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46 results on '"Jérôme Harmand"'

1. Position paper - progress towards standards in integrated (aerobic) MBR modelling

Author

Marc Heran, C. Brepols, Jérôme Harmand, María Victoria Ruano, Joaquim Comas, Ignasi Rodríguez-Roda, Ángel Robles, Giorgio Mannina, Ilse Smets, Brepols C., Comas J., Harmand J., Heran M., Robles A., Rodriguez-Roda I., Ruano M.V., Smets I., Mannina G., Erftverband, Universitat de Girona [Girona], Universitat de Girona (UdG), Instituto Catalán de Investigación del Agua - ICRA (SPAIN) (ICRA), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Européen des membranes (IEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Universitat de València (UV), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, and Task Group on Membrane Bioreactor Modelling and Control of the International Water Association (IWA)

Subjects
Technology, Environmental Engineering, Computer science, PROCESS SIMULATION, PRESSURE SET-POINT, Reactors de membrana, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Membrane bioreactor, Membranes (Technology), 01 natural sciences, SUBMERGED MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR, Engineering, Bioreactors, Membrane reactors, CONTROL-SYSTEM, terminology, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, DEPOSITION, OPTIMIZATION, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Science & Technology, CAKE LAYER FORMATION, Settore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-Ambientale, COMPUTATIONAL FLUID-DYNAMICS, MBR modelling, Membrane fouling, Integrated model, Membranes (Tecnologia), Engineering, Environmental, System optimization, Membranes, Artificial, Models, Theoretical, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Terminology, 6. Clean water, Standardized terminology, Physical Sciences, FILTRATION, Water Resources, Position paper, Biochemical engineering, integrated model, SENSITIVITY, 0210 nano-technology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Environmental Sciences
Abstract

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) models are useful tools for both design and management. The system complexity is high due to the involved number of processes which can be clustered in biological and physical ones. Literature studies are present and need to be harmonized in order to gain insights from the different studies and allow system optimization by applying a control. This position paper aims at defining the current state of the art of the main integrated MBR models reported in the literature. On the basis of a modelling review, a standardized terminology is proposed to facilitate the further development and comparison of integrated membrane fouling models for aerobic MBRs. ispartof: WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY vol:81 issue:1 pages:1-9 ispartof: location:England status: published

Published
2020

2. Optimal control of physical backwash strategy - towards the enhancement of membrane filtration process performance

Author

Nihel Ben Amar, Jérôme Harmand, Nesrine Kalboussi, Fatma Ellouze, Térence Bayen, Alain Rapaport, Université Tunis El Manar (UTM), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie [Tunis] (INSAT), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut Montpelliérain Alexander Grothendieck (IMAG), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Modélisation Mathématique et Numérique dans les Sciences de l'Ingénieur (LAMSIN), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tarbes (ENIT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, EuroMed 3+3 'TRESAURE', Université Tunis El Manar ( UTM ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie [Tunis] ( INSAT ), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] ( LBE ), Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie ( MISTEA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Institut Montpelliérain Alexander Grothendieck ( IMAG ), Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Modélisation Mathématique et Numérique dans les Sciences de l'Ingénieur ( LAMSIN ), ENIT, Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire de Modélisation Mathématique et Numérique dans les Sciences de l'Ingénieur [Tunis] (LR-LAMSIN-ENIT), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tunis (ENIT), and Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)

Subjects
[ MATH.MATH-OC ] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Engineering, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Microfiltration, Ultrafiltration, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, calcul de performance, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Transmembrane pressure, contrôle optimal, General Materials Science, Specific model, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, membrane de filtration, Physical backwash strategy, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 6. Clean water, Membrane, Process Engineering, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], 0210 nano-technology, Filtration and Separation, Biotechnologies, [ SDE.IE ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Water production, [ SPI.FLUID ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, Robustness (computer science), Control theory, Optimization and Control, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Optimisation et contrôle, microbiologie, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Génie des procédés, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, business.industry, [ SDV.BIO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Milieux fluides et réactifs, [ SPI.GPROC ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Control engineering, Optimal control, Reactive fluid environment, Optimal control Net water production optimization, mathématiques appliquées, business
Abstract

International audience; In this work, we show how optimal control theory can be used to optimize membrane filtration processes. The objective is to determine the optimal switching between filtration and backwash sequences in order to maximize the net water production per membrane area of microfiltration or ultrafiltration systems over a given period of time. The optimal solutions, whether the backwash flux is constant or variable, have been derived for a membrane filtration process operating at constant transmembrane pressure using a class of filtration models defined only by their qualitative behaviors. The optimal solution is applied in a simulation case study by considering a specific model validated on data recovered from the literature. The robustness of the approach has been evaluated for different disturbances.

