widely regarded as the ideal candidate for the next generation of high‐energy‐density lithium batteries. Here, a 3D host made of lithiophilic Mo2C clusters‐embedded carbon nanofibers (Mo2C@CNF) is developed. The uniformly dispersed clusters and large specific surface areas of Mo2C@CNF provide numerous nucleation sites for lithium deposition. Mo2C clusters exhibit ultralow nucleation overpotential compared to MoO2, which is also supported by density functional theory calculations. Furthermore, the transition metal element serves as a catalyst for the formation of a stable and robust solid electrolyte interphase layer containing LiF on Mo2C@CNF, effectively mitigating the occurrence of dead lithium and enhancing the Coulombic efficiency during prolonged operation. As a result, the Mo2C@CNF composite delivers superior electrochemical performance (>1600 h) at 1 mA cm−2 and lower nucleation overpotential (13 mV) for lithium plating. The Li/Mo2C@CNF anode coupled with the commercial LiFePO4 cathode exhibits excellent cycling stability (300 cycles at 1 C) and high rate capability at low N/P ratios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Flexible air cathodes, with active and stable catalytic activities for both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), are key components and urgently required for realizing wearable metal-air batteries. Herein, a facile solution impregnation strategy to construct metal-organic frameworks on electrospun nanofibers following melamine-assisted carbonization synthetic approach is reported to prepare low-cost, scalable, and efficient bifunctional air electrodes. The flexible electrode comprises carbon nanofibers as the backbone that supports nitrogen-doped, cobalt embedded carbon nanotubes/porous carbon flakes arrays hierarchical structures (CoNCNTF/CNFs). The combined advantages of optimized chemical compositions and CNT/carbon flakes morphology endow CoNCNTF/CNFs with a promising reversible oxygen overpotential of 0.76 V. The flexible solid-state zinc-air battery using CoNCNTF/CNFs film as the additive-free air electrode exhibit favorable battery capacity and power density, durable stability and good bendability, surpassing that of the precious metal-based air electrodes. Graphical abstract Image 1 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hierarchical CaCo2O4 nanofibers  constructed by thin nanoplates have been successfully prepared by a simple and convenient electrospinning technique as described by S. Peng, M. Srinivasan et al. in their Full Paper on page 14823 ff. The morphology of 1D CaCo2O4 nanostructures can be easily controlled by rationally adjusting the calcination temperature. As potential anode materials for lithium ion batteries, hierarchical CaCo2O4 nanofibers exhibit an excellent cycling performance and rate capability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, Janus membranes have attracted growing attention in oil-water separation due to the unique asymmetric wettability on opposite two surfaces. Nevertheless, it is still challengeable to achieve the superhydrophilicity and superhydrophobicity of the two opposite sides. Inspired by the lotus leaf and orange structure, the Janus membrane of polyacrylonitrile/poly (vinylidene fluoride)@poly (vinylidene fluoride)-methyltriethoxysilane (PAN/PVDF@PVDF-MTES) is developed by electrospinning and electrospraying technique for oil-water separation. In Janus membrane structure, each layer is physically combined, and the Janus-PAN side is superhydrophilic with water contact angle (WCA) of ∼0°, while the Janus-PVDF-MTES side is superhydrophobic with WCA of ∼170.2 ± 2.4°. These characteristics endow the membrane with outstanding separation efficiencies and good reusability. The separation mechanism is elucidated on the basis of the asymmetric wettability. The kinetics behavior of the oils in Janus membrane follows the models of pseudo-first-order and intra-particle diffusion. The oil flux of the Janus membrane is associated with the types of oil and the diffusion is not the only influence factor in oil adsorption. The application trial results indicate the potential of PAN/PVDF@PVDF-MTES membrane in the separation of the oil/water mixtures and surfactant-stabilized emulsions. [Display omitted] • A stragety of bionic Janus membrane of lotus leaf and orange structure is proposed. • Janus-PAN side is superhydrophilic with water contact angle of ∼0°. • Janus-PVDF-MTES side is superhydrophobic with water contact angle of ∼170.2 ± 2.4°. • Kinetics behavior of oils follows pseudo-first-order and intra-particle diffusion. • Janus membrane is highly efficient with good reusability for oil-water separation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the environmental pollution and non‐renewable fossil fuels, it is imperative to develop eco‐friendly, renewable, and highly efficient electrocatalysts for sustainable energy. Herein, a simple electrospinning process used to synthesis Mo2C‐embedded multichannel hollow carbon nanofibers (Mo2C‐MCNFs) and followed by the pyrolysis process. As prepared lotus root‐like nanoarchitecture could offer rich porosity and facilitate the electrolyte infiltration, the Mo2C‐MCNFs delivered favourable catalytic activity for HER and OER. The resultant catalysts exhibit low overpotentials of 114 mV and 320 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 for HER and OER, respectively. Furthermore, using the Mo2C‐MCNFs catalysts as a bifunctional electrode toward overall water splitting, which only needs a small cell voltage of 1.68 V to afford