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2. YIBIN PAPER INDUSTRY CO.,LTD. invites tenders for Yibin Paper Production System Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction Transformation Project - Food Packaging Base Paper Production Line Press System
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Paper industry -- Packaging -- Energy use ,Energy conservation ,Food -- Packaging ,Energy management systems -- Packaging ,News, opinion and commentary - Abstract
YIBIN PAPER INDUSTRY CO.,LTD., China has invited tenders for Yibin Paper Production System Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction Transformation Project - Food Packaging Base Paper Production Line Press System. Tender [...]
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- 2024
3. Clean Energy Substitution and Carbon Dioxide Emission Based on LEAP Model
- Author
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Chen, Anqing, Li, Jinhu, Xiao, Zhenghai, Wang, Bin, Chen, Yiyan, Förstner, Ulrich, Series Editor, Rulkens, Wim H., Series Editor, Wen, Fushuan, editor, and Zhu, Jizhong, editor
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Skills for a Low-Carbon Europe: The Role of VET in a Sustainable Energy Scenario. Synthesis Report. Research Paper No 34
- Author
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Cedefop - European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training and Ranieri, Antonio
- Abstract
This report provides an analysis of the labour market impacts of EU policy interventions designed to support the transition to a job-rich, low-carbon economy. The approach taken is innovative as it combines quantitative (econometric modelling) and qualitative (case study) methods to investigate the expected impact of sustainable energy policies on employment and skills demand, while providing insights for the development of effective policies for VET activities that allow skills demands to be met. This report claims that the climate and energy targets can be achieved at the same time as EU employment targets. However, to do so requires greater integration of climate and energy polices with measures to support employment and skills development across the EU. Recognising the complementarity of education and training policies to low-carbon strategies is essential to ensuring skills needs are met and that the transition process is not held back. The following annexes are included: (1) Glossary of terms; (2) Abbreviations; (3) References; (4) Model-based approach; (5) Detailed model outputs; (6) Sustainable energy policy context; and (7) Domain analysis.
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- 2013
5. Egypt's Approach and Initiatives Towards Greener Future: Policy Paper
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Hagar Hammad, Yara Hossam, Mohamed Mahmoud, and Irene S. Fahim
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Sustainability ,Climate change ,Greenhouse gas emissions ,Conference of parties ,Sustainable development ,Green economy ,Energy industries. Energy policy. Fuel trade ,HD9502-9502.5 ,Energy conservation ,TJ163.26-163.5 ,Renewable energy sources ,TJ807-830 ,Environmental engineering ,TA170-171 - Abstract
Climate change as a matter had little attention of public debate, especially in developing countries, until the recent floods caused by the dragon storms in the Middle East and the forest fires in the Mediterranean. Egypt, being strategically crucial in Africa, the Mediterranean, and the Arab world, with strong connections to other countries, aimed to go from promises to action and to discover real answers to climate change by building on past COPs. The administration assumed a more prominent role by coordinating the 27th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP27). People started to realize that this is not something only happening elsewhere in the world. Egypt took the initiative; Challenges have been assessed to reach suitable mitigation approaches, and Egypt's first NDC has been issued to meet the global agenda. Egypt's vision was to accelerate global climate action at the UNFCCC 27th Conference of the Parties (COP 27) through emissions reduction, advanced adaptation, and enhanced flow of appropriate finance, prioritizing developing countries worldwide.
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- 2023
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6. Beyond the Petroleum Age: Designing a Solar Economy. Worldwatch Paper 100.
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Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC., Flavin, Christopher, and Lenssen, Nicholas
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Alternatives to fossil fuels as energy resources are discussed. Energy from the sun and other renewable resources are cited as the alternatives. Constructed is a practical energy scenario for the year 2030 that involves a 55-percent cut in carbon dioxide emissions, greatly improved energy efficiency, and an energy production system that relies heavily on solar energy, geothermal energy, wind power, and the energy of living plants. World petroleum resources in the Middle East and worldwide are described. Chapters include: (1) "The Next Energy Transition"; (2) "Power from the Sun"; (3) "A Policy Agenda"; (4) "Energy and Jobs"; and (5) "Toward a Solar Economy". (KR)
- Published
- 1990
7. Alternatives to the Automobile: Transport for Livable Cities. Worldwatch Paper 98.
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Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC. and Lowe, Marcia D.
- Abstract
The numerous and widespread problems associated with the automobile are discussed. Traffic congestion, air pollution, and oil dependence are some of the reasons why the use of alternative fuels is necessary. A proposal is made for a new transport environment where walking, bicycling, and public transportation are used to complement the use of the automobile. Gradual restructuring of cities and suburbs to make alternatives viable and to lessen the need for driving is also discussed. Chapters include: (1) "From Servant to Master"; (2) "Getting on Track"; (3) "Cities for People"; (4) "The Road Not Taken"; and (5) "A Policy Overhaul." (KR)
- Published
- 1990
8. Processing of Thermal Power Waste into Composite Materials Using Coke Waste
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Medvedeva, Galina, Yusupova, Alsu, Giniyatova, Kamilya, Minikaeva, Kamilla, di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, and Vatin, Nikolai, editor
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- 2023
- Full Text
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9. Focus on energy efficiency: Voith presents digital solution OnView.Energy for the paper industry
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Paper industry -- Energy use ,Energy conservation ,Energy efficiency ,Energy consumption ,General interest ,News, opinion and commentary - Abstract
Germany: Voith GmbH & Co. KGaA has issued the following news release: Voith introduces OnView.Energy, an innovative digitalization solution for energy monitoring that enables paper manufacturers to visualize, monitor and [...]