Published
2018

4. Reduction of a complex biotechnological process model using state-variable association method-Application to the anaerobic digestion of micro-algae

Author

Jérôme Harmand, Francis Mairet, Jean-Philippe Steyer, Boumediene Benyahia, Zeyneb Khedim, Laboratoire d'automatique, Université Aboubekr Belkaid - University of Belkaïd Abou Bekr [Tlemcen], Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Hubert Curien Tassili project [15MDU949], TREASURE Euro-Mediterranean Research Network, Phycover research project - ANR-14-CE04-0011, IEEE, ANR-14-CE04-0011,Phycover,Durabilité des productions microalgales par recyclage du phosphore et de l'azote des eaux résiduaires : vers la station d'épuration du futur(2014), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, State variable, Engineering, biology, business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Chlorella vulgaris, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Data modeling, Reduction (complexity), Anaerobic digestion, Digestion (alchemy), Algae, 010608 biotechnology, 0103 physical sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Process control, Biological system, business, 010301 acoustics, Simulation
Abstract

International audience; This paper deals with the reduction of the ADM1 using the "state-variable association" method, to calibrate a simple model of microalgae anaerobic digestion (the MAD model). In simulation, we show that the behavior of the calibrated MAD model and of the ADM1 are identical. Using experimental data, the calibrated MAD model predicts well the real behavior of the digestion of a substrate composed of Chlorella vulgaris. Our study highlights the effectiveness of the adopted approach to provide, from complex phenomenological models, a reduced one, that can then be used for control and optimization purposes.

Published
2017

5. Corrigendum to 'Design, analysis and validation of a simple dynamic model of a submerged membrane bioreactor'

Author

Alain Rapaport, Jérôme Harmand, Guilherme Araujo Pimentel, Alain Vande Wouwer, Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Mons (UMons), Modelling and Optimisation of the Dynamics of Ecosystems with MICro-organisme (MODEMIC), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Walloon Region, Wagralim Pole, in the framework of the Nutrivert Project, Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme, UMONS (Belgium), INRA (MIA Department, France), Araujo Pimentel, Guillerme, Rapaport, Alain, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Design analysis, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 0207 environmental engineering, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, 02 engineering and technology, Biotechnologies, Membrane bioreactor, GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS, bioréacteur à membrane, Simple (abstract algebra), [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, 14. Life underwater, 020701 environmental engineering, Waste Management and Disposal, Automatique, Water Science and Technology, Civil and Structural Engineering, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, business.industry, Ecological Modeling, Automatic Control Engineering, Modélisation et simulation, Pollution, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, 6. Clean water, mathématiques appliquées, Chemical engineering, Modeling and Simulation, Biochemical engineering, modèle dynamique, business
Abstract

International audience; In this study, a simple dynamic model of a submerged Membrane BioReactor (sMBR) is proposed, which would be suitable for process control. The system dynamics is first analyzed showing the existence of three different time scales. The existence of slow-fast dynamics is central to the development of a dedicated parameter estimation procedure. The proposed model structure is validated using realistic simulation data from a detailed simulator built in a well-established environment, namely GPS-X. Finally, a nonlinear model predictive control is designed to illustrate the potential of the developed model within a model-based control structure. The problem of water treatment in a recirculating aquaculture system is considered as an application example.

Published
2016

6. Equilibria of an anaerobic wastewater treatment process and their stability

Author

Jérôme Harmand, Boumediene Benyahia, Tewfik Sari, Brahim Cherki, Laboratoire d'Automatique de Tlemcen (LAT), Université Aboubekr Belkaid - University of Belkaïd Abou Bekr [Tlemcen], Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire de Mathématiques Informatique et Applications (LMIA), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), TREASURE (an INRIA Euromed 3+3 project, http://www.treasure.fr), Julio R. Banga and Philippe Bogaerts and Jan Van Impe and Denis Dochain and Ilse Smets (Eds.), European Project: 230833,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-IRSES-2008,COADVISE(2009), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Université Abou Bekr Belkaid Tlemcen, Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Laboratoire de Mathématiques Informatique et Applications [UHA] (LMIA)

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, modelling and identification, business.industry, 010102 general mathematics, Environmental engineering, Process (computing), environmental processes (wastewater, bioremediation), Model parameters, 02 engineering and technology, General Medicine, bioinformatics dynamics and control, 01 natural sciences, Stability (probability), 6. Clean water, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Sewage treatment, Biochemical engineering, Anaerobic wastewater treatment, [INFO.INFO-BT]Computer Science [cs]/Biotechnology, 0101 mathematics, [STAT.CO]Statistics [stat]/Computation [stat.CO], business
Abstract

