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Objective: To examine the necessity and sufficiency of different types of hysterectomy for the surgical treatment of endometrial cancer. Methods: This was a multicenter collaborative study conducted by 11 institutions. Among patients with stage I–III endometrial cancer who underwent surgery as the initial treatment (only chemotherapy was provided if adjuvant therapy was needed) from 2001 to 2012, we retrospectively examined the type of hysterectomy, clinicopathological factors, recurrence rate over a maximum period of 5 years, and the site of recurrence. The local recurrence rate was examined by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Among 1335 patients, 982 (73.6%) underwent simple hysterectomy (SH) and 353 (26.4%) underwent modified radical hysterectomy (mRH) and were observed for a mean duration of 51.8 months. No significant difference was observed in the rate of local recurrence between the SH and mRH groups (p = 0.928). In multivariate analysis, clinicopathological factors independently associated with localized recurrence included postmenopausal status [hazard ratio (HR) 5.036, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.506–16.841, p = 0.009], with stages II (HR 3.337, 95% CI 1.701–6.547, p < 0.001) and III (HR 2.445, 95% CI 1.280–4.668, p = 0.007), vs stage I and histological type 2 (HR 1.610, 95% CI 0.938–2.762, p = 0.001). Conclusions: For endometrial cancer patients requiring surgery, the selection of a more extensive type of hysterectomy did not reduce the rate of local recurrence. Therefore, there is little significance in performing mRH in such cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]