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- 2024
10. The Role of IT in Campus Sustainability Efforts. An EDUCAUSE White Paper
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EDUCAUSE and Page, Carie
- Abstract
As the impact of worldwide carbon emissions comes into sharper focus, college and university sustainability efforts are increasingly turning green, focusing on ways to use resources more efficiently, consume less, and reduce campus carbon footprints. Yet, despite the direct impact of IT on institutional carbon levels and the potential for new technologies to reduce inefficiencies, campus IT is not always brought to the meeting table. In November, campus leaders in IT and facilities gathered in Adelphi, Maryland, at the University of Maryland, University College, for a two-day EDUCAUSE Summit on IT Greening and Sustainability to begin building connections between campus IT and wider sustainability efforts. This white paper captures key findings from the two days of brainstorming, discussion, and resource sharing and outlines a higher education agenda for moving forward. (Contains 18 endnotes.)
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- 2009
11. Nickel nanoparticles supported by commercial carbon paper as a catalyst for urea electro-oxidation
- Author
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Izabella F. Coelho, Joseane R. Barbosa, Liying Liu, Cauê de S. C. Nogueira, Dante F. Franceschini, Eduardo A. Ponzio, Júlio César M. Silva, and Yutao Xing
- Subjects
Nickel nanoparticles ,Carbon paper ,Urea electro-oxidation ,Catalyst ,Energy conservation ,TJ163.26-163.5 ,Renewable energy sources ,TJ807-830 - Abstract
Abstract Nickel nanoparticles supported by commercial carbon paper (CP) are prepared by pulsed laser deposition with deposition time of 3, 6, and 12 min as a catalyst for urea electro-oxidation. The surface conditions and the morphologies of the prepared electrodes have been characterized by Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Urea electro-oxidation reaction in KOH solution on the Ni/CP electrodes is investigated by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The results show that the electrode with less Ni nanoparticle agglomeration shows higher peak current density, which was achieved in the 3 min deposition samples when normalized by electroactive surface areas. However, the highest current normalized by the area of the carbon paper was achieved in the 6 min deposition sample due to the larger quantity of Ni nanoparticles. All the samples show good stability. Our results suggest that the low density, low cost, and environmental friendly CP can be used as support for Ni nanoparticle as a catalyst for urea electro-oxidation. It thus has great potential for many applications involving urea oxidation, such as wastewater treatments.
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- 2020
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12. Energy Conservation in IOT: A Survey
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Aggarwal, Kartik, Roy, Nihar Ranjan, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Singh, Pradeep Kumar, editor, Veselov, Gennady, editor, Pljonkin, Anton, editor, Kumar, Yugal, editor, Paprzycki, Marcin, editor, and Zachinyaev, Yuri, editor
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- 2021
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13. CHP plant linked with process controls at Finnish paper mill
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Markkula, E [Valmet Automation Oy (Finland)]
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- 2020
14. Embodied Carbon and Influencing Factors of China's Paper Industry's Export Trade to the United States.
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Limin Geng, Wenxing Shen, and Zenan Xu
- Subjects
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TECHNOLOGICAL progress , *CARBON nanofibers , *PAPER industry , *CARBON emissions , *CARBON offsetting , *GREENHOUSE gas mitigation , *ENERGY conservation - Abstract
The paper industry is a high-carbon emission and energy-intensive industry. From the perspective of low-carbon trade and carbon neutrality, its energy conservation and emission reduction are worthy of attention. This study used the input-output model to calculate the embodied carbon emissions of China’s paper industry’s export trade to the United States from 2006 to 2020 and used the logarithmic mean division index (LMDI) method to analyze influencing factors of the change of embodied carbon emissions. The study found that the embodied carbon emissions of China’s paper industry’s export trade to the United States generally shows a stable downward trend after reaching the peak with the increase of export trade scale; scale effect is the main factor that causes the embodied carbon emissions, while technological progress, policy support, and environmental regulations are important driving forces to promote carbon emission reduction. The research results of this paper not only can test and guide China’s paper industry trade policies and industrial policies, but they can also provide decision-making reference for China and the United States to promote the carbon emission reduction of the paper industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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15. Economic Assessment of Rural District Heating by Bio-Steam Supplied by a Paper Mill in Canada
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Marinova, Mariya, Beaudry, Catherine, Taoussi, Abdelaziz, Trepanier, Martin, and Paris, Jean
- Abstract
The article investigates the feasibility of district heating in a small town adjacent to a Kraft pulp mill in eastern Canada. A detailed heat demand analysis is performed for all buildings using a geographical information system and archived data provided by the municipality. The study shows that the entire space heating requirement of the town can be supplied by steam from the mill, even during exceptional peak demands. A screening test based on load density indicators, however, reveals that a district heating serving the entire town would probably not be economically viable. An economic analysis of partial districts show that a district covering about half of the town can be economically viable with a proper balance between the price of the steam sold by the mill to the district operator and the cost of the energy sold to customers. (Contains 10 tables, 6 figures, and 1 note.)
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- 2008
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16. Space Costing in Colleges and Universities. AIR Forum Paper 1978.