International audience; This paper deals with the analysis of the equilibria and their stability of the so-called AMOCO model developed by Bernard and ali (2001) to describe the dynamical behavior of an anareobic fixed-bed wastewater treatment process. Depending on the model parameters, the steady states are analytically characterized and their stability is analyzed. Following this study, it is shown that the overloading tolerance (denoted herein OT), a parameter proposed in Hess and Bernard (2007) to on-line monitoring anaerobic processes, may be not adapted under certain operating conditions and even lead to bad operating decisions.

Published
2010

7. Optimal time switching control for multi-reaction batch process

Author

D. Mazouni, Alain Rapaport, Hassan Hammouri, and Jérôme Harmand

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, Sequence, Control and Optimization, business.industry, Applied Mathematics, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Control (management), Control variable, 02 engineering and technology, Optimal control, Time optimal, Controllability, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Control and Systems Engineering, Reachability, Control theory, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Batch processing, business, Software
Abstract

This paper presents an approach for solving minimal time problems for biological batch models with switching controls. Multi-reaction processes operated in a sequence of operating modes are considered, where the control variable is the switch between different operating modes. In order to determine the optimal switching instants that minimize the final time to reach the target, a reachability analysis and a study of dynamical properties are first investigated. This leads to a reduced model and the characterization of reachable switching sequences. Optimization tools are then used to determine the optimal switching instants. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Published
2009

8. OPTIMIZATION OF SEQUENCING BATCH (BIO)-REACTORS – CHALLENGING ISSUES

Author

Denis Dochain, Jérôme Harmand, and D. Mazouni

Subjects
Engineering, Waste management, Automatic control, business.industry, General Medicine, business, Process engineering, Anoxic waters
Abstract

This paper discusses several theoretical as well as practical challenging issues related to a recently developed time-optimal control strategy for the optimization of oxic/anoxic Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBR) for the removal of organic carbon and nitrogen from urban and industrial wastewaters and to its practical implementation.

Published
2007

9. Maximizing biogas production from the anaerobic digestion

Author

Jérôme Harmand, Tewfik Sari, Amel Ghouali, Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Aboubekr Belkaid - University of Belkaïd Abou Bekr [Tlemcen], Laboratoire de Mathématiques Informatique et Applications (LMIA), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Information – Technologies – Analyse Environnementale – Procédés Agricoles (UMR ITAP), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Modelling and Optimisation of the Dynamics of Ecosystems with MICro-organisme (MODEMIC), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Laboratoire d'Automatique de Tlemcen (LAT), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Mathematical optimization, Engineering, Control variable, Bioreactor, Biogas, 02 engineering and technology, Interval (mathematics), 010501 environmental sciences, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Robustness (computer science), Anaerobic digestion, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Heuristic, business.industry, Maximization, Solver, Optimal control, Computer Science Applications, Control and Systems Engineering, Modeling and Simulation, business
Abstract

Sous presse; International audience; This paper presents an optimal control law policy for maximizing biogas production of anaerobicdigesters. In particular, using a simple model of the anaerobic digestion process, we derive a controllaw to maximize the biogas production over a period T using the dilution rate as the control variable.Depending on initial conditions and constraints on the actuator (the dilution rate D(·)), the search for asolution to the optimal control problem reveals very different levels of difficulty. In the present paper,we consider that there are no severe constraints on the actuator. In particular, the interval in which theinput flow rate lives includes the value which allows the biogas to be maximized at equilibrium. Forthis case, we solve the optimal control problem using classical tools of differential equations analysis.Numerical simulations illustrate the robustness of the control law with respect to several parameters,notably with respect to initial conditions. We use these results to show that the heuristic control lawproposed by Steyer et al., 1999 [20] is optimal in a certain sense. The optimal trajectories are then com-pared with those given by a purely numerical optimal control solver (i.e. the “BOCOP” toolkit) which isan open-source toolbox for solving optimal control problems. When the exact analytical solution to theoptimal control problem cannot be found, we suggest that such numerical tool can be used to intuiteroptimal solutions.