a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in the home‐made alkaline electrolyzer. This interesting work presents a simple and effective strategy to further fabricating tunable nanostructures for energy‐related applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Abstract Electrospinning is a straightforward yet versatile technique for the preparation of polymeric nanofibers with diameters in the range of nanometers to micrometers, and has been rapidly developed in the last two decades. Nanocarbon materials, usually referring to carbon nanotubes, graphene, and fullerenes with their derivatives including quantum dots, nanofibers, and nanoribbons, have received increasing attention due to their unique structural characteristics and outstanding physico-chemical properties. Incorporation of nanocarbons in electrospun polymeric fibers has been used to increase the functionality of fibers, for example, to improve the mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties, as well as confer biofunctionality as scaffolds in tissue engineering and sensors, when the advantageous properties given by the encapsulated materials are transferred to the fibers. In this review, we provide an overview of polymer-based composites reinforced with nanocarbons via the electrospinning technique. After a brief introduction of various types of nanocarbons, we summarize the latest progress of the design and fabrication of electrospun polymeric nanofibers with nanocarbon fillers. With regard to the preparation of composites, we focus on functionalization strategies of nanocarbons and the production of random & aligned polymeric nanocomposites. Then, the physical properties such as mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties are also reviewed for electrospun nanocomposite nanofibers reinforced with nanocarbons, especially carbon nanotubes. Benefiting from the exceptional properties including superior electric conductivity, high porosities, unique mat structure, etc. the polymeric composite nanofibers have demonstrated numerous advantages and promising properties in the fields of tissue engineering and sensors. In the application section, we will give state-of-the-art examples to demonstrate the advantages of electrospun polymer-based nanocomposites. Finally, the conclusion and challenge of the polymer-based nanocomposites are also presented. We believe the efforts made in this review would promote the understanding of the methods of preparation and unique physical and chemical properties of nanocarbon reinforced polymer-based nanocomposites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tissue regeneration, energy conversion & storage, and water treatment are some of the most critical challenges facing humanity in the 21st century. In order to address such challenges, one-dimensional (1D) materials are projected to play a key role in developing emerging solutions for the increasingly complex problems. Eletrospinning technology has been demonstrated to be a simple, versatile, and cost-effective method in fabricating a rich variety of materials with 1D nanostructures. These include polymers, composites, and inorganic materials with unique chemical and physical properties. In this tutorial review, we first give a brief introduction to electrospun materials with a special emphasis on the design, fabrication, and modification of 1D functional materials. Adopting the perspective of chemists and materials scientists, we then focus on the recent significant progress made in the domains of tissue regeneration (e.g., skin, nerve, heart and bone) and conversion & storage of clean energy (e.g., solar cells, fuel cells, batteries, and supercapacitors), where nanofibres have been used as active nanomaterials. Furthermore, this review's scope also includes the advances in the use of electrospun materials for the removal of heavy metal ions, organic pollutants, gas and bacteria in water treatment applications. Finally a conclusion and perspective is provided, in which we discuss the remaining challenges for 1D electrospun nanomaterials in tissue regeneration, energy conversion & storage, and water treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A colorimetric cellulose acetate (CA) membrane incorporated with Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. anthocyanins (PFA) and chamomile essential oil (CO) is developed via electrospinning technique for food freshness monitoring and shelf-life extending. The moieties of PFA and CO are well-dispersed in fiber matrix by hydrogen bonds and their incorporation increases the fiber size but with no obvious influence on the fiber morphology at incorporation levels. The presence of CO enhances membrane hydrophobicity. The target membrane of CA-PFA6-CO15 (PFA6%, CO15%) has a wide color change range of pH 2–12 which is high sensitive and reversible towards external pH-stimuli. The membrane has good antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus besides antioxidant activity. The release of bioactive moieties is predominantly controlled by Fickian diffusion. The target membrane can simultaneously monitor pork freshness in real-time and double the shelf-life at 25 °C, indicating its potential application in active and intelligent food packaging. [Display omitted] • A facile strategy is proposed to fabricate a multifunctional colorimetric membrane. • Color change of CA-PFA6-CO15 is high sensitive and reversible. • Release of bioactive moieties is predominantly controlled by Fickian diffusion. • Monitoring pork freshness effectively and doubling its shelf-life at 25 °C. • Freshness monitoring