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Zachar, Sy
- Abstract
Plant operation currently consumes about 8 percent of an institution's budget (10-12 percent is not uncommon), of which half is expended on energy. In addition, the deferred maintenance of existing plant, a measure by which many institutions balanced their budget or minimized their deficits, can no longer be postponed. Nationally, an estimated $22 billion to $35 billion worth of maintenance is "now due." Rising energy costs and aging buildings will require institutions to devote an increasing share of their budget to the physical plant. As space becomes more expensive to maintain and operate, the method by which it is allocated and utilized will become of greater concern to the academic community. The issue this paper examines is: Should institutions of higher education cost-account space and physical plant operating and maintenance expenses to their academic units or programs? And if so, should fiscal responsibility include managerial control of the physical environment by those units? It is believed that if academic departments of colleges were financially responsible for their physical environment, the resources of the university's plant used in support of the academic mission would be more effectively utilized. (Author)
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- 1978
17. Six Steps to a Sustainable Society. Worldwatch Paper 48.
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Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC., Brown, Lester R., and Shaw, Pamela
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This paper discusses six steps which must be taken on a global level to put society on a sustainable path. Of the various steps none is more important than bringing population growth to a halt. The official United Nations medium-level population projects, used by planners throughout the world, show world population reaching some 10.5 billion before eventually stabilizing a century or more from now. It is recommended that the world population be stabilized at the six billion level by the year 2000. The second step to a sustainable society is protecting the croplands that are the main source of food worldwide. An understanding that soil loss eventually means less and costlier food is needed if a national soil conservation ethic is to be adopted. The third step is reforesting the earth. The World Bank now supports community-based forestry projects along with the commercial timber ventures it has traditionally backed. The fourth step is to repair, reuse, or recycle goods. The fifth and sixth keys to the evolution of a sustainable society is the conservation of energy and the development of renewable energy. (RM)
- Published
- 1982
18. Maximization of IoT Network Lifetime Using Efficient Clustering Technique
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Srinidhi, N. N., Chouhan, Dharamendra, Savitha, A. N., Shreyas, J., Kumar, S. M. Dilip, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Singh, Pradeep Kumar, editor, Veselov, Gennady, editor, Pljonkin, Anton, editor, Kumar, Yugal, editor, Paprzycki, Marcin, editor, and Zachinyaev, Yuri, editor
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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19. Nuclear Power: The Fifth Horseman. Worldwatch Paper 6.
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Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC., Hayes, Denis, Hayes, Denis, and Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC.
- Abstract
This publication is the sixth in a series of papers on global environmental issues. This paper evaluates the future of nuclear power, subjecting it to several tests: (1) economics; (2) safety; (3) adequacy of fuel supplies; (4) environmental impact; and (5) both national and international security. Section headings include: (1) The nuclear fuel cycle; (2) Nuclear economics; (3) Uranium supplies; (4) Safety; (5) Environmental impact; (6) Energy independence; (7) Nuclear terrorism; and (8) Nuclear power and society. This paper suggests that nuclear power may not only be unsafe but uneconomical. Among other examples are several cases of near catastrophic nuclear accidents of which the public was told nothing until the crictical periods had passed. (MR)
- Published
- 1976
20. Energy and Architecture: The Solar and Conservation Potential. Worldwatch Paper 40.
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Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC. and Flavin, Christopher
- Abstract
This monograph explores how architecture is influenced by and is responding to the global energy dilemma. Emphasis is placed on conservation techniques (using heavy insulation) and on passive solar construction (supplying most of a building's heating, cooling, and lighting requirements by sunlight). The basic problem is that architecture, like transportation, manufacturing, and agriculture, is heavily dependent on fossil fuels. It is estimated that approximately one-quarter of the world's energy supplies (two-thirds of which is derived directly or indirectly from oil and natural gas) is used for heating, cooling, and lighting buildings. Until recently, buildings in many countries were constructed with little or no concern for their energy efficiency or lifetime fuel costs. Building designers and researchers have recently become much more energy-conscious, due in large part to realization that paying for electricity is now the biggest expense in operating most large buildings. Also, the level of general awareness regarding energy use in buildings has risen rapidly as consumers, builders, real estate agents, and others have been exposed to education about climate conscious buildings. The conclusion is that the potential of energy-conscious improvements such as passive solar techniques and conservation for reducing dependence on expensive fossil fuel energy will be realized if designers, consumers, and regulatory agencies make an immediate and total commitment to make the transition to climate conscious buildings. Ways in which this transition can be accelerated include labeling of the fuel requirements of buildings by trade associations and local governments, provision of tax breaks for solar and other energy efficient homes, and establishment of energy standards for all new buildings. (DB)
- Published
- 1980
21. Revitalizing the American Economy: A Research and Development Focus for the 80s. Occasional Paper No. 64.
- Author
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Ohio State Univ., Columbus. National Center for Research in Vocational Education. and Taylor, Daniel B.
- Abstract
Vocational Education can play a key role in revitalizing the American economy particularly through research and development in four areas: economic development and productivity, equity and access, youth employment, and energy. It can enhance productivity by identifying innovative vocational education programs successful in enhancing community and economic development, developing entrepreneurship training, aiding in vocational agriculture teacher preparation, developing curricula that addresses community economic development needs, and emphasizing new technologies and leadership development opportunities. Research and demonstration projects can aid in expanding vocational educational opportunities for women, minorities, and handicapped persons. Vocational education can play a key part in reducing youth unemployment by providing in-school and out-of-school programs for disadvantaged youth. It has already begun to respond to emerging industries and technologies needed for the energy crisis. The National Center for Research in Vocational Education can assist in this endeavor by improving national dissemination and utilization of research and development products focusing on the four priorities mentioned above, examining and describing critical issues confronting vocational education, assisting in strengthening the nationwide vocational education research and development system, and improving articulation among education, business, industry, labor, and economic development agencies. (MN)
- Published
- 1980
22. Innolux Electronic Paper is introduced into Quanlian smart retail field to create sustainable value and then upgrade
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Energy conservation ,Supermarkets - Abstract
In order to cope with global warming, Innolux promotes energy-saving, carbon-reducing and low-energy consumption color electronic paper display advertising billboards. E-paper has low power consumption and is designed with batteries. [...]