Published
2015

10. Design, Analysis and Validation of a Simple Dynamic Model of a Submerged Membrane Bioreactor

Author

Alain Vande Wouwer, Alain Rapaport, Guilherme Araujo Pimentel, Jérôme Harmand, Modelling and Optimisation of the Dynamics of Ecosystems with MICro-organisme (MODEMIC), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Mons (UMons), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Walloon Region, Wagralim Pole, in the framework of the Nutrivert Project, Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme, UMONS (Belgium), INRA (MIA Department, France), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Araujo Pimentel, Guillerme, and Rapaport, Alain

Subjects
Engineering, Singular perturbation, Environmental Engineering, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Stability (learning theory), Biotechnologies, Membrane bioreactor, bioréacteur à membrane, Bioreactors, Control theory, Simple (abstract algebra), [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, Recirculating aquaculture system, Parameter estimation, Process control, Model-based control, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 14. Life underwater, Waste Management and Disposal, Automatique, Water Science and Technology, Civil and Structural Engineering, Equilibrium point, business.industry, Estimation theory, Ecological Modeling, Automatic Control Engineering, Membranes, Artificial, Equipment Design, Models, Theoretical, Modélisation et simulation, Pollution, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, mathematical modeling, singular perturbation, parameter estimation, model-based control, recirculating aquaculture system, mathématiques appliquées, Model predictive control, Modeling and Simulation, Mathematical modeling, modèle dynamique, business
Abstract

In this study, a simple dynamic model of a submerged membrane bioreactor (sMBR) is proposed, which would be suitable for process control. In order to validate the proposed model structure, informative data sets are generated using a detailed simulator built in a well-established environment, namely GPS-X. The model properties are studied, including equilibrium points, stability, and slow/fast dynamics (three different time scales). The existence of slow-fast dynamics is central to the development of a dedicated parameter estimation procedure. Finally, a nonlinear model predictive control is designed to illustrate the potential of the developed model within a model-based control structure. The problem of water treatment in a recirculating aquaculture system is considered as an application example.

Published
2015

11. Robust interval-based regulation for anaerobic digestion processes

Author

Victor Alcaraz-Gonzalez, Alain Rapaport, Jérôme Harmand, Víctor González-Álvarez, Jean-Philippe Steyer, Carlos Pelayo-Ortiz, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Analyse des Systèmes et Biométrie (ASB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Guadalajara, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Archive Ouverte

Subjects
Engineering, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Environmental Engineering, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 020209 energy, ANAEROBIC DIGESTION, UNCERTAINTY, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Models, Biological, Waste Disposal, Fluid, 01 natural sciences, Bacteria, Anaerobic, Bioreactors, ROBUSTNESS, Robustness (computer science), Control theory, [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Bioreactor, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, INDUSTRIE AGROALIMENTAIRE, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Parametric statistics, business.industry, ROBUST REGULATION, INTERVAL OBSERVERS, Chemical oxygen demand, 6. Clean water, [SDV.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Dilution, Nonlinear system, Anaerobic digestion, Wastewater, Biochemical engineering, business, [INFO.INFO-AU] Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering
Abstract

International audience; A robust regulation law is applied to the stabilization of a class of biochemical reactors exhibiting partially known highly nonlinear dynamic behavior. An uncertain environment with the presence of unknown inputs is considered. Based on some structural and operational conditions, this regulation law is shown to exponentially stabilize the aforementioned bioreactors around a desired set-point. This approach is experimentally applied and validated on a pilot-scale (1 m3) anaerobic digestion process for the treatment of raw industrial wine distillery wastewater where the objective is the regulation of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) by using the dilution rate as the manipulated variable. Despite large disturbances on the input COD and state and parametric uncertainties, this regulation law gave excellent performances leading the output COD towards its set-point and keeping it inside a pre-specified interval.

Published
2005

12. Analysis and Control of a Wastewater Equalization System

Author

Isabelle Queinnec, Sophie Tarbouriech, and Jérôme Harmand

Subjects
Engineering, Wastewater, Control theory, business.industry, Control (management), Process (computing), Equalization (audio), Sewage treatment, Control engineering, business, Control methods, Actuator saturation
Abstract

In this paper, the problem of dealing with large magnitude disturbances at the entrance of Waste Water Treatment Plants (WWTP) is investigated. To overcome the problem of actuator saturation when controlling equalization systems, the use of constrained control methods is proposed. The performance of the proposed strategy is evaluated in simulation using a model of an equalization process.

