6,196 results
Search Results
2. Appita Edge: Emissions Trading in the Plantation, Pulp and Paper Sectors: The New Zealand and Australian Views
- Author
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Eastment, Robert
- Published
- 2008
3. Emissions Trading and Profitability: The Swedish Pulp and Paper Industry
- Author
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Brännlund, Runar, Chung, Yangho, Färe, Rolf, and Grosskopf, Shawna
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Cabinet papers 2003: Howard government sends Australia into the Iraq war.
- Author
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Lee, David
- Subjects
WAR ,SOVEREIGN wealth funds ,HEALTH policy ,NATIONAL archives ,EMISSIONS trading - Abstract
The Howard government's decision to support the invasion of Iraq in 2003 was the most significant decision made that year. Cabinet papers released by the National Archives of Australia confirm that there was no submission to full cabinet weighing the pros and cons of the Australian intervention. Prime Minister John Howard relied on a memorandum of advice to justify Australia's participation in the war, despite criticism from legal experts. The release of the cabinet papers also includes other submissions and decisions, such as the negotiation of a free trade agreement with the United States and health policy changes. Missed opportunities in 2003 include the establishment of a sovereign wealth fund, an emissions trading scheme, and progress on constitutional recognition of Indigenous people. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
5. Environmental Regulation in the Pulp and Paper Industry : Impacts and Challenges
- Author
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Patrik Söderholm, Kristina Söderholm, and Ann-Kristin Bergquist
- Subjects
Environmental regulation ,Pulp and paper industry ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Climate change ,02 engineering and technology ,Certification ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Comparative research ,021108 energy ,Innovation ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Nature and Landscape Conservation ,Sustainable development ,Economic History ,Ecology ,Environmental compliance ,Technological change ,Forestry ,Pollution ,Competitiveness ,Ekonomisk historia ,Emissions trading ,Business - Abstract
Purpose of Review In this article, we review existing research addressing how environmental regulations have influenced the pulp and paper industry. These regulations appear in different forms and designs and address air and water pollution as well as climate change. The paper devotes particular attention to how various regulations have affected sustainable technological change and the prospects for inducing deep emission reductions without jeopardizing industrial competitiveness and future investments. Recent Findings Experiences from key pulp and paper regions, not least the Nordic countries, suggest that gradually tightening performance standards have contributed to radical reductions in emissions, e.g., chlorine compounds and biological oxygen demanding agents, and without imposing excessive compliance costs. This outcome can largely be attributed to how the regulations have been designed—and implemented—in practice, as well as to the presence of efficient and legitimate institutions. Long-term emission reduction targets, in combination with extended compliance periods and trustful firm-regulator relationships, contributed to radical technological innovation and permitted radical emission reductions without excessive compliance costs. The development of alternative bleaching technologies is an apt example. In contrast, the impact of carbon pricing schemes, including the EU emissions trading scheme, on carbon dioxide emissions reductions and related technological change in the pulp and paper industry has however been modest. Self-regulation, certification, and community pressure have exerted relatively modest influences on the environmental performance of the industry. Summary Important avenues for future research are identified. These include the following: (a) comparative research on how policy mixes in various countries have influenced environmental compliance and innovation; processes; (b) future studies of environmental regulations, their design and implementation, in emerging pulp and paper producing countries, not least China; and (c) research on how environmental regulations can affect ongoing restructurings in the industry towards a broader palette of products in biorefineries.
- Published
- 2019
6. Analysing the potential for implementation of CCS within the European pulp and paper industry
- Author
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Jönsson, Johanna and Berntsson, Thore
- Subjects
- *
PAPER industry , *EMISSIONS (Air pollution) , *ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics) , *POTENTIAL energy , *PULP mills , *BIOMASS , *CARBON sequestration , *CARBON dioxide , *CARBON dioxide mitigation , *EMISSIONS trading , *SULFATE waste liquor , *BIOMASS gasification - Abstract
In this paper an approach for analysing the potential for implementation of different technology pathways for the European pulp and paper industry (PPI) is presented. The approach is based on detailed technical research and aggregates the knowledge from previous studies to incorporate the whole European PPI. Thus, the potential for different technology pathways can be estimated on a European level whilst still considering important characteristics of individual mills. The usefulness of the approach was exemplified by applying it to a case study of the potential for introduction of carbon capture and storage (CCS) within the European PPI. The results from the case study show that for the European PPI, CCS has an up-hill road in order to be a viable, large scale alternative for reduction of CO2 emissions. If CCS is to be introduced in large scale within the European PPI, large biomass-based point sources of CO2 emissions need to be included when planning for CCS infrastructure and also the infrastructure needs to be built out for clusters emitting <20 MtCO2/yr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Searching for the environmental management plans of Korea paper industry coping with the new climate regime
- Author
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Dong Seop Kim and Yong Joo Sung
- Subjects
Engineering ,business.industry ,Project based ,Greenhouse gas ,Media Technology ,General Materials Science ,General Chemistry ,Emissions trading ,Certification ,business ,Pulp and paper industry - Abstract
The new climate regime for practical reduction in green house gas(GHG) emissions was launched in Paris at Dec. 2015. The Korea government would make various policies and plans in order to achieve the BAU 37 % emission reduction goals by 2030. In this study, the current situation and the possible corresponding methodology to the GHG emission reduction of Korea paper industry were investigated. Although the GHG emission re-duction in KOREA paper industry has been successfully conducted compared with other industries until now, the more efforts for controlling GHG emission would be required to meet the new climate regime. The efficiency of various GHG reduction projects conducted by Korea paper companies was evaluated to find efficient way for GHG reduction. The certified methodologies of the external project based offset systems in Korea GHG emis-sion trading scheme were also reviewed for providing the possible way to develope tailored methodology to the Korea paper industry. Keywords: Paris climate regime, green house gas, paper industry, GHG emission trading scheme
- Published
- 2016
8. Risk Management: Legal Implications of the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme White Paper
- Author
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Petersen, Andrew
- Published
- 2009
9. Commentary on 1973 paper by Thomson and Strauss
- Author
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Hibberd, Mark
- Published
- 2017
10. Carbon sinks and the Kyoto Protocol in Australia: a brief history and consideration of the opportunities for integration in environmental management and regulation [Paper presented at the QELA Conference (2001)]
- Author
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Jones, David
- Published
- 2001
11. Maine paper mills to get bulk of $3M in aid from carbon auction cash
- Subjects
Texas Instruments Inc. ,Semiconductor industry ,Paper mills ,Paper products industry ,Emissions trading ,Instrument industry (Equipment) ,Auctions ,Paper industry ,Semiconductor industry ,Business ,General interest ,Business, regional - Abstract
Byline: Darren Fishell Oct. 25--PORTLAND, Maine -- Maine paper makers will get more than half of a new $3 million fund to give special energy cost rebates to large Maine [...]