- Published
- 2023
23. Introducing the Concept of Energy: Educational and Conceptual Considerations Based on the History of Physics
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Bussotti, Paolo
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In this research, an educational approach to the concept of energy is proposed. It is based on the history of physics. In 1854 Hermann Hemlholtz gave a popular lecture on the recent discovery that energy is conserved. Such lecture is used as a guide to introduce the pupils within several nuances of this concept. Not much mathematics is used, so Helmholtz's work, with several additions proposed here, is an excellent guide to understanding, from a qualitative point of view, the reasons that led scientists to establish the principle of conservation of energy. At the same time, it allows us to grasp two other concepts which are fundamental in reference to energy: work and heat. This panorama will be drawn in the first section. In the second one, some more mathematical and physical details on the teaching of energy in mechanics and thermodynamics will be offered. Finally, in the Conclusion, the interdisciplinary value of a historical approach to physics education will be pointed out. [For the full proceedings, see ED629086.]
- Published
- 2023
24. Energy Conservation. The Capital Investment Needs for Building Rehabilitation for Non-Profit Educational Institutions. Paper No. 2.
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Energy Task Force, Washington, DC.
- Abstract
This paper is one of several reports being prepared by the Energy Task Force on the impact of energy supply and cost trends on nonprofit educational institutions. This particular report focuses on the need to render educational facilities more energy-efficient through a program of capital investments focused on the rehabilitation of existing buildings. The report identifies the advantages offered by federal support of a building rehabilitation program that reduces both energy consumption and costs in the educational sector; it also outlines a phased investment plan for educational institutions involving progressive levels of technical sophistication and expenditure. Several tables that summarize survey data on the energy consumption and energy costs of 46 American colleges and universities are also included. Although the quantitative data applies specifically to institutions of higher education, most of the report applies equally to elementary and secondary schools as well. (Author/JG)
- Published
- 1975
25. Repairs, Reuse, Recycling--First Steps toward a Sustainable Society. Worldwatch Paper 23.
- Author
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Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC., Hayes, Denis, Hayes, Denis, and Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC.
- Abstract
Two-thirds of what we waste could be reused without important changes in our life-styles. One benefit of recycling would be the diminishing contribution of raw materials prices to inflation. For a sustainable resource policy there are three basic components: waste reduction, waste separation, and waste recovery. The first can be met by producing more durable goods, banning non-refillable containers, increasing charges for pick-up and disposal of waste, designing products which are easy and economical to repair, and ending discriminatory taxes and regulation. Separation of waste in homes and disposal units will facilitate recycling of paper, aluminum, glass, metals, and even plastics, though there are attendant problems of cost and social acceptance. Energy can be produced from waste when valuable materials are removed through chemical and physical processes. The possible impact of future mineral cartels such as the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) could be reduced through recycling. The amount of energy saved by recycling compared with that expanded on processing virgin materials ranges from eight to 95%. To go from conspicuous consumption to conspicuous frugality specific policies and social commitment are necessary. In this regard the public may be ahead of its leaders. (Author/DL)
- Published
- 1978
26. Rethinking the Role of the Automobile. Worldwatch Paper No. 84.
- Author
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Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC. and Renner, Michael
- Abstract
In 1987, a record 126,000 automobiles rolled off assembly lines each working day, and close to 400 million vehicles are used on the world's roads today. Prior to the 1970s the automobile's utility and sustainability were hardly questioned. A decade of oil price increases and worries about future fuel availability slowed automobile use somewhat, but in the 1980s improved energy efficiency and additional oil supplies combined to bring fuel prices down. This document calls for a fundamental rethinking of the role automobiles should play. It contains sections entitled: (1) "Whither the Automotive Age?" (2) "Depending More on Oil, Searching for Alternatives"; (3) "Enhancing Fuel Efficiency"; (4) "Reducing Emissions"; and (5) "Reshaping Transportation." (TW)
- Published
- 1988
27. Electricity's Future: The Shift to Efficiency and Small-Scale Power. Worldwatch Paper 61.
- Author
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Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC. and Flavin, Christopher
- Abstract
Electricity, which has largely supplanted oil as the most controversial energy issue of the 1980s, is at the center of some of the world's bitterest economic and environmental controversies. Soaring costs, high interest rates, and environmental damage caused by large power plants have wreaked havoc on the once booming electricity industry. Although policymakers around the world disagree vigorously about future trends and appropriate policies, virtually all acknowledge that a turning point has been reached. This document discusses: (1) past practices and trends leading to problems related to electric power generation and the electrical industry in the United States and foreign countries (including developing nations); (2) innovations and advances in the electrical industry related to the growth of electricity; (3) the rush to small-scale energy production and cogeneration (the combined production of heat and power), led not by utilities but by large industrial companies building their own power systems and small firms created to tap new energy sources such as wind power and geothermal energy; (4) the role of energy efficient products and practices as a power source; and (5) electricity's future. (JN)
- Published
- 1984
28. The Changing Role of the Market in National Economies. Worldwatch Paper 72.
- Author
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Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC. and Chandler, William U.
- Abstract
The concept of sustainable economics not only examines how to produce what for whom but also how irreplaceable resources can be adequately conserved. Efficient and equitable economic mechanisms are central components of the concept. Analyzing issues complicated by politics, ideology, and nationalism, sustainable economics scholars attempt to explore what works to make resource use more efficient, how people behave in relation to resources, and how a country's economic system can alter its prospects for survival. In this paper an answer for survival is sought through an examination of the performance of various countries throughout the world in agricultural efficiency/food security, energy efficiency, environmental pollution, and equity. Central to these topics is the changing reliance on the market, which should have significant human and environmental consequences. It is also contended that efficient food production and energy consumption make the best indicators of progress toward sustainable economics. It is concluded that many countries are reorienting their economies but that over-optimism about efficiency is not justified in view of the many problems that remain. Ten tables and 4 figures illustrate the topics in question. (TRS)
- Published
- 1986
29. Twenty-Two Dimensions of the Population Problem. Worldwatch Paper 5.
- Author
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Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC., Brown, Lester R., Brown, Lester R., and Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC.
