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Two new caryophyllene-type sesquiterpenes pestalotiopsins U and V (1 and 2) and three known compounds pestalotiopsin B (7), pestaloporinate B (8), and pestalotiopsin C (9) were isolated by the cultivation of the endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis lespedezae on solid rice medium, while four additional new caryophyllene pestalotiopsins W-Z (3-6) were obtained when 3.5% NaI was added to the fungal culture medium. The structures of the new compounds were determined by HRESIMS and 1D/2D nuclear magnetic resonance data. Compounds 1-9 were tested for cytotoxicity against the mouse lymphoma cell line L5178Y, but only 6 displayed significant activity with an IC50 value of 2.4 µM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new α-pyrone derivative 1, along with four known congeners 2, 3, 4 and 5, were isolated from the solid-substrate fermentation medium of the endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis microspore isolated from the branch of Taxus chinensis. Their structures and relative configurations were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. The cytotoxic activities of the isolated α-pyrone derivatives against two tumor cell lines as well as compound 1's antimicrobial activity against three bacteria and three plant-pathogenic strains were evaluated. No antimicrobial activity was observed for compound 1. The cytotoxicity against Caski and HeLa tumor cell lines was insignificant. To our surprise, the known compound 4 showed significant gibberellin synergistic activity towards Distylium chinense seeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new xanthone derivative, 3,5,8-trihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-3,4,4-trihydro-2 H,6 H-pyrano[3,2- b]-xanthen-6one ( 1), together with three known compounds, 5,8-dihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2 H,6 H-pyrano[3,2- b]xanthen6-one ( 2), cyclo-( N- O-methyl-L-Trp-L-Ile-D-Pip-L-2-amino-8-oxo-decanoyl) ( 3), and cyclo-(Phe-Tyr) ( 4), was isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus No. ZSU-H16 obtained from the South China Sea coast. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, mainly 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques. Compound 1 exhibited cytotoxicity against KB and KBV 200 cells with IC50 values greater than 50 μg/mL, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new naphtho- γ-pyrone, 5-hydroxy-6,8-dimethoxy-2-benzyl-4H-naphtho[2,3-b]-pyran-4-one ( 1), together with three known compounds 5,7-dihydroxy-2-methylbenzopyran-4-one ( 2), 3,5-dihydroxy-2,7dimethylbenzopyran-4-one ( 3) and cyclo(Tyr-Tyr) ( 4) were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. ZSU-H26 obtained from the South China Sea. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, mainly 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques. Primary bioassays showed that 1 exhibited cytotoxicity against HEp-2 and HepG2 cells with IC50 values of 10 and 8 μg/mL, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new polyketide, 2-(7′-hydroxyoxooctyl)-3-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzeneacetic acid ethyl ester ( 1), together with three known compounds dothiorelone A ( 2), B ( 3), and C ( 4) were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. ZSU-H76 obtained from the South China Sea. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, mainly 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques. Primary bioassays showed that 1 exhibited cytotoxicity against HEp-2 and HepG2 cells with IC50 values of 25 and 30 μg/mL, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new griseofulvin derivative, 7-chloro-2',5,6-trimethoxy-6'-methylspiro(benzofuran-2(3H),1'-(2) cyclohexene)3,4'-dione (1), together with the known 2-acetyl-7-methoxybenzofuran (2), was isolated from the marine-derived mangrove endophytic fungus Sporothrix sp. (No. 4335). The structure of new compound 1 was elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]