- Published
- 2016
12. Research Paper: Alternative building emission-reduction measure: outcomes from the Tokyo Cap-and-Trade Program
- Author
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Ying Hua, Yuko Nishida, and Naomi Okamoto
- Subjects
Reduction (complexity) ,Measure outcomes ,Economics ,International economics ,Emissions trading - Published
- 2019
13. A Multiple Timescales Conditional Causal Analysis on the Carbon-Energy Relationship: Evidence from European and Emerging Markets.
- Author
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Yang, Lu, Hamori, Shigeyuki, and Cai, Xiaojing
- Subjects
EMERGING markets ,PETROLEUM ,CARBON pricing ,FOSSIL fuels ,EMISSIONS trading ,CARBON paper ,ELECTRICITY pricing ,PETROLEUM sales & prices - Abstract
This study aims to investigate the nexus between European and emerging markets in terms of multiple-timescale conditional analysis of the carbon-energy relationship. The findings identified the price movements of fossil fuels, Granger-caused movements in the carbon price, and movements in the carbon price Granger-caused movements in the electricity price. Furthermore, it was determined that in the long term, the crude oil and gas markets may increase and the coal market may decrease their causal influence on the carbon market. Finally, the role of the carbon market in the conditional Granger-causal network was observed to weaken during Phase III of the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme. These findings imply asymmetric information spillover between the European and emerging markets, particularly in the long term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Environmental production and productivity growth: evidence from european paper and pulp manufacturing
- Author
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Yan Li, Hing Kai Chan, and Tiantian Zhang
- Subjects
Opportunity cost ,020209 energy ,Industrial production ,05 social sciences ,General Decision Sciences ,02 engineering and technology ,Management Science and Operations Research ,Production–possibility frontier ,Greenhouse gas ,0502 economics and business ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Business ,Emissions trading ,Empirical evidence ,Productivity ,050203 business & management ,Industrial organization ,Panel data - Abstract
© 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. The production and manufacturing sector is one of the primary factors that affects the environment, which has been a very important topic of recent studies. Many approaches are employed to reduce the impact of production on the environment. More recently, carbon-abatement technology and activities have been introduced into the production processes to reduce carbon emissions, such as the implementation of emission trading programs in many industrial sectors, including the paper and pulp sector. Nevertheless, the costs of abatement activities will result in a certain level of sacrifice in productivity growth, when the inputs are reallocated from good output production to abatement activities to maintain bad output under the regulatory limit. However, how and the extent to which such technology will affect productivity remain unclear. Therefore, it is worth investigating the opportunity cost of introducing such technology. In this paper, we offer new empirical evidence by studying panel data on 17 EU member states from 1995 to 2006. Productivity changes are calculated using a data envelopment directional distance function with and without adapting the carbon-abatement technology in the paper and pulp production. The results support our concern about the potential opportunity cost of introducing carbon-abatement technology, which leads to a decline in productivity growth. In addition, industrial production is not operating efficiently; on average it moves further away from the efficient production frontier over time.
- Published
- 2018
15. Influence of a Carbon Tax on Low-Carbon Trade Competitiveness of the Paper-Making Industry
- Author
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Yongwu Dai, Yi Zheng, and Weiming Lin
- Subjects
Carbon leakage ,Index (economics) ,Carbon tax ,business.industry ,020209 energy ,Forestry ,02 engineering and technology ,Plant Science ,International trade ,International economics ,Empirical research ,Greenhouse gas ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Economics ,General Materials Science ,Emissions trading ,business ,Productivity ,Panel data - Abstract
Policies to constrain carbon emissions, such as the carbon tax, have made low-carbon trade competitiveness (LCTC) a significant tendency in research concerning industrial international competitiveness. However, few empirical studies have analyzed the influence of a carbon tax on LCTC. We combined the trade competitiveness index and industrial carbon productivity to construct an industrial LCTC index that can analyze carbon emissions performance and international competitiveness. We then used the LCTC index to build a dynamic panel model with its potential factors, which was estimated by system generalized method of moments method based on panel data of 38 countries between 1995 and 2009. We found evidence that a carbon tax exerts an indirect positive influence on the LCTC of the paper-making industry by stimulating technological innovation. The policy implications suggest that, considering the increasingly intensified countermeasures against carbon leakage, governments should strengthen the promo...
- Published
- 2017
16. The European Union Emission Trading System and technological change: The case of the Italian pulp and paper industry
- Author
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Fulvio Fontini and Giulia Pavan
- Subjects
Engineering ,business.industry ,Technological change ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Pulp and paper industry ,Emission intensity ,Product (business) ,General Energy ,Production (economics) ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,Emissions trading ,European union ,business ,Scale effect ,Intensity (heat transfer) ,media_common - Abstract
We evaluate the contribution of technological change in reducing CO 2 emissions in the Italian pulp and paper industry during the first and second phases of application of the European Union Emission Trading System (EU-ETS). We decompose the variation in emission and emission intensity into three different types of effects: a composition effect, a technique effect and a scale effect. The composition effect measures the change in emissions and emissions intensity due to a shift in production towards products that cause less emissions. The technique effect measures the change per each type of product, thereby accounting for technology improvements in the production of each type of good produced. The scale effect singles out the reduction in total emission due to an overall reduction in output. We show that the first phase of the application of EU-ETS has led to a reduction in both emissions and emission intensity due to the composition effect. The technological change has had a limited negative impact on emissions in the first phase, while in the second phase there has been limited technology improvement in the industry. However, the figures of the scale effect show that the larger reduction in emission is due to the overall decrease in output.