- Abstract
Twenty-two facets of the world population problem are explored. The topics are economic, social, ecological, and political in nature and generally portray the stresses and strains associated with continued population growth in a world inhabited by four billion people. These aspects of the population problem are discussed: literacy, oceanic fisheries, natural recreation areas, pollution, inflation, environmental illnesses, hunger, housing, climate change, overgrazing, crowding, income, urbanization, deforestation, political conflict, minerals, health services, water, unemployment, endangered species, energy, and individual freedom. The authors conclude that analysis of the implications of population growth based on these indicators suggests strongly that the threat posed by uncontrolled growth deserves more attention from national and international leaders than it is presently getting. A bibliography of selected readings is included. (Author/DB)
- Published
- 1976
30. Resource Trends and Population Policy: A Time for Reassessment. Worldwatch Paper 29.
- Author
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Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC. and Brown, Lester R.
- Abstract
Population growth and resource depletion are discussed. The need is stressed for policy makers to understand how population projections relate to the carrying capacity of the earth's basic biological systems. Because the earth's resources are limited, it is essential that policy makers in developed and developing nations be able to analyze the relationship between population and resources such as fisheries, forests, croplands, and grasslands. Economic and social stresses have already resulted in over-fishing, over-grazing, shrinking forests, urban slums, unemployment and, since 1974, annual double digit inflation. One major constraint to unlimited population growth is the oil supply. Petroleum is the principal fuel that powers the global economy. The changing petroleum supply necessitates not only vigorous conservation programs but also establishment of policy priorities which will assure adequate oil supplies for essential purposes such as food production. Population policies which have been devised to deal with population growth include family planning assistance and controls on rural-urban migration. The conclusion is that policy makers must devise ways of stabilizing population at a level far lower than currently projected in order to avoid deterioration of the earth's biological resource base and of the living standards of more and more people. (DB)
- Published
- 1979
31. The United States and World Energy: A Discussion Paper, Department of State.
- Author
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Department of State, Washington, DC. and Smith, Ralph Stuart
- Abstract
This publication is a summary of the world energy situation and its impact on the United States. A brief review of some interrelated diplomatic, commercial, and technical aspects of the energy crisis and their implications for the U.S. and its foreign policy is presented first. Next, discussions of world supplies, uses and problems with different fuels including fossil fuels, solar, wind, nuclear, and geothermal are given. The distinction is made between resources and reserves. Finally, a concluding discussion is given that indicates what direction U.S. foreign policy on energy should go. It is suggested that the U.S. should play a major role in bringing the world through the transitional period ahead. (MR)
- Published
- 1977
32. The Global Economic Prospect: New Sources of Economic Stress. Worldwatch Paper 20.
- Author
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Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC., Brown, Lester R., Brown, Lester R., and Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC.
- Abstract
American economic analysts will better understand current economic trends if they investigate economic problems in light of the expanding global economy. Reasons for the failure of economists to explain the simultaneous existence of rapid inflation and high unemployment include preoccupation with economic indicators, short-term forecasts, and econometric models. Instead of concentrating on symptoms of economic maladies, economists should consider their underlying causes such as the role of biological systems in the economy. The four major biological systems--fisheries, forests, grasslands, and croplands--form the foundation of the global economic system. Economists' general lack of ecological awareness has caused them to ignore the economic impact of practices such as overgrazing, deforestation, rapid population growth, conversion of grasslands into croplands, encroachment of cities and deserts on croplands, depletion of nonrenewable energy sources, unemployment, capital scarcity, diminishing returns, and rising real costs accompanied by inflationary pressures. Many current economic problems are rooted in the deteriorating relationship between the world's four billion inhabitants and the earth's natural systems and resources. Economists should realize that many economic problems stem from the dependence of the economic system upon the natural environment. (Author/DB)
- Published
- 1978
33. Energy for Development: Third World Options. Worldwatch Paper 15.
- Author
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Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC. and Hayes, Denis
- Abstract
Focusing on the need for energy to sustain economic development on a long-term basis, the document examines energy options of the post-petroleum era in developing nations. Nuclear power and solar power are the most important among proposed alternative energy sources. Limited applicability of nuclear technology to the Third World is discussed. Problems include the need of most developing nations to seek foreign fuel to power nuclear plants, the difficulty of designing nuclear facilities that work equally well in different environments, and the problem of decommissioning radioactive facilities at the end of their usefulness. Energy-related research and experiments indicate that the most likely sources for new energy are solar (sunlight, wind, hydropower, and biomass). Factors which should encourage the Third World to harness solar energy sources include: a general abundance of sunlight, a dispersed and predominately rural population (which encourages decentralized energy resources), prohibitive cost of conventional energy, customary dependence on indirect solar sources such as firewood, and insignificant capital investment in petroleum-powered energy. Various objections and reservations concerned with the transition to solar energy are evaluated. The conclusion is that solar energy, the most viable energy source in the post-petroleum age, can contribute positively to economic development in both developing and industrialized nations. (Author/DB)
- Published
- 1977
34. World Oil: Coping With the Dangers of Success. Worldwatch Paper 66.
- Author
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Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC. and Flavin, Christopher
- Abstract
This publication examines various topics and issues related to the world oil situation. Major areas considered are: (1) the nature and consequences of the current oil glut; (2) a historical overview of the petroleum era (with analyses of the three time periods of 1900-1973, 1973-1979, and 1979-1981); (3) the geopolitics of oil (including data on oil production and revenues from the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) for 1973, 1980, and 1984; (4) the limits to world oil use (explained by graphs on world oil reserves and data on oil production, reserves, and reserves/production ratios of 12 major oil producing countries); (5) energy efficiency and new energy sources (listing major sources and consumption rates from 1973 to 1984); and (6) energy policy framework (with trend analysis and political implications). It has been recognized that opportunities have been increasing for many countries in energy self-sufficiency and oil dependency has diminished. (ML)
- Published
- 1985
35. Building on Success: The Age of Energy Efficiency. Worldwatch Paper 82.
- Author
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Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC., Flavin, Christopher, and Durning, Alan B.