Published
2004

13. A Robust Asymptotic Observer for Chemical and Biochemical Reactors

Author

Jérôme Harmand, Víctor González-Álvarez, Victor Alcaraz-Gonzalez, Denis Dochain, Alain Rapaport, Ortiz C. Pelayo, and Jean-Philippe Steyer

Subjects
Nonlinear system, Engineering, Anaerobic digestion, Observer (quantum physics), Fixed bed, Control theory, business.industry, Bioreactor, Lack of knowledge, State observer, business, Stability (probability)
Abstract

A simple state observer is proposed for a class of lumped nonlinear time-varying systems useful in chemical and biochemical engineering. It is shown that this asymptotic nonlinear observer is stable in the presence of time-varying elements and robust in the face of initial conditions uncertainty and a total lack of knowledge on the nonlinearities of the system. Experimental results are presented using a model of an anaerobic digestion process for the treatment of industrial wastewater from a wine distillery and tested using real data obtained from a 1 m continuous fixed bed pilot bioreactor.

Published
2003

14. Control of a Multi-Stage Continuous Fermentor for the study of the wine fermentation

Author

Céline Casenave, Denis Dochain, Jean-Marie Sablayrolles, Marc Perez, Alain Rapaport, Jérôme Harmand, Modelling and Optimisation of the Dynamics of Ecosystems with MICro-organisme (MODEMIC), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Centre for systems engineering and applied mechanics [Louvain] (CESAME), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Sciences Pour l'Oenologie (SPO), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), European Project: 212754,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2007-1,CAFE(2008), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), CESAME, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL)-Centre for systems engineering and applied mechanics [Louvain] (CESAME), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, Automatic, Control (management), Control variable, control design, 02 engineering and technology, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 020401 chemical engineering, cascade of reactors, vin, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, State observer, 0204 chemical engineering, Process engineering, Automatique / Robotique, fermentation, Fermentation in winemaking, Wine, business.industry, wine fermentation, Cascade, Scientific method, Fermentation, automatisation, varying input constraints, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

APPLICATION PAPER PRIZE (APP); International audience; Yeasts play a central role in the wine making process. To study the yeasts in a stable environment and physiological state, a Multi-Stage Continuous Fermentor (MSCF) has been designed that mimics steps of the batch fermentation process. In this paper, the problem of the control of the sugar concentrations in each of the four reactors of the MSCF is considered. The cascade structure of the device leads to a constraint on the input flow rates (the control variables). A control strategy based on a linearizing control law coupled with a state observer and an anti windup component is proposed and finally implemented on the experimental process.

Published
2014

15. Robust Interval-Based SISO Regulation of a Highly Uncertain Anaerobic Digester

Author

Víctor González-Álvarez, Carlos Pelayo-Ortiz, Jérôme Harmand, Jean-Philippe Steyer, Alain Rapaport, and Victor Alcaraz-Gonzalez

Subjects
Work (thermodynamics), Variable (computer science), Nonlinear system, Engineering, Exponential growth, business.industry, Process (engineering), Robustness (computer science), Control theory, Interval (mathematics), business, Anaerobic exercise
Abstract

A robust regulation law is proposed for the stabilization of an anaerobic digester for the treatment of organic wastewater. This process exhibits a highly nonlinear dynamic behavior with poorly known parameters. In addition, it must work under an uncertain environment with the presence of unknown inputs. Supporting some structural and operational conditions, this regulation law exponentially stabilizes the regulated variable around its nominal value in the presence of uncertainty and input disturbances. Simulations are carried out handling operational conditions close to those used in a real plant.

Published
2001

16. A fuzzy logic based diagnosis system for the on-line supervision of an anaerobic digestor pilot-plant

Author

Jérôme Harmand, Antoine Genovesi, Jean-Philippe Steyer, ProdInra, Migration, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, 0106 biological sciences, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biomedical Engineering, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, Residual, 01 natural sciences, Fuzzy logic, Fault detection and isolation, Industrial waste water, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 010608 biotechnology, Process engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Waste management, business.industry, TRAITEMENT DES EAUX USEES, 6. Clean water, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Anaerobic digestion, Pilot plant, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Sewage treatment, Line (text file), business, Biotechnology
Abstract

This paper deals with the development of a fuzzy logic based diagnosis system and its application as a fault detection and isolation (FDI) procedure in a wastewater treatment plant. Different fault detection methods are tested and their advantages and limitations are highlighted. An aggregate FDI strategy is implemented and tested. Results using the fuzzy residual generation module are presented and discussed based on experimental data from a 1 m3 pilot-scale anaerobic digestion reactor for the treatment of raw industrial wine distillery vinasses.