- Published
- 2014
17. Risk transmission between old and new energy markets from a multi-scale perspective: the role of the EU emissions trading system.
- Author
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Jiang, Qichuan and Ma, Xuejiao
- Subjects
EMISSIONS trading ,FOSSIL fuels ,CLEAN energy ,MARKET volatility ,HEDGING (Finance) ,CARBON taxes ,CARBON emissions ,CARBON paper - Abstract
The trading market of carbon emission permits is not only an effective tool for tackling climate change, but it also reinforces the connection between carbon and energy markets by risk transmission. This paper investigates the volatility spillover effects and dynamic correlation between fossil energy, clean energy and the European Union carbon markets by applying the asymmetric BEKK- and DCC-GARCH models in a time-frequency framework and designs the portfolio strategies. Empirical results display that fossil energy market has a significantly positive impact on the clean energy market at most scales, but the feedback transmission is relatively weak. Two indirect volatility spillover effects exist between the three markets, which are 'fossil energy→carbon→clean energy' and 'clean energy→carbon→fossil energy', suggesting that the carbon market plays a vital role in bridging the clean and fossil energy markets. Significant time-varying asymmetric effects are identified between the three markets, and the carbon market is confirmed to offer the least expensive hedge to an investment in oil. Our findings can provide meaningful implications for policymakers to design market mechanism and investors to adjust hedging strategies and diversify their portfolios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Effects of the EU Emission Trading Scheme on the international competitiveness of pulp-and-paper industry
- Author
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Jianling Chen, Yi Zheng, Yongwu Dai, and Weiming Lin
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics ,Sociology and Political Science ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,021107 urban & regional planning ,Forestry ,02 engineering and technology ,International economics ,010501 environmental sciences ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,01 natural sciences ,Indirect effect ,Compensation effect ,Economics ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,Regulated Industry ,Endogeneity ,Emissions trading ,European union ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Generalized method of moments ,Panel data ,media_common - Abstract
Unlike the previous literature focusing only on the direct effect of the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) on the international competitiveness of a regulated industry, this study tackles both the direct and indirect effects. We designed an interactive item between the EU ETS dummy and the number of patent applications to represent the EU ETS's indirect effect. Then, based on the panel data of 42 countries' pulp-and-paper industry from 1998 to 2013, we conducted the test by using the system generalized method of moments to address the endogeneity problem. The results show that the EU ETS's direct effect is insignificant, while its indirect effect is significantly positive. That is, the EU ETS can bring positive effect by stimulating the pulp-and-paper making enterprises toward technological innovation. Our analysis further finds that this indirect effect changes from being insignificant in Phase I to be significantly positive in Phase II and Phase III as well as gradually become larger, suggesting that the ETS-induced innovation gradually became more prominent. The above findings provide convincing new evidence that the ETS's “innovative compensation effect” is greater than its cost-effect.
- Published
- 2019
19. The mutual influence of Environmental Management Systems and the EU ETS: Findings for the Italian pulp and paper industry
- Author
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Francesco Rizzi, Marco Frey, and Federica Gasbarro
- Subjects
Strategic planning ,Organizational change ,Pulp and paper industry ,Strategy and Management ,Strategy and Management1409 Tourism ,Leisure and Hospitality Management ,Exploratory research ,Allowance management ,Environmental Management Systems ,Emissions trading scheme ,Environmental planning ,Environmental economics ,Strategy and Management1409 Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management ,Time frame ,Environmental monitoring ,Environmental management system ,Emissions trading scheme, Environmental Management Systems, Allowance management, Organizational change, Environmental planning, Pulp and paper industry ,Business ,Organizational management ,Emissions trading ,Marketing ,Mutual influence - Abstract
Summary The European Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) is designed to be a flexible and efficient mechanism to encourage carbon-intensive industries to reduce CO2 emissions cost-effectively. Similarly, Environmental Management Systems (EMSs) are well-established tools designed to improve the efficiency of the environmental performance of companies. Up to now, knowledge of the mutual influences of strategic planning, ETS management and EMSs is still incomplete, and their implications are not fully understood. This study tries to identify whether the involvement of a firm in the ETS with the adoption of an EMS favors the generation of corporate strategic synergies in terms of organizational management and environmental planning. Due to a relatively short time frame and the need for exploratory research, a multiple case study emerged as the most suitable approach. Hence various Italian pulp and paper companies involved in the EU ETS were interviewed and analyzed. We found that organizations that integrate ETS management and EMS tend to establish satisfactory standards and procedures that are relevant for environmental monitoring and compliance. However not all ETS-related activities are integrated into EMSs. In addition, despite some mutual synergies, these are not sufficient for determining corporate environmental planning.
- Published
- 2013
20. The role of the regulatory framework for innovations activities: The EU ETS and the german paper industry
- Author
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Felix Reitze, Annette Roser, Philipp Haussmann, Joachim Schleich, Karoline S. Rogge, and Publica
- Subjects
EU emission trading system ,General Engineering ,organisational change ,climate policy ,Climate policy ,Pulp and paper industry ,General Business, Management and Accounting ,EU ETS ,language.human_language ,research and development ,German ,emission trading ,paper industry ,Organisational change ,Conceptual framework ,Germany ,ddc:330 ,language ,Economics ,Survey data collection ,Emissions trading ,Innovation ,adoption - Abstract
Based on a research framework which combines environmental economics and innovation studies, we explore the relevance of the regulatory framework for innovation activities in the German paper industry, with a focus on climate poli-cies. Innovation activities considered include research and development, adop-tion and organizational change. Empirically, we mainly rely on the survey data of paper producers and technology providers. Findings suggest that innovation activities are mainly governed by market factors and (as yet) are hardly affected by the European Emission Trading System and other climate policies. Also, the impact of these policies on innovation activities is lower for technology providers than for paper producers. However, the majority of companies expect the ef-fects of the regulatory climate policy framework on innovation to increase by 2020.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Economic Analysis of GHG Emission Reduction Methodology in Pulp, Paper and Wood Industry Approved by Korea Voluntary Emission Reduction Program
- Author
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Myung Ho Song and Young-Min Kim
- Subjects
Exergy ,Engineering ,Domestic energy consumption ,Waste management ,business.industry ,Greenhouse gas ,Internal rate of return ,Emissions trading ,Wood industry ,business ,Voluntary Emission Reduction ,Waste heat recovery unit - Abstract
The Energy and Green House Gas target management system was launched by the Korean Government in 2010. The Korea Emission Trading System will start in 2015. Therefore, simultaneous pursuit of energy saving and greenhouse emission reduction through energy use rationalization is an important obligation of Korean engineers, who import about 97% of domestic energy consumption. Economic analysis of the GHG emission reduction methodologies registered and approved by Korea Voluntary Emission Reduction (KVER) program was conducted. The results for waste heat recovery employed in an energy intensive pulp, paper and wood industry were reported. The emission reduction intensities were 9.7 kg /ton_pulp production. Net Present Value analysis showed that the GHG emission reduction was economically beneficial with an internal rate return of 60%. The results of exergy analysis indicated that the second law efficiencies of waste heat recovery system employed in KVER program were 77.3% and 53.6%. NPV decreased as the exergy decreased.