and shelf-life extending are achieved simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The as-prepared binder-free Co 1−x S/MCF anode exhibits the desirable electrochemical performance for LIBs and SIBs, which can be attributed to the unique hierarchical nanostructure which provides enough active sites and internal space for volume expansion. [Display omitted] • The flexible Co 1−x S/MCF electrode is prepared via the electrospinning technique. • The Co 1−x S/MCF presents hierarchically hollow and multichannel structures. • The Co 1−x S/MCF electrode can effectively ease the huge volume expansion. • The Co 1−x S/MCF electrode shows high electrochemical performance for LIBs and SIBs. The exploration of prospective electrode materials represents great challenges for remarkable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, we report a reliable synthetic approach for the in-situ growth of the Co-based zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-67) on electrospun nanofibers, followed by carbonization and sulfurization with the formation of free-standing Co 1−x S hollow polyhedrons anchored on multichannel carbon nanofibers (Co 1−x S/MCF) for LIBs and SIBs. The Co 1−x S/MCF electrode displays a high reversible capacity (813 mAh g−1 over 180 cycles at 0.1 A g−1), and stable cycle performance (559 mAh g−1 for 300 cycles at 1 A g−1) in LIBs. For SIBs, Co 1−x S/MCF electrode exhibits a favorable Na-storage capacity (433 mAh g−1 over 120 cycles at 0.1 A g−1). The as-prepared binder-free Co 1−x S/MCF anode demonstrates the advanced electrochemical properties for LIBs and SIBs. It is attributed to the particular multichannel nanostructure and the Co 1−x S hollow polyhedrons (Co 1−x S HPs), which provide enough active sites, and the internal void space effectively reduces the structural strain and eases the volume expansion to maintain structural integrity. This work gives insights to design a unique structure for promising LIBs and SIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The as-prepared binder-free Co 1−x S/MCF anode exhibits the desirable electrochemical performance for LIBs and SIBs, which can be attributed to the unique hierarchical nanostructure which provides enough active sites and internal space for volume expansion. [Display omitted] • The flexible Co 1−x S/MCF electrode is prepared via the electrospinning technique. • The Co 1−x S/MCF presents hierarchically hollow and multichannel structures. • The Co 1−x S/MCF electrode can effectively ease the huge volume expansion. • The Co 1−x S/MCF electrode shows high electrochemical performance for LIBs and SIBs. The exploration of prospective electrode materials represents great challenges for remarkable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, we report a reliable synthetic approach for the in-situ growth of the Co-based zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-67) on electrospun nanofibers, followed by carbonization and sulfurization with the formation of free-standing Co 1−x S hollow polyhedrons anchored on multichannel carbon nanofibers (Co 1−x S/MCF) for LIBs and SIBs. The Co 1−x S/MCF electrode displays a high reversible capacity (813 mAh g−1 over 180 cycles at 0.1 A g−1), and stable cycle performance (559 mAh g−1 for 300 cycles at 1 A g−1) in LIBs. For SIBs, Co 1−x S/MCF electrode exhibits a favorable Na-storage capacity (433 mAh g−1 over 120 cycles at 0.1 A g−1). The as-prepared binder-free Co 1−x S/MCF anode demonstrates the advanced electrochemical properties for LIBs and SIBs. It is attributed to the particular multichannel nanostructure and the Co 1−x S hollow polyhedrons (Co 1−x S HPs), which provide enough active sites, and the internal void space effectively reduces the structural strain and eases the volume expansion to maintain structural integrity. This work gives insights to design a unique structure for promising LIBs and SIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, colorimetric films with antibacterial or antioxidant activity have received growing attentions. In this work, novel intelligent double-layer fiber mats were developed via electrospinning technique for pork freshness monitoring and preservation. The mats are composed of a layer of pullulan-purple sweet potato extract (PL-PSPE) and a layer of zein-glycerol-carvacrol (ZN-GL-CA). The colorimetric response and antibacterial activity were respectively dependent on the mats of PL-PSPE and ZN-GL-CA, while the antioxidant activity was ascribed to both of them. The distinguishable color changes of PSPE at pH 2–12 endowed the mats with a wide pH–sensing range. Each component of PL-PSPE and ZN-GL-CA were hydrogen bonded. An appropriate presence of GL (no more than 20%) could improve the thermal stability of the fibers. The releases of PSPE and CA from fiber matrix were controlled and followed Fickian diffusion mechanism. In addition to the reversible and high sensitive color change, the mats showed good antibacterial and antioxidant activities, which could extend the shelf life of pork by 24 h at 25 °C. This study demonstrated the great potential of PL-PSPE@ZN-GL-CA in food freshness monitoring and preservation. Image 1 • Intelligent PL-PSPE@ZN-GL-CA double-layer fiber mats were developed. • Functional entities of PSPE and CA were hydrogen bonded with fiber matrix. • Releases of PSPE and CA were controlled and followed Fickian diffusion. • Colorimetric response was reversible and high sensitive. • Effective monitoring pork freshness and extending the shelf life by 24 h at 25 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]