Published
1999

17. Anaerobic Membrane BioReactor modeling in the presence of Soluble Microbial Products (SMP) - the Anaerobic Model AM2b

Author

Brahim Cherki, Boumediene Benyahia, Jérôme Harmand, Tewfik Sari, Laboratoire d'Automatique de Tlemcen (LAT), Université Aboubekr Belkaid - University of Belkaïd Abou Bekr [Tlemcen], Modelling and Optimisation of the Dynamics of Ecosystems with MICro-organisme (MODEMIC), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire Systèmes Dynamiques et Applications (LSDA), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), AiresSud : 7015 , Coadvise (Project FP7-PEOPLE-IRSES) : 230833, Treasure (an Inria Euromed 3 + 3 Project, European Project: 230833,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-IRSES-2008,COADVISE(2009), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
Engineering, General Chemical Engineering, MEMBRANE FOULING, [INFO.INFO-OH]Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH], 0207 environmental engineering, ANAEROBIC DIGESTION, Anaerobic membrane bioreactor, bioréacteur, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, MBR, WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT, Bioreactor, Environmental Chemistry, 020701 environmental engineering, Bifurcation, automatisme, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, EQUILIBRIA BIFURCATION, business.industry, Membrane fouling, Environmental engineering, General Chemistry, Agricultural sciences, Anaerobic digestion, Membrane, anaerobic digestion, equilibria bifurcation, membrane fouling, SMP modeling, wastewater treatment plant, Degradation (geology), SMP MODELING, business, Biological system, Anaerobic exercise, Sciences agricoles
Abstract

In this paper, we develop a mathematical model of anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR) for control design purposes. In particular, we integrate into this model the production and the degradation of Soluble Microbial Products (SMP), which are known to play an important role in the membrane fouling phenomenon. The proposed model, named AM2b, is based on the modification of the AM2 two step model initially proposed in [1]. We present a graph-based approach to determinate its equilibria and discuss three different generic cases. We show that under general assumptions (case A), the model developed has the same number of equilibria as the AM2 model and operates in bi-stability [2]. However, under certain operating conditions or if biological parameters values are slightly modified (cases B and C), the AM2b model exhibits equilibria bifurcation and multi-stability property. It is also shown that the AM2b model can provide interesting qualitative information to the user, such as the influence on some equilibria of the variation in the concentration of organic matter in the influent concentration.

Published
2013

18. Bifurcation and stability analysis of a two step model for monitoring anaerobic digestion processes

Author

Jérôme Harmand, Brahim Cherki, Brahim Benyahia, Tewfik Sari, Laboratoire Systèmes Dynamiques et Applications (LSDA), Université Aboubekr Belkaid - University of Belkaïd Abou Bekr [Tlemcen], Modelling and Optimisation of the Dynamics of Ecosystems with MICro-organisme (MODEMIC), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Information – Technologies – Analyse Environnementale – Procédés Agricoles (UMR ITAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), European Project: 230833,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-IRSES-2008,COADVISE(2009), and Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Engineering, Operations research, Equilibrium, Risk analysis, Two step, Stability (learning theory), 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Model approximation, THEORIE DE L'APPROXIMATION, 020401 chemical engineering, Anaerobic digestion, EQUILIBRE, 0204 chemical engineering, 0101 mathematics, STEADY STATE ANALYSIS, DIGESTION ANAEROBIE, Bifurcation, BIOTECHNOLOGIE, business.industry, Steady state analysis, 6. Clean water, EVALUATION DES RISQUES, Computer Science Applications, 010101 applied mathematics, Control and Systems Engineering, Modeling and Simulation, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, business, Biological system, Anaerobic exercise, Biotechnology
Abstract

This paper deals with the equilibria and stability analysis of the two step anaerobic model initially proposed by[12] to describe the dynamical behavior of an anaerobic fixed-bed wastewater treatment process. In a first part, the model is analyzed: its equilibria and their stability are established considering qualitative properties of the kinetics. In a second part, it is shown that the overloading tolerance (denoted herein OT), a parameter proposed in [9] to monitor anaerobic processes on-line, may not be suitable for monitoring the system and even causes serious problems under certain functioning conditions. Based on the analysis results established in the first part, a modified OT is proposed and evaluated in simulation. Journal of Process Control, Volume 22, Issue 6, July 2012, Pages 1008–1019.

Published
2012

19. Unknown input observers for biological processes

Author

Jérôme Harmand, Gonzalo Acuña, Denis Dochain, Alain Rapaport, Water Resource Modeling (MERE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Analyse des Systèmes et Biométrie (ASB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre for systems engineering and applied mechanics [Louvain] (CESAME), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), and Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Observer (quantum physics), [INFO.INFO-OH]Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH], 02 engineering and technology, entrée inconnue, periodic input, parameter and state estimation, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 020401 chemical engineering, Control theory, wastewater treatment processes, [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, State observer, 0204 chemical engineering, state observer, business.industry, General Medicine, Periodic input, entrée périodique, 6. Clean water, traitement des eaux usées, Loading rate, business, Constant (mathematics), unknown input, biological process
Abstract

aeres : C-ACTI; International audience; This paper addresses the question of estimating unknown inputs in biological processes. The unknown inputs are either constant or periodic (as e.g. in municipal wastewater treatment plants where the loading rate is unknown yet of a period equal to one day). In particular the designed observer is able to recover the unknown periodic inputs over a few periods.