- Published
- 2015
22. The limited effect of EU emissions trading on corporate climate strategies: Comparison of a Swedish and a Norwegian pulp and paper company
- Author
-
Lars H. Gulbrandsen and Christian Stenqvist
- Subjects
Future studies ,business.industry ,Factors of production ,Norwegian ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Organisation climate ,language.human_language ,General Energy ,Economy ,language ,Economics ,Electricity ,Emissions trading ,business ,Industrial organization - Abstract
This article article examines to what extent and how the EU ETS has influenced the climate strategies of two Nordic pulp and paper companies: Swedish SCA and Norwegian Norske Skog. Rising electricity prices are perceived to be the greatest effect of the scheme. The EU ETS has served to reinforce commitments to improve energy efficiency and reduce CO2 emissions in both companies studied. Procedures like monitoring of CO2 emissions and accounting for CO2 prices have become more significant since the introduction of the EU ETS, but the scheme has not triggered a search for innovative, low-carbon solutions. Due to differences in market factors and production factors, SCA has been more active than Norske Skog in investing in and implementing CO2-lean actions. Future studies of climate-mitigation activities, strategies and innovations in the pulp and paper industry should involve more in-depth investigation of the interactions between such factors and the EU ETS. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (Less)
- Published
- 2013
23. Victorian EPA discussion paper on tradeable permit systems
- Author
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Mitchell, Peter
- Published
- 1995
24. China and the World under the Goals of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality: Green and Low-Carbon Transition, Green Finance, Carbon Market, and Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism.
- Author
-
ZHANG Zhongxiang
- Subjects
CARBON offsetting ,CARBON emissions ,CLIMATE change ,SUSTAINABLE development ,CARBON taxes ,EMISSIONS trading ,CARBON paper ,DEVELOPMENT banks - Abstract
China has always tried to maintain multilateralism and advocated working together to deal with global climate change through multilateral mechanisms. Although China’s announcement to peak its carbon emissions by 2030 comes as no surprise, its commitment to carbon neutrality does. As the period between its carbon peaking and carbon neutrality is far shorter than that in the developed countries, China’s economic and energy structures need to be adjusted toward the low-carbon and carbon-free end with unprecedented efforts. To that end, China should define the responsibilities of local authorities and industrial entities to promote the orderly accomplishment of carbon peaking in all regions and industries. To supply the huge investments needed to achieve the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, China has an urgent need to accelerate the development of green finance and a national carbon emissions trading market, guide the rational allocation of resources, and channel resources to eco-friendly projects for green and low-carbon development. At the same time, China and the international community should strengthen dialogue and coordination, promote international cooperation on the way to carbon neutrality, formulate widely acceptable policy guidelines as soon as possible, and avoid unilateral measures that may cause conflicts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Action Plans of Paper Industry Correspond to the Carbon Dioxide Emission Trading Market
- Author
-
Yong-Joo Sung, Gi-Jeung Um, Gwan-Soo Park, Dong-Seop Kim, Se-Bin Kim, and Joon-Woo Lee
- Subjects
Natural resource economics ,Carbon offset ,Climate change ,General Chemistry ,Energy consumption ,Pulp and paper industry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Action (philosophy) ,Action plan ,Carbon dioxide ,Media Technology ,Economics ,General Materials Science ,Emissions trading ,Carbon credit - Abstract
Carbon dioxide emission trading market would play very important role in the global effort to cope with climate change. In KOREA, the energy consumption and geen house gas emission of various industry would be controlled by the low carbon-green growth law which was established at 2009. The paper industry as one of major industries in terms of energy consumption has been greatly required to prepare action plan for addressing this regulation and reduction of carbon dioxide emission. In this study, the current states of carbon dioxide emission trading market were analyzed in terms of practical responses of the paper industry. And the various action plans including CDM projects for paper industry were suggested.
- Published
- 2012
26. HORİZON DANIŞMANLIK YÖNETİCİ ORTAĞI ESER ERGİNOĞLU: "ŞİRKETLERİN YENİ TEKNOLOJİLERE YATIRIM YAPMASI TEŞVİK EDİLMELİDİR".
- Subjects
PARIS Agreement (2016) ,EMISSIONS trading ,PAPER industry ,URBANIZATION - Abstract
Copyright of Türkiye Kağit Sanayii is the property of Editions Next Paper and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
27. The EU Emissions Trading System in Crisis-Ridden Greece: Climate under Neoliberalism.
- Author
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Vlachou, Andriana and Pantelias, Georgios
- Subjects
EMISSIONS trading ,CARBON offsetting ,NEOLIBERALISM ,TRANSITION economies ,PAPER arts - Abstract
Neoliberal capitalism has extended the use of markets to address climate and energy issues. Carbon trading characteristically exemplifies the neoliberalization of climate policy. This paper discusses the workings of the European Union's Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) in the European Union (EU) with a focus on its application in crisis-ridden Greece. Beyond environmental effectiveness and distributional effects, the paper explores the interactions of the EU ETS with crisis, austerity programs, energy poverty, and uneven development. Despite adjustments and changes, the EU ETS continues to indicate limited environmental effectiveness and unjust distributional effects. Moreover, by forging a centralized neoliberal transition to a low-carbon economy without consideration of the issues faced by unevenly developed and crisis-stricken EU members such as Greece, the EU ETS leads to additional disturbances and problems for the Greek economy as a whole, its pauperized working people, and its energy and climate options to reduce emissions on its own potential, needs, and priorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Draft Working Paper: Australia's Greatest Moral Challenge?
