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Abstract: The article analyses the use of flexible mechanisms under the Kyoto protocol in Baltic States and investigates the perspectives of these tools in the future. The results of the first phase of joint implementation (JI)–activities implemented jointly (AIJ) in Baltic States was overviewed in the article. The stages of JI process, activities and responsible institutions necessary for the implementation of JI projects are addressed in the paper. The main aim of the analysis conducted is to assess the future perspectives for JI projects in Baltic States taking into account EU accession and implementation of EU Linking directive. The institutional structure and legal framework for the implementation of JI in Baltic States was analyzed and measures and institutions necessary for the implementation of these projects were prescribed. The experience of Testing Ground Facility in Baltic Sea Region is presented in article and recommendations for the enhancement of JI in Baltic States were developed based on analysis conducted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The paper performed comparative assessment of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission trends and climate change mitigation policies in the fuel combustion sector of selected EU member states with similar economic development levels and historical pasts, and implementing main EU energy and climate change mitigation policies, having achieved different success in GHG emission reduction. The impact of climate change mitigation policies on GHG emission reduction was assessed based on analysis of countries' reports to UNFCCC by identifying the key areas of GHG emission reduction, their GHG emission reduction potential, and the driving forces behind them. The study revealed that climate change mitigation policies that have been implemented so far in Bulgaria are less efficient than in Lithuania, as Bulgaria places priorities not on energy efficiency improvement and penetration of renewable energy sources, but on switching from coal to natural gas. The policy implications for strengthening GHG emissions reduction efforts are provided based on analysis conducted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]