Published
2008

20. Basic concepts of bioprocess control

Author

Denis Dochain, Jérôme Harmand, ProdInra, Migration, and Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL)

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Engineering, business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Instrumentation (computer programming), Biochemical engineering, Bioprocess, Process engineering, business
Abstract

International audience; Bioprocesses play an important role in food processing, the pharmaceutical industry and in environmental management. Their underlying principles are based on inputs from chemical engineering, molecular biology, molecular genetics, physics, chemistry, mathematics, computer science and other engineering disciplines. Giving an overview of the challenges in the control of bioprocesses, this comprehensive book presents key results in various fields, including: dynamic modeling, dynamic properties of bioprocess models, software sensors designed for the on-line estimation of parameters and state variables, control and supervision of bioprocesses. What are the challenges for the control of bioprocesses? Dynamic models of biochemical processes: properties of the models. Identification of bioprocess models. State estimation for bioprocesses. Recursive parameter estimation. Basic concepts of bioprocess control. Adaptive linearizing control and extremum-seeking control of bioprocesses. Tools for fault detection and diagnosis.

Published
2008

21. Development of an integrated system for the optimization of sequencing batch reactors

Author

L. Luccarini, S. Mariani, Jérôme Harmand, Massimiliano Pirani, D. Mazouni, N. Fiocchi, A. Quintabà, P. Ratini, Societa di Progettazione Elettronica e Software, Fabriano, Partenaires INRAE, ENEA, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Engineering, Biological reaction, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Nitrogen removal, SUPERVISION SYSTEM, Software, 020401 chemical engineering, 0204 chemical engineering, Process engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, WWTP, [INFO.INFO-MS]Computer Science [cs]/Mathematical Software [cs.MS], business.industry, Applied Mathematics, EOLI project, Embedded electronics, 6. Clean water, Computer Science Applications, EMBEDDED ELECTRONICS, Control and Systems Engineering, Modeling and Simulation, TELECONTROL, business
Abstract

This paper presents (i) a synthesis of the EOLI supervision system for optimizing both the biological reaction phases and the settling phase of Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBR) performing carbon and nitrogen removal from urban or industrial wastewaters; (ii) a summary of the integration capabilities of the integrated system developed by an industrial partner of the project to propose both the hardware and the software of the EOLI solution under a unified framework.

Published
2006

22. Optimal control of biological SBRs for the treatment of dairy and toxic wastewaters

Author

D. Mazouni, Manuel J. Betancur, Jaime A. Moreno, Jérôme Harmand, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana (UPB), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Instituto de ingenieria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, Waste management, business.industry, Applied Mathematics, SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR, 02 engineering and technology, OPTIMAL TIME CONTROL, Optimal control, Nitrogen removal, Computer Science Applications, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 020401 chemical engineering, Control and Systems Engineering, Modeling and Simulation, 0204 chemical engineering, business, OPTIMIZATION, CONTROLE, Software, [INFO.INFO-MS]Computer Science [cs]/Mathematical Software [cs.MS]
Abstract

This paper presents two optimal control strategies developed for the control of two biological sequencing batch reactors (SBR), the first one performing both organic carbon and nitrogen removal from dairy wastewaters, while the second one treats toxic wastewaters. The proposed control laws are based on models that have been validated with real data acquired on two real biological SBR pilot plants. These models are presented in D. Mazouni et al., 16th IFAC World Congress, Prague, 5–8 July 2005. The validation results of these control strategies are presented and discussed.

Published
2006

23. Dynamical optimization of a configuration of multi-fed interconnected bioreactors by optimum seeking

Author

Denis Dochain, Martin Guay, Jérôme Harmand, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre for systems engineering and applied mechanics [Louvain] (CESAME), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), and Queen's University [Kingston, Canada]

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, CONTINUOUS-STIRRED TANK REACTORS (CSTR), business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Uncertain systems, Control engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Optimal control, Substrate concentration, Dynamical optimization, PLUG-FLOW REACTORS (PFR), 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Model parameter, Control theory, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Bioreactor, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, business, CONTROLE
Abstract

International audience; In this paper, an optimum-seeking controller is proposed to minimize the output substrate concentration of a configuration of two interconnected auto-catalytic systems in the presence of input substrate concentration disturbances and model parameter uncertainty. The proposed multi-configuration bioreactor system improves the optimum performance that could be achieved with a single well-mixed reactor. The optimum-seeking controller provides a real-time optimization tool that allows one to achieve the full capability of the multi-configuration system for a wide range of bioreactor kinetics. Simulation results demonstrates the applicability of the technique for a bioreactor system with slowly time-varying parameters.