- Author
-
Justin Dabner
- Subjects
Window of opportunity ,Geography ,Development economics ,Per capita ,Climate change ,Emissions trading - Abstract
Australians are amongst the highest per capita emitters of carbon on Earth. The evidence is now clear that climate change will terribly impact all living things. As the window of opportunity to prevent this closes the country prevaricates on the need to act, rather deferring the cost to future generations.
- Published
- 2016
29. What do we know about the employment impacts of climate policies? A review of the ex post literature.
- Author
-
Godinho, Catrina
- Subjects
GOVERNMENT policy on climate change ,SUSTAINABLE development ,PARIS Agreement (2016) ,CLIMATE justice ,EMISSIONS trading ,PRODUCTION scheduling - Abstract
Concern around the employment impacts of climate mitigation policies can be a contentious and politized issue, with potentially limiting implications for climate action. It persists despite a significant ex ante literature that suggests that aggregate effects will most likely be limited and net positive. This review analyses 60 papers assessing the employment impacts of climate policies ex post, in 20 countries and 2 country groups. Eight broad mitigation policies are covered: (1) emissions trading, (2) carbon taxes, (3) feed‐in tariffs, renewable energy (4) procurement and (5) deployment, (6) green economy/jobs, (7) environmental regulation, and (8) other policies and regulations. The analysis confirms that employment impacts tend to be modest and net positive or neutral, but reveals that distributional outcomes can be uneven, disadvantaging certain groups and at times reinforcing existing inequalities. Additionally, lower quality jobs or weak labor market regulations may decrease the attractiveness of jobs created or increase job transition costs. These findings provide some justification for increased focus on how climate policies can ensure a "just transition of the workforce and the creation of decent work and quality jobs" stipulated in the Paris Agreement, but also suggest that climate action should not be delayed for fear of widespread negative employment impacts. Ex post assessments offer an important lens into the determinants of climate policy employment outcomes and should be advanced and harnessed in support of accelerated and just action. This article is categorized under:Economics of Mitigation > Climate EconomicsSocial Justice and the Politics of Development > Climate and Development [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Facilitating a Sustainable Aviation Fuel Transition in Italy.
- Author
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Erriu, Riccardo, Marcucci, Edoardo, and Gatta, Valerio
- Subjects
AIRCRAFT fuels ,TAX incentives ,RENEWABLE energy sources ,TAX credits ,EMISSIONS trading - Abstract
Civil aviation significantly contributes to "hard-to-abate" emissions, responsible for 2% of global CO
2 emissions. This paper examines the most effective policies to promote Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAFs) in Italy, using a multi-level policy analysis and a stakeholder-based case study approach. The policies reviewed comprise the international, European, and national level. The paper analyses at the international level, ICAO CORSIA and, at the European level, the Renewable Energy Directive (RED), ReFuel EU, and the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) for aviation. Italy has not yet implemented specific policies targeting SAF transition, which is challenging due to commercialization issues and policy inconsistencies. These include the price gap between SAF and conventional fuels, different definitions adopted, and environmental objectives pursued with respect to sustainable fuels by ICAO and the EU. Other challenges include double-counting risks and fuel tankering practices. This article contributes to Italy's SAF policymaking by developing a stakeholder-based quantitative survey, whose results suggest that three measures are key: tax subsidies for technology and infrastructure users, tax credits for upgrading production infrastructure, and tax breaks for SAF-using companies, fuel handlers, and distributors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Carbon Coalitions: Business, Climate Politics, and the Rise of Emissions Trading. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 240 pages. ISBN 9780262516334, $22.00 paper. by Jonas Meckling. 2011
- Author
-
Matthew J. Hoffmann
- Subjects
Business climate ,Politics ,Public Administration ,chemistry ,Political economy ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Economic history ,Economics ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Emissions trading ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Carbon - Published
- 2012
32. DEA studies on comprehensive efficiency of output allocation with an application to paper mills along the Huai River
- Author
-
Yanfang Yuan, Zhimin Huang, Feng Yang, and Liang Liang
- Subjects
Microeconomics ,Pollution ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Economics ,Production function ,Allocative efficiency ,Emissions trading ,Environmental economics ,Production efficiency ,Profit (economics) ,media_common - Abstract
The study on output allocative efficiency considering the emission trading is meaningful to allocate emission quota in order to promote production efficiency of industry. This chapter studies the output allocation problem with constraints to profit and pollution goals, and proposes three types of output allocative efficiency measures, including the comprehensive output allocative efficiency, the profit-oriented output allocative efficiency based on pollution constraint, and the pollution-oriented output allocative efficiency based on profit constraint, which aim to maximize the total profit and (or) minimize the total pollution. The proposed measures are used to evaluate the output allocative efficiencies of 32 paper mills along the Huai River in China, and different parameters are tested with sensitivity analysis to examine the changes of optimal output combination. This chapter helps the enterprise to optimize the decision of production and helps the government to formulate a reasonable plan of pollution control and treatment.