- Abstract
The post-World War II era is commonly described as the age of oil. Petroleum has fueled the industrialization process and has helped to raise living standards around the globe. At the same time, the current era has been referred to as the age of efficiency. Since 1973, it is estimated that the world saved far more energy through improved efficiency than it has gained from all new energy sources. This document deals with some of the possibilities for energy efficiency, particularly as it relates to environmental quality. It includes sections which deal with: (1) energy-wise buildings; (2) transportation challenges; (3) new potentials for industry; (4) research; (5) prices, taxes, and standards; (6) institutionalizing efficiency; and (7) the limits to energy growth. (TW)
- Published
- 1988
36. Energy Productivity: Key to Environmental Protection and Economic Progress. Worldwatch Paper 63.
- Author
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Worldwatch Inst., Washington, DC. and Chandler, William U.
- Abstract
This report examines various topics and issues related to worldwide energy productivity and energy conservation. Following an introduction, these issues are considered in 6 sections focusing on: (1) energy demand projections (with data on 1982 energy consumption in selected countries); (2) continued industrial efficiency gains (including data on energy use in steel manufacturing and electrical energy use in aluminum smelting in major producing countries, ranked by efficiency); (3) the saving of oil in transportation (with data on 1982 automobile fuel economy in selected countries); (4) improvements in the energy use in buildings and appliances; and (5 and 6) two contrasting views of the world energy future. The first view indicates that global energy demand will double by the year 2025 while the second, based on an understanding of energy conservation, shows how demand could be held to a much smaller increase, stretching nonrenewable energy supplies and facilitating the use of renewable resources. Governmental policy initiatives designed to achieve the desired conservation potential are addressed. The crucial policies to be implemented include market pricing of energy, elimination of subsidies for energy use, implementation of regulations to overcome market failures, provision of consumer information, research and development, and visible encouragement of conservation by leaders at all levels. (JN)
- Published
- 1985
37. The Gasoline Shortage: A National Perspective; A Background Paper, Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, U.S. Senate, Ninety-Third Congress, First Session. [Committee Print]
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Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. Senate Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs.
- Abstract
This publication is a background document for the National Fuels and Energy Policy Study authorized by Senate Resolution 45. The purpose of this report is to identify the issues, to describe the impact of present policy on gasoline supply and demand, and to suggest potential measures to reduce the shortfall. This document is published to assist members of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, and other interested parties, in their understanding of the issues inherent in the formulation of a long-term National Energy Policy which assures the continued welfare of the Nation, including balanced growth, safeguarding and enhancing the quality of the environment, and national security. Topics under discussion include supply and demand; impact of shortages on the consumer, agriculture, and independent marketers; and proposed remedial actions. The concluding summary indicates that the gasoline shortage is the result of several interacting factors and will persist for some time. Two appendices contain energy related legislation and references. (Author/MA)
- Published
- 1973
38. An Improved Topology Control Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Energy Saving
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Duan, Baofeng, Li, Cuiran, Yang, Ling, Xie, Jianli, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Hao, Zhanjun, editor, Dang, Xiaochao, editor, Chen, Honghong, editor, and Li, Fenfang, editor
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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39. Power-Efficient Big.LITTLE Core Assignment Scheme for Task Graph Based Real-Time Smartphone Applications
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Lee, Se Won, Kim, Donghoon, Lim, Sung-Hwa, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, You, Ilsun, editor, Chen, Hsing-Chung, editor, Leu, Fang-Yie, editor, and Kotenko, Igor, editor
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Issues Pertaining to Energy Conservation in Railway Workshops
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Mane, Suresh D., Nagesha, N., Singh, Suneet, editor, and Ramadesigan, Venkatasailanathan, editor
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- 2020
- Full Text
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41. Developing the processing stages of carbon fiber composite paper as efficient materials for energy conversion, storage, and conservation
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Priyanka H. Maheshwari
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Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,TA401-492 ,Energy conservation ,TJ163.26-163.5 - Abstract
Carbon is a wonder material and has served the mankind since the inception of civilization in a variety of ways. Among its different forms, carbon fibers are especially known for their conductivity and favorable strength to weight ratio. Here the development of PAN based carbon fibers embedded in a matrix material followed by pyrolysis to form a fibrous C/C composite has been discussed. The processing of carbon paper has been divided into four steps, with the product of each stage used separately for different energy applications. (1) Carbon fiber preform has been used as a filler to achieve high strength in bipolar plates for PEM Fuel cells (energy conversion). Flexural strength of nearly 80 MPa has been achieved as compared to 40 MPa of the commercially available Schunk plate, Germany. (2) Resin impregnated preform, i.e. the Green composite paper has been employed as an energy efficient heating element (energy conservation). This has been further fabricated as a room heater, which works at 500 cycles). The (4) Graphitized carbon paper has proved to be an excellent electrode (anode and cathode) backing material for PEM Fuel cell. 25% hike in the peak power density of unit PEM FC has been achieved while employing CNT incorporated NPL carbon paper as compared to while using Toray carbon paper of Japan and tested under similar conditions. This in turn is attributed to the unique properties acquired by the material with subsequent processing at each stage which has been discussed in detail. Keywords: Carbon fiber, Porosity, Microstructure, Fuel cell, Li-ion battery, Heating element
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. History and Philosophy of Science: A Lever to Teach Energy at High School
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Bächtold, Manuel, Munier, Valérie, Millar, Robin, Series Editor, Constantinou, Costas P., Editorial Board Member, Dillon, Justin, Editorial Board Member, Jorde, Doris, Editorial Board Member, Psillos, Dimitris, Editorial Board Member, Stuchlikova, Iva, Editorial Board Member, Tiberghien, Andrée, Editorial Board Member, Vesterinen, Veli-Matti, Editorial Board Member, Welzel-Breuer, Manuela, Editorial Board Member, Zeyer, Albert, Editorial Board Member, McLoughlin, Eilish, editor, Finlayson, Odilla E., editor, Erduran, Sibel, editor, and Childs, Peter E., editor
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Interstate energy efficiency of Indian paper industry: A slack-based non-parametric approach.
