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Sheet Glass Industry is one industry that uses 75 % natural gas energy and 25 % electricity. Using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC-2006 emission calculation method, the average greenhouses gas (GHG) emissions obtained from the calcination process obtained 112 211 t CO2 yr–1 per plant and an average emission factor (EFkl) of 0.18 CO2 t–1 yr–1 of pull. With the technology of converting heat into electrical energy, residual combustion as flue gases has the potential to be used to produce electrical energy. Referring to the analysis and calculation; one of factories has potential to generate 0.8 MW to 3 MW electric energy. It’s efficiency of 10 % to 40 % so that it can be calculated as a component of GHG emission reductions whose value is 4.6 t CO2 yr–1 to 18.7 t CO2 yr–1 per plant. With this reduction, each of the GHG emission and emission factors per plant dropped to 93 442 t CO2 yr–1 and 0.16 CO2 t-pull–1.

The purpose of this study is to conceptualize Indonesia’s ICT-based energy security tracking system with detailed indicators of renewable energy (RE) and energy efficiency (EE) from the smart city extension. The opportunities for improvement to the energy security system is still wide open with the support of advances in information and communication technology (ICT) to integrate the internet and smart grid. The method refers to five main dimensions: availability, efficiency, affordability, sustainability, and governance. Then, how to link the concept of energy security with detailing indicator of RE and EE to the smart city. Empirically, energy security is a function of availability, efficiency, affordability, sustainability, and governance. The most important dimension is the Government (Go) to realize the interconnectivity and the information. If the Go has been realized, the other four dimensions will be easily obtained. With the development of ICT, the energy security status will certainly be more easily accessed anytime and anywhere by the stakeholders. The concept of a smart city usually integrated with the ICT infrastructure, especially for monitoring, management and decision-making tool. This research provides an overview of how the concept of energy security system is closely related to the implementation of the smart grid.

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The purpose of this study is to technically design an aluminium scrap processing machine by utilizing the direct exhaust hot air using a conveyor drying system. The automotive parts manufacturing industries use aluminium, a material that requires large amounts of energy for processing. As a result waste heat energy and scrap aluminium are produced – both could be used for savings and efficiencies. One option is utilizing exhaust hot air for the drying process of scrap material for reprocessing. The technical design of the machine follows four steps: analysing the production flow; calculating the potential energy of utilizing the exhaust hot air; designing the exhaust air utilization system for the washing and drying system; analysing the energy savings and the additional techno-economic value added from the system to reprocess the scrap aluminium chips and powder. Our analysis suggests the core melting process still uses 50% of raw material from ingot, but the other 50% from scrap (20% dry scrap briquettes and 30% dry scrap solids). The added value of the design is the material cost savings from the difference between the selling price of unprocessed scrap material and the price of the raw material purchased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]