- Published
- 2010
33. An early assessment of the influence on eco-innovation of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme: Evidence from the Italian paper industry
- Author
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Anna Montini and Massimiliano Mazzanti
- Subjects
Eco-innovation ,Emissions trading ,Business ,Industrial organization - Published
- 2010
34. Designing the nationwide emission trading scheme in China.
- Author
-
Chen, Shuyang
- Subjects
EMISSIONS trading ,COMPUTABLE general equilibrium models ,EVIDENCE gaps ,CARBON pricing ,ELECTRIC power production - Abstract
Emission trading scheme (ETS) is popular to abate anthropogenic emissions throughout the world. Previous researchers focused on evaluating ETS policy effect, but ETS design is usually neglected because ETS is already mostly sophisticated worldwide. This is not the case in China, as the Chinese nationwide ETS (CNETS) came into effect in July 2021. Implemented for a brief period, the CNETS lacks implementation details and thus may not achieve mitigation targets cost-effectively. In this paper, we attempt to narrow the research gap by comprehensively designing the CNETS. Our research framework is based on a dynamic recursive computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. The CGE model results show that the appropriate CNETS should include the coverage of the electricity generation and manufacturing sectors, higher carbon price (175 C N Y / t C O 2 ), quota allocation based on the carbon intensity in the previous year, higher quota decline factor (2%) and time-decreasing free quota ratio. Although we have only designed the Chinese ETS in this paper, the research framework may become a paradigm of designing appropriate ETS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Study on the effect of carbon trading on the carbon emission intensity of enterprises--a mechanism test based on ESG performance.
- Author
-
Anzi Han, Tinglei Yu, Yihu Ke, Chang Liu, and Yunqiang Liu
- Subjects
CARBON offsetting ,CARBON emissions ,CARBON dioxide mitigation ,EMISSIONS trading ,GREENHOUSE gas mitigation ,ENVIRONMENTAL, social, & governance factors - Abstract
Facing the double constraints of the "double carbon" target and high-quality economic development, carbon trading policy is an important tool for realizing the emission reduction commitment; based on the perspective of microenterprises, the specific mechanism and spatial effect of carbon trading policy still need to be evaluated. Taking China's carbon emissions trading pilot as a quasi-natural experiment, this paper empirically investigates the impact of carbon trading policy on the carbon emission intensity of pilot enterprises and its mechanism of action, and its impact on the carbon emission intensity of neighboring enterprises, based on the multi-temporal double-difference model, moderating effect model, and spatial Durbin model with the A-sharelisted enterprises in the period of 2009-2019 as the samples. It is found that: 1) Carbon trading policy will reduce the carbon emission intensity of enterprises to different degrees, and there are significant differences under different ownership types, degrees of marketization and the level of digitization. 2) Under the influence of environmental uncertainty, ESG disclosure will weaken the effectiveness of carbon emission reduction in the pre-pilot stage of the policy; with the gradual improvement of the carbon trading policy and ESG disclosure mechanism, ESG ratings will positively regulate the inhibitory effect of the carbon trading policy on the carbon emission intensity of enterprises through multiple paths. 3) Carbon trading policy effectively reduces multiple negative spillovers through the demonstration effect and competition effect of neighboring enterprises, driving the carbon emission reduction behavior of non-pilot enterprise. The research in this paper enriches the research paradigm of carbon emission intensity influencing factors, provides reference suggestions for the government to improve its policies, and better contributes to the realization of the "dual-carbon" vision in China as soon as possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Changes in the labor share of enterprises under the green and low-carbon transition: Empirical evidence from China's carbon emission trading pilot.
- Author
-
Luo, Xin, Li, Jianti, and Feng, Dawei
- Subjects
CARBON emissions ,EMISSIONS trading ,CARBON offsetting ,INCOME distribution ,INCOME ,HIGH technology industries - Abstract
Green and low carbon reflect the high-quality development, while income distribution is an indicator of the balance of development. Is there a lack of fairness in the process of green and low carbon transition of enterprises? Using data from A-share listed companies from 2009 to 2016, this paper constructs a DID identification framework for controlling the endogeneity problem using the 2013 carbon trading policy pilot as a quasi-natural experiment to empirically test the impact of corporate low-carbon transformation on corporate labor income share in the context of carbon trading policy. The findings indicate that carbon trading policy decreases the labor income share of firms. In addition, we demonstrate that the low-carbon transition promotes labor productivity, suggesting that the Porter's hypothesis is confirmed in China, but the increase in labor wages is not in tandem with productivity growth, resulting in reduced labor income share. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of carbon trading policy on labor income share is mainly pronounced in larger firms, high technology firms and persistent incumbent firms. Collectively, these results are expected to accurately improve our understanding on the impact of low-carbon transformation of enterprises on income distribution and provide reference for the government to formulate industrial policies and distribution mechanisms under low-carbon economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. An Empirical Study on Emissions Trading Influence for the Enterprise Environmental Responsibility.
- Author
-
Zhao, Jing-Xuan
- Subjects
ENVIRONMENTAL responsibility ,EMISSIONS trading ,SOCIAL responsibility of business ,CARBON emissions ,SUSTAINABLE development - Abstract
The primary objective of this paper is to address the inherent biases in the calculation of carbon emissions trading (CET) and foster the development of green innovation. By employing panel data from carbon emission trading pilots, the spatial Durbin model (SDID) is applied to assess the impact of CET on corporate environmental responsibility. By integrating CET and corporate environmental responsibility within a unified framework, this paper presents a novel analysis of the influence of environmental regulations on corporate environmental responsibility at the micro-level. Additionally, this study examines the spatial spillover effect of CET, thereby rectifying estimation biases. The model validation results indicate statistical significance below the 1 % level. The findings of this research reveal that it analyses the specific channels through which CET influences corporate environmental responsibility, providing insights that address the limitations of previous studies in mechanism analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Risk spillovers of carbon emissions in international trade: the role of disembodied technology communications.
- Author
-
Liu, Shun Jia, Li, Jianping, Wu, Dengsheng, Zhu, Xiaoqian, and Xu, Xin Long
- Subjects
CARBON emissions ,AGRICULTURAL pollution ,TELECOMMUNICATION ,INTERNATIONAL trade ,EMISSIONS trading - Abstract
Carbon emission reduction is an important means of achieving climate policy goals. However, the literature has neglected consideration of the carbon emission reduction mechanism from the perspective of technology risk spillovers in international trade. To explore this mechanism, this paper expands the classical linear model of foreign trade technology risk spillovers into a nonlinear spatial Durbin model. We construct a novel technology risk spillover index to forecast the magnitude of carbon emissions in agricultural trade across different regions. To validate our model, we consider the dual connotation of the spatial diffusion of disembodied technology communication (DTC) to map the relationships between different geographic and economic regions that are adjacent. The results suggest that disembodied technology risk spillover could promote carbon emission reductions. Specifically, technology risk spillovers from agricultural trade reduce agricultural carbon emissions by 0.79–1.16% in the local region. Disembodied technology risk spillovers also reduce agricultural carbon emissions by 2.85–11.57% in geographically adjacent regions and 4.9% in economically adjacent regions. Based on these conclusions, this paper proposes improving the closed and backward situation of rural areas in China's central and western regions, promoting the transition toward the high end of the global agricultural industry chain and developing productive agricultural services and the rural cultural tourism industry to expand rural employment channels and stabilize farmers' income. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Have carbon emission trading pilot policy improved urban innovation capacity? Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China.