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Bhat, Javed Ahmad, Haider, Salman, and Kamaiah, Bandi
- Subjects
- *
ENERGY conservation , *PAPER industry , *ENERGY intensity (Economics) , *PAPER industry & the environment , *TECHNOLOGICAL innovations - Abstract
Abstract This study aims at to make a heuristic analysis of energy efficiency performance of Indian paper industry in a non-parametric production theoretic approach. Using the data for 2004–05 to 2013–14, radial and non-radial variants of DEA were employed to estimate energy saving potential and identify the relative position of paper industry across the states. Preliminary analysis in terms of energy intensity scores showed declining trends of energy intensity over the period of analysis for most of the states except states like Assam, Chhattisgarh, Kerala and Punjab where it does not decline much. Assuming a variable returns to scale (VRS) technology under the conditions of inherent heterogeneity and market imperfection, the slack-based measure (SBM) reported a much higher energy saving potential than reported by other measures in the study. Further by taking scale efficiency into account, the study documented the higher contribution of pure energy inefficiency in explaining the total energy inefficiency within the paper industry relative to scale inefficiency. Finally, the study recommends the propagation of energy efficiency program through a market-based and regulatory mechanism along with consolidation and technological advancement of individual units, in order to tap vast energy saving potential and thereby ensure the growth and environmental sustainability. Highlights • The paper examined the energy efficiency performance of Indian paper industry. • Both radial (BCC) and the non-radial (SBM) measures of energy efficiency, were applied. • BCC measure reported an energy saving potential of 16%. • SBM measure reported an energy saving potential of 24%, higher than BCC measure. • Scale efficiency implied the relatively higher contribution of pure energy inefficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Evaluating Visualization for Slide-Based Investigative Learning with Connection between Presentation Slides
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Goto, Mitsuhiro and Kashihara, Akihiro
- Abstract
Presentation documents have been increasingly used not only as supplementary presentation materials but also as contents for investigative learning. In learning a presentation document, learners generally need to select a number of slides from the document, which describe what they want to learn or should learn. However, it is not so easy to find out the slides to be learnt since what each slide represents is not concisely stated and what connections exist between the adjacent slides are not explicitly expressed. They accordingly take more time for learning and finish learning with incomplete knowledge. In order to address this issue, this paper introduces a map called slidemap for visualizing the logical connections between the slides. This map helps learners identify the sequence of slides to be learnt from the presentation document and grasp the structure embedded in the document in a shorter time. This paper also demonstrates a tool for presentation slides-based investigative learning with slidemap. In addition, this paper reports a case study involving 16 participants with the tool, whose purpose was to ascertain whether using slidemap could be more beneficial for understanding the presentation document than using PowerPoint user interface. The results of the study show the effect of increasing learning time and visiting frequency for slides to be learnt, and promoting learners' understanding of presentation documents in a shorter time. [For the full proceedings, see ED621108.]
- Published
- 2021
45. The Learning Process on Utilization Foresight Technology of Patent Information: Sorghum Plant from Bioethanol
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Tommy Hendrix and Syukri Yusuf Nasution
- Abstract
The learning process through forecasting patent information based on technology can provide the direction in which technology is needed, especially supporting developments into the future. Technology mapping through patent information in the market becomes leverage development of products. Foresight technology in a patent is a tool to predict advanced technology that brings a competitive product to the market needs. This paper discusses patent information that becomes useful for developing technology through emerging market segmentation through a portfolio, innovation, and emerging market based on the WIPO database. This paper used a qualitative method with descriptive analysis and study literature using Innography software to see related information utilization of bioethanol from sorghum plants. This paper aims to obtain information technology from the patent analysis in bioethanol from sorghum plants to develop foresight products. The results show 310 patents registered in WIPO fields from 2006-2021 with dominant IP Class dominate from sectors C and A, also economic value range held by the Republic of Korea. Foresight technology through patent analysis provides information for industry and stakeholders who need the impact of the implementation of the latest technology and the appropriate level of competition in the commercialization of bioethanol products from sorghum plants.