Published
2006

24. Output tracking of continuous bioreactors through recirculation and by-pass

Author

Jérôme Harmand, Frédéric Mazenc, Alain Rapaport, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, OUTPUT REGULATION, business.industry, CONTINUOUS BIOREACTOR, 02 engineering and technology, Nonlinear control, Lipschitz continuity, Loop (topology), 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 020401 chemical engineering, Volume (thermodynamics), Flow (mathematics), Control and Systems Engineering, Control theory, [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, Convergence (routing), RECIRCULATION LOOP, 0204 chemical engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bioprocess, Constant (mathematics), business, NONLINEAR CONTROL DESIGN, CONTROLE
Abstract

In this paper, we propose to regulate the output of an auto-catalytic bioprocess (a biological process associated with a growth of a micro-organism) by means of a recirculation loop and by-pass. We give conditions on the volume of the reactor and the kinetic function for which it is possible to stabilize the output concentration under a constant or disturbed unmeasured input flow. Furthermore, we obtain convergence of the output variable in finite time with a Lipschitz continuous feedback.

Published
2006

25. The optimal design of two interconnected (bio)chemical reactors revisited

Author

Denis Dochain, Jérôme Harmand, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre for systems engineering and applied mechanics [Louvain] (CESAME), and Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL)

Subjects
Optimal design, Chemical process, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, Mathematical optimization, Optimization problem, Process (engineering), General Chemical Engineering, Continuous stirred-tank reactor, STEADY-STATE EQUIVALENT BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, OPTIMAL DESIGN, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 020401 chemical engineering, Control theory, Process control, 0204 chemical engineering, OPTIMIZATION, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, (BIO)CHEMICAL REACTIONS, business.industry, [INFO.INFO-CE]Computer Science [cs]/Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science [cs.CE], INTERCONNECTED SYSTEMS, Chemical reactor, REACTORS IN SERIES, Computer Science Applications, Graph (abstract data type), business
Abstract

This paper deals with the steady-state optimal design of two interconnected Continuous Stirred Tank Biological or Chemical Reactors in which a single reaction occurs. In particular, three new qualitative consequences of results originally proposed by Harmand, Rapaport, and Trofino [Harmand, J., Rapaport, A., & Trofino, A. (2003). Optimal design of two interconnected bioreactors-Some new results. AIChEJournal, 49(6),1433-1450] and Harmand, J., Rapaport, A., and Drame [Harmand, J., Rapaport, A., & Drame, A. K. (2004). Optimal design of two interconnected enzymatic reactors. Journal of Process Control, 14(7),785-794] are presented. First, a unifying graph-based approach (originally adapted by Bischoff [Bischoff, K. B.(1966). Optimal continuous fermentation reactor design. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 281-284] from a technique first proposed in the early 1960s by Aris [Aris, R. (1962). On optimal adiabatic reactors of combined types. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 40, 87-92] for the design of adiabatic reactors) for the optimal design of biological systems is proposed. This approach permits an easy interpretation of the concept of "Steady-State Equivalent Biological Systems" proposed in the above cited papers. Secondly, it is shown that a number of very different design optimization problems, other than those specifically treated in the literature, can be solved using the propositions introduced in these papers. In particular, it is shown that the "Steady-State Equivalent Biological Systems" concept can be extended to catalytic chemical processes, and conditions to optimally design both catalytic and autocatalytic systems in a unifying way are derived. Thirdly, an interesting corollary of the results enables us to show qualitatively that there exists an infinite number of ways for designing (not necessarily optimally) any single-rate biological process, depending on the way the process is configured in terms of input flow rate and recirculation loop. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All right reserved.

Published
2005

26. On-line supervision and control of an aerobic SBR process

Author

Jérôme Harmand, Laurent Lardon, F. Ciappelloni, D. Mazouni, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
Quality Control, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Nitrogen, SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Fault (power engineering), Waste Disposal, Fluid, 01 natural sciences, Fault detection and isolation, Bioreactors, Software, 020401 chemical engineering, Forensic engineering