- Author
-
Guo, Bingnan, Feng, Yu, and Hu, Feng
- Subjects
CARBON emissions ,EMISSIONS trading ,INNOVATION management ,URBAN policy ,CITY promotion ,CARBON nanofibers ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations - Abstract
The carbon emission trading pilot policy is an important initiative to achieve synergistic economic-environmental development. Based on the data of 268 cities in China from 2006 to 2020, this paper analyzes the impact of carbon emission trading pilot policy on urban innovation capacity by using a time-varying difference-in-difference model. The study shows that, first, the implementation of the CETP improves the innovation capacity of cities, and the robustness test confirms the above findings. Second, the effect of the policy on enhancing urban innovation capacity is heterogeneous between the type of innovation and city type: the promotion of innovation capacity is stronger for utility model patents and non-capital cities. Third, there is a positive spillover effect of the implementation of the CETP on the promotion effect of the urban innovation capacity, which can lead to the improvement of the innovation capacity of neighboring cities. This paper has some reference value for building a unified carbon emission trading market and promoting low-carbon economic development within China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. India's Carbon Market Seen Covering 15% of Emissions by 2030.
- Author
-
Singh, Rajesh Kumar and Stringer, David
- Subjects
CLIMATE change mitigation ,CARBON ,CLEAN energy ,PAPER pulp ,EMISSIONS trading - Abstract
(Bloomberg) -- India's national emissions trading system should begin operating within two years and could cover about 15% of the country's emissions by 2030, according to an official involved in the preparations. Emissions trading will build on an existing system run by the bureau, where companies can trade energy savings beyond a prescribed mark, Bakre said. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
41. The spatial spillover effect of China's pollutants emission trading pilot scheme on green efficiency: evidence from 285 China's cities.
- Author
-
Wang, Kaifeng, Zhong, Chunping, Chen, Lifeng, and Zeng, Yunmin
- Subjects
CITIES & towns ,EMISSIONS trading ,INDUSTRIAL clusters ,POLLUTANTS ,EMISSIONS (Air pollution) ,CARBON offsetting ,GREEN technology - Abstract
This paper firstly uses the DEA-based Range Directional Model (RDM) and the Global Malmquist–Luenberger (GML) index to calculate the Green Efficiency Index (GEI) of China's cities under the constraints of pollution emissions, energy consumption, and natural resource occupancy. The GEI shows that the average green efficiency of the 285 sample cities achieved a total improvement of 10.1% from 2003 to 2019. The average cumulative improvement rate of green efficiency in the 110 cities in Pollutants Emission Trading Pilot Scheme (PETPS) from 2003 to 2019 was 14.9%, which was higher than the average of non-pilot cities (8.6%). Subsequently, this paper constructs a spatial difference-in-differences model (Spatial-DID) to empirically test the green efficiency promotion effect of PETPS from two aspects: local and spatial spillover. It is found that PETPS can promote the progress of local green efficiency in pilot cities, but there is a spatial spillover effect that is not conducive to the green efficiency progress in surrounding areas. The results of the mediation effect analysis show that the launch of PETPS will significantly reduce the clustering of industrial production activities in the pilot cities, thereby accelerating the green efficiency progress. However, PETPS can also promote clustering of industrial production activities in surrounding areas, thereby inhibiting the green efficiency progress in surrounding areas. These analysis results can fully explain the cause of the negative spatial spillover effect of PETPS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Clean energy, emission trading policy, and CO2 emissions: Evidence from China.
- Author
-
Yang, Fei and Wang, Chunchen
- Subjects
CLEAN energy ,EMISSIONS trading ,CARBON offsetting ,CARBON emissions - Abstract
This paper constructs a unique dataset of clean energy and adopts static panel models and dynamic panel specifications to explore the correlation between clean energy and CO
2 emissions. Furthermore, this paper employs the interaction term of pilot areas and pilot time as the proxy of emission trading policy to examine the effect of China's emission trading pilot on clean energy. Then, this paper conducts quasi-natural experiments on CO2 emissions. Our findings show a negative correlation between CO2 emissions and clean energy. We also find that China's emission trading pilot has a significant impact on promoting clean energy. In addition, empirical results affirm that emission trading market pilots can help decrease CO2 emissions. Finally, we put forwards relevant policy recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. European Paper Week 2015.
- Author
-
Mensink, Marco
- Subjects
- *
PAPER industry , *EMISSIONS trading , *EXHIBITIONS - Abstract
The author offers information on exhibition "European Paper Week 2015" to be held from November 17-19, 2015 in Brussels, Belgium and talks of organization Confederation of European Paper Industries (CEPI), brochure on the future of paper industry, and European Union's Emission Trading System (ETS).
- Published
- 2015
44. Greenhouse gas abatement and tradable emission permits in open economies; a comment on Kalle Maatta's paper
- Author
-
Per Kageson
- Subjects
Carbon tax ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Economy ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Greenhouse gas ,Economics ,Carbon offset ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Revenue ,Low-carbon economy ,Emissions trading ,Carbon credit ,Discount points - Abstract
The topic of this paper is the question of what would be an optimum solution for a country or a greater region that wants to become a forerunner in the abatement of greenhouse gases. Tradeable emission permits are identified as being most beneficial from an environmental efficiency point of view especially in a case where trading takes place between energy companies in countries with reliable trade statistics and stable political institutions. Other options are to include carbon dioxide among the regulated emissions or to introduce a carbon tax where revenues from certain well–targeted energy intensive industries are recycled in a neutral manner.