- Published
- 2023
46. Integrating process optimization with energy-efficiency scheduling to save energy for paper mills.
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Zeng, Zhiqiang, Hong, Mengna, Li, Jigeng, Man, Yi, Liu, Huanbin, Li, Zeeman, and Zhang, Huanhuan
- Subjects
- *
ENERGY consumption , *PAPER mills , *DRYING , *ENERGY conservation , *GENETIC algorithms - Abstract
With the surging energy price and environmental concerns, measures to improve energy efficiency have attracted increasing concerns of the manufacture sector, especially energy-intensive manufacturing industries such as tissue paper mills. Energy-efficiency scheduling, as a novel energy-efficient method, has attracted the attention of an increasing number of researchers in recent years. Drying process is the most energy-intensive production process in tissue paper mills, which has a great energy-saving potential. This paper aims to reduce the energy costs for the tissue paper mill, consisting of processing energy cost and set-up energy cost, through integrating drying process optimization with energy-efficient scheduling. First, the energy cost model and the scheduling model were built. Then, the energy cost of the drying process of every job in a given scheduling problem was optimized using particle swarm optimization (PSO). Afterwards, the energy cost was further optimized using energy-efficiency scheduling. In addition, a hybrid non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) was utilized to solve the energy-efficiency scheduling problem. Finally, several real scheduling problems from a real tissue paper mill were addressed using the proposed approach to demonstrate its effectiveness in energy saving. The experiment result showed that there is a great energy-saving potential in the drying process, accounting for up to 12.53% of the total energy consumption. Moreover, the maximum energy saving ratio of the proposed approach could reach 9.03%. On the whole, the proposed approach can provide a new energy-saving method for tissue paper mills or other manufacturing industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Act now or risk stranded real estate assets, Colliers tells investors and owners in new ESG-focused paper
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Energy conservation ,Investment companies ,Real property ,Real estate industry - Abstract
(GlobeNewswire) - In their new report, Europes Renovation Wave, Colliers a leading diversified professional services and investment company explores the regulatory and societal pressures now driving an era of accelerated [...]
- Published
- 2023
48. Science to Practice - Networked Governance of Sustainability Transitions in an African University
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Tawanda Jimu and Britta Rennkamp
- Abstract
Purpose: This paper aims to present insights on the governance of sustainability transitions in higher education in Africa. The authors interrogate the research literatures on the governance of socio-technical transitions in water, electricity, transport and waste management, and identify barriers and enabling factors that enhance transformative practices in universities. Design/methodology/approach: The analytical framework proposed in this paper combines the elements of governance network theory (GNT) and transition topology. The framework of this study is grounded in an actor-centric approach using GNT to understand networks conducive to sustainability transitions. Events and governance networks were mapped on a transition topology to visualise organisational and institutional changes over time. The study engaged students, management, academic and administrative staff in building a community of practice towards sustainability. This research is based on qualitative content analysis grounded in interview data, focus group discussions, workshops, webinars and secondary data analysis. Findings: The findings show that the university has consolidated a sustainability vision and targets, but several factors prevent the community from achieving these targets, including hierarchical decision-making processes, a multitude of disjointed committees and fragmentation in the campus community. Originality/value: This research adds to an emerging body of literature in the field of sustainability in higher education with two contributions. Firstly, the study presents a novel perspective(s) on the governance of sustainability transitions by combining the literatures on governance and sustainability transitions using a new methodological approach of transition topology to show organisational and institutional changes. Secondly, the study presents new empirical evidence for improving the governance of sustainability transitions in a diverse and highly unequal African university community in the process of (de)colonisation of knowledge and governance.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Graphite nanoparticles paper supercapacitor based on gel electrolyte
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L. Fekri Aval, M. Ghoranneviss, and G. Behzadi Pour
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Flexible ,Supercapacitor ,Gel electrolyte ,Graphite nanoparticles ,Energy conservation ,TJ163.26-163.5 ,Renewable energy sources ,TJ807-830 - Abstract
Abstract In this study, three-type paper supercapacitors based on the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/phosphoric acid (H3PO4) gel electrolytes and graphite nanoparticles (GNPs) electrodes have been fabricated. The gel electrolytes and electrodes films have been coated on the paper using push coating and then characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In two types of the paper supercapacitors, on the PVDF gel electrolyte film, a layer of PVA/water and BaTiO3 as a gel separator film has been coated. The specific capacitance of the paper supercapacitors using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic (charge–discharge) methods at the scan rates 20 and 150 mV s−1 have been investigated. The paper supercapacitor based on the BaTiO3 separator film showed higher specific capacitance (312 F g−1) compared to other samples. Also, using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the Nyquist and Bode curves of paper supercapacitors have been measured. For the paper supercapacitors based on the PVDF gel electrolyte film and BaTiO3 separator film using the Nyquist curves, the equivalent series resistance (ESR) was 306 Ω and 125 Ω, respectively. The paper supercapacitor based on BaTiO3 gel separator structure represents a new type of flexible supercapacitor with high performance that can be applied to electronic devices.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Energy conservation and CO2 mitigation potentials in the Chinese pulp and paper industry.
- Author
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Kong, Lingbo, Hasanbeigi, Ali, Price, Lynn, and Liu, Huanbin
- Subjects
PAPER industry ,ENERGY conservation ,CARBON dioxide & the environment ,PAPER pulp ,ENERGY economics ,COST effectiveness - Abstract
China's paper production accounted for nearly a quarter of the world's total paper production in 2010. In this study, 23 energy saving technologies applicable to the pulping and papermaking process in China are identified and analyzed. The conservation supply curve (CSC) method is employed to assess the technical and economic aspects of energy conservation. The fuel CSC for Chinese pulp and paper industry shows the cost-effective and technical fuel conservation potential is 180 PJ and 254 PJ, accounting for 27% and 38% of total fuel used in 2010, respectively. The CO 2 mitigation potential related to the cost-effective fuel efficiency is 17 Mt CO 2 and the technical potential is 24 Mt CO 2 . The electricity CSC shows the technical electricity conservation potential is 2316 GWh, representing 4% of total electricity consumption. All of the electricity efficiency measures are shown to be cost-effective in this study. The CO 2 mitigation resulted from electricity efficiency is around 2 Mt CO 2 . In addition, sensitivity analyses for the parameters of penetration rate, discount rate, and energy price are conducted to assess their influence on the final results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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