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Lithomargic clay is generally found below the lateritic soil along the coastal belt of Karnataka. It is rich in silt content and dispersive in nature. This type of soil is liable to erosion and landslides. The lithomargic clay is largely found in the western coast of South India. At present, coastal belt of Udupi district is witnessing a lot of developments in terms of industry, infrastructures, and other activities. Lithomargic clay is a type of problematic soil, which needs a thorough study to make it suitable to sustain any engineering structure such as buildings, pavements, railways, dams. A characterization and mineralogical study is conducted to identify the presence of minerals and compounds for the various soil samples collected along the coastal belt of Udupi regions using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The primary minerals observed in majority of the regions are quartz, feldspar such as orthoclase, muscovite, and the secondary minerals formed by the decomposition and chemical alteration of primary minerals include sheet minerals such as kaolinite, halloysite, dickite, gibbsite, and illite in high proportions. The study also shows the presence of iron compounds such as fayalite, goethite, and siderite. The majority of the elements observed are oxygen, silicates, aluminum, potassium, and iron which confirms the presence of the compounds identified through XRD analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single crystals L– Histidine Cadmium Bromide (LHCdBr) have been grown successfully by solution growth method. Transparent crystal was obtained in the period of 2 weeks. The single crystal X-ray diffraction shows that the crystal is triclinic in structure. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis was carried to identify the intense peak. The various functional groups present were confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. By using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy studies presence of elemental composition was confirmed. From the optical studies the cut-off length is found to be 315 nm. The mechanical properties of the LHCdBr crystal have been analysed. The dielectric study was carried out and reported in this paper. By the Kurtz powder method the second harmonic generation was confirmed and it is 0.9 times greater than that of KDP crystal. LHCdBr shows good antibacterial activity against various standard bacterial strains (E. coli, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi Point Incremental Forming (MPIF) of sheet metals, where industry can focus in the future, due to the massive opportunities available for automated invention of sheet metals. In this paper, the void analysis of AA5052 sheets were investigated, which was formed using Multi Point Incremental Forming (MPIF) process is represented. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis was carried out on various surfaces existing during the MPIF process. The Forming Limit Diagram (FLD) was drawn and reported. The void analysis was carried out and determined. Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis was investigated to confirm the elemental composition of AA5052 sheets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In directly keyhole electron beam welding of Ti/Al alloys the heterogeneous interfacial reactions were found in the weldments. The intermetallic brittle phases (e. g. Ti3Al) formed at the weld joint and affected mechanical properties. To improve the homogeneity, change of electron beam offset and using of filler metal were studied. The effects of attempts were investigated by structural analysis, analysis of chemical composition and by hardness measurement. The results indicate that the modification of welding process from directly electron beam welding to electron beam welding-brazing process was more beneficial than using of filler metal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SiO 2 @Ag core-shell nanoparticles were successfully prepared by a facile and simplified synthesis strategy. Initially, the SiO 2 nanospheres were synthesized without functionalization using any silanols. Subsequently, by higher loading of Ag particles onto SiO 2 nanospheres, positively charged Ag(NH 3 ) 2 + ions were treated with negatively charged SiO 2 surface followed by a reduction reaction to obtain SiO 2 @Ag core-shell nanoparticles. The resultant Ag nanoparticles exhibit a strong absorption band at 410 nm over the amorphous SiO 2 nanospheres. FTIR spectroscopy evidenced the presence of amine and nitro compounds in the products and revealed that the SiO 2 surface is mostly filled with Ag NPs. The crystal structure and chemical composition were examined by Powder XRD analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy respectively. The FESEM micrographs visualized the successful formation of SiO 2 @Ag core-shell NPs and EDS analysis confirmed the higher loading of Ag NPs. The optical nonlinearity was examined by z-scan measurement at the excitation wavelength of 632.8 nm using a continuous wave red He-Ne laser. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) is evaluated regarding its applicability for revealing the binder distribution in lithium-ion battery electrode films. Graphite anodes comprising carbon black and PVDF binder are subject to varying drying conditions during solvent removal in order to adjust different binder distributions; fluorine is used as a marker for the presence of PVDF. For electrodes of about 70 μm thickness the fluorine concentration is detected at the surface of the electrode film as well as at the interface between electrode film and current collector foil. It is clearly visible by EDS that increasing drying temperatures (and drying rates) result in an accumulation of binder at the surface and a corresponding depletion at the interface. It is demonstrated on the basis of ion-milled cross-sections of thick electrodes (ca. 400 μm) that a quantitative mapping of the binder distribution delivers additional information about concentration gradients in dependence of the drying parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The molybdenum targets of 2-10 mg/cm have been prepared on Al and Ti backings by centrifugal sedimentation. The thickness and purity of the produced targets were analysed with Rutherford back scattering measurements, scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometry. Targets were requested for pilot studies of an alternative accelerator way of Tc production. Targets were tested with deuteron beam of 20 MeV energy and 10 nA intensity. They were irradiated for 10 min and showed no damage what proofed the targets suitability for irradiation with a weak beam of light projectiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was carried out in order to estimate reliability of EDS analysis for identification of various natural and anthropogenic metal-bearing phases in polished and rough particle samples of stream sediments. For this purpose, the accuracy and precision of EDS analysis were assessed. Results of the precision measurements showed that the overall relative standard deviation of EDS measurements was 8 % for polished samples and 24 % for rough particle samples and was within acceptable limits for most of major elements and some of the elements present in minor or trace contents in the analysed metal-bearing phases. The random analytical fluctuations were considered negligible and phase compositions could be determined with sufficient reliability in individual grains of each phase. The overall average relative error for all elements amounted to about 12 %, which was within acceptable limits for accuracy in EDS analysis of polished samples. Chemical formulae and identification of mineral species of metalbearing phases were thus calculated from atomic ratios between constituent elements with sufficient accuracy. A comparison between EDS measurements in polished and rough particle samples using the Welch's t-test showed that about 38 % of studied metal-bearing phases could be identified with sufficient reliability by EDS analysis of rough particle samples. The results of this study demonstrated that elemental composition of metal-bearing phases in polished and rough particle samples was mostly determined with sufficient precision and accuracy using EDS analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]