- Published
- 1999
45. Did the "double carbon" policy improve the green total factor productivity of iron and steel enterprises? a quasi-natural experiment based on carbon emission trading pilot.
- Author
-
Xu, Weilong, Jiang, Chenjiu, Jia, Kaiwei, Yu, Xiaoyi, Duan, Kun, and Ali, Najabat
- Subjects
INDUSTRIAL productivity ,CARBON offsetting ,CARBON emissions ,EMISSIONS trading ,ENVIRONMENTAL policy ,IRON - Abstract
Based on the data of listed companies in China's iron and steel industry from 2007 to 2020, the article investigates the impact mechanism and the path of action of China's carbon emissions trading pilot on the green total factor productivity of iron and steel enterprises by constructing a multi-period difference-in-difference model difference-in-differences. The study finds that: 1) China's iron and steel enterprises significantly improve their green total factor productivity driven by the carbon trading pilot, and the findings pass the corresponding robustness tests. 2) the mechanism analysis indicates that the carbon trading pilot promotes the green total factor productivity of iron and steel enterprises by forcing the technological progress of enterprises. 3) The heterogeneity analysis shows that the positive effect is more significant for large iron and steel enterprises with high social responsibility rating and high local government competition intensity, but not for small enterprises with low social responsibility rating and low local government competition intensity. 4) the dynamic effect shows that there is a certain lag in the promotion effect of the carbon emission trading pilot on the green total factor productivity of iron and steel enterprises, but its long-term effect is more obvious. This paper puts forward corresponding suggestions for accelerating the construction of a national unified green and low-carbon market system and actively promoting the deepening of the "dual-carbon" goal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Low-Carbon supply chain optimisation with carbon emission reduction level and warranty period: nash bargaining fairness concern.
- Author
-
Li, Shuai, Qu, Shaojian, Wahab, M.I.M., and Ji, Ying
- Subjects
GREENHOUSE gas mitigation ,CARBON emissions ,EMISSIONS trading ,SUPPLY chains ,FAIRNESS - Abstract
This study incorporates fairness concern in a low-carbon supply chain coordination mechanism where a single manufacturer sells its product to consumers through a single retailer. We develop four different scenarios of the Stackelberg master-slave game utility model—both members are neutral (NN), the manufacturer (FN) or retailer (NF) has fairness concern, and both are not neutral (FF), where the Nash bargaining fairness reference is leveraged to capture the impact of fairness preference on low-carbon supply chain optimisation decision-making profits, level of carbon emission reduction, warranty period, and revenue-sharing. Finally, numerical studies are conducted to quantify the impact of the Nash bargaining fairness concern. Research shows that: (1) fairness concern made it worse for the retailer but beneficial for the manufacturer and the system. (2) fairness concern causes a reduction in the level of carbon emission reduction and warranty period. However, the reduction of carbon emission reduction trading price and a certain range of revenue sharing effectively reduces the impact of fairness concern on members. (3) The revenue-sharing contract effectively reduces the negative impacts of fairness concern on supply chain members. The paper is a guide for enterprises development and cooperation but also provides empirical evidence for the government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Emissions trading in China: lessons from Taiyuan SO2 emissions trading program
- Author
-
Lu, Zhen
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Risk premia in CO2 allowances: spot and futures prices in the EEX market
- Author
-
Madaleno, Mara and Pinho, Carlos
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Health benefits from the reduction of PM2.5 concentrations under carbon tax and emission trading scheme: a case study in China.
- Author
-
Chen, Shuyang and Wang, Can
- Subjects
CARBON taxes ,EMISSIONS trading ,CARBON emissions ,GOVERNMENT policy on climate change ,COMPUTABLE general equilibrium models - Abstract
Climate policies could improve air quality, thereby generating health benefits and thus increasing labour input for economic growth. Nevertheless, health benefits are usually overlooked in evaluation frameworks of climate policies. In this paper, a dynamic recursive computable general equilibrium (CGE) model is adopted to define how climate policies are related to air pollution, namely PM 2.5 concentrations. Health benefits of climate policies are divided into reduction of PM 2.5 -related morbidity and mortality. The CGE model results show that both carbon tax and emission trading scheme (ETS) decrease morbidity and mortality; therefore, under climate policies, PM 2.5 -related labour loss decreases, and thus increasing labour input triggers an economic boom. Carbon tax generates more health benefits in short term, while health benefits of ETS policy will gradually increase in long term. Hence, we conclude that regarding health benefits, a long-term ETS policy is preferable to a long-term carbon tax. This finding implies that the recently established nationwide ETS market in China is meaningful, as it will generate more health benefits in future. Nevertheless, the quantified health benefits in this paper still cannot compensate GDP loss induced by climate policy implementations, implying that it is a challenging task to unbiasedly model health benefits of climate policies. Hence, we have recommended that the scopes and contents of health benefits should be expanded in evaluations of climate policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Exploring the impact of different carbon emission cost models on corporate profitability.
- Author
-
Tsai, Wen-Hsien, Lai, Shang-Yu, and Hsieh, Chu-Lun
- Subjects
CARBON emissions ,CARBON taxes ,BUSINESS enterprises ,ACTIVITY-based costing ,CLIMATE change mitigation ,EMISSIONS trading - Abstract
With increasing pressure to cut carbon emissions and develop sustainability plans, companies need carbon credits to offset emissions that cannot be eliminated from their operations, new global carbon exchange to launch in Singapore by 2021 end, the high-quality credit can bridge this gap and play an important role in the overall climate change mitigation strategy. The purpose of this research is to use the production data (including carbon emissions) of paper-making companies in Taiwan to establish a circular economy mathematical programming model and the concept based on the activity cost method (ABC) to explore the impact of different carbon emissions costs (such carbon tax, carbon cap-and-trade, etc.) on the company's production structure and profitability impact. The research results show that different carbon emission cost models have different effects on the company's optimal product-mix and profitability. The managerial implication is to combine the extensive application of the carbon emission credit mechanism, which can offset the carbon emissions in the production process and have a significant impact on the company's sustainable competitiveness. In addition, this study can also enable decision makers to understand the impact of different carbon emission cost models on the profitability of the company's product mix, which can be used as a reference for production planning decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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