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Stretchable micropower sources with high energy density and stability under repeated tensile deformation are key components of flexible/wearable microelectronics. Herein, through the combination of strain engineering and modulation of the interlayer spacing, freestanding and lightweight MXene/bacterial cellulose (BC) composite papers with excellent mechanical stability and a high electrochemical performance are first designed and prepared via a facile all-solution-based paper-making process. Following a simple laser-cutting kirigami patterning process, bendable, twistable, and stretchable all-solid-state micro-supercapacitor arrays (MSCAs) are further fabricated. As expected, benefiting from the high-performance MXene/BC composite electrodes and rational sectional structural design, the resulting kirigami MSCAs exhibit a high areal capacitance of 111.5 mF cm−2, and are stable upon stretching of up to 100% elongation, and in bent or twisted states. The demonstrated combination of an all-solution-based MXene/BC composite paper-making method and an easily manipulated laser-cutting kirigami patterning technique enables the fabrication of MXene-based deformableall-solid-state planar MSCAs in a simple and efficient manner while achieving excellent areal performance metrics and high stretchability, making them promising micropower sources that are compatible with flexible/wearable microelectronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple and scalable direct laser machining process to fabricate MXene-on-paper coplanar microsupercapacitors is reported. Commercially available printing paper is employed as a platform in order to coat either hydrofluoric acid-etched or clay-like 2D Ti3C2 MXene sheets, followed by laser machining to fabricate thick-film MXene coplanar electrodes over a large area. The size, morphology, and conductivity of the 2D MXene sheets are found to strongly affect the electrochemical performance due to the efficiency of the ion-electron kinetics within the layered MXene sheets. The areal performance metrics of Ti3C2 MXene-on-paper microsupercapacitors show very competitive power-energy densities, comparable to the reported state-of-the-art paper-based microsupercapacitors. Various device architectures are fabricated using the MXene-on-paper electrodes and successfully demonstrated as a micropower source for light emitting diodes. The MXene-on-paper electrodes show promise for flexible on-paper energy storage devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flexible supercapacitor with all components monolithically integrated into an on-chip paper substrate demonstrates excellent electrochemical and mechanical performance. Supercapacitors are drawn with a conductive ink of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube and graphene ink, which has been prepared without assistance of surfactant. The engineering strategy is intrinsically scalable toward flexible paper devices. [Display omitted] • A surfactant-free ink of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes and graphene is prepared. • The electrodes are integrated onto a paper in mirror image. • The resultant supercapacitor presents a high volumetric capacitance of 0.45 F cm−3. • The strategy is intrinsically scalable toward flexible supercapacitors. We demonstrate a facile strategy to fabricate flexible paper-based supercapacitors, in which all the components are integrated onto a paper with poly (vinyl alcohol)/H 3 PO 4 as the gel electrolyte. The electrodes are drawn on both sides of the paper in a mirror image with a surfactant-free ink of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes and graphene. The resultant supercapacitors present a high volumetric capacitance of 0.45 F cm−3 and an energy density of 40.0 μWh cm−3. Moreover, this strategy is intrinsically scalable toward flexible energy devices while maintaining their electrochemical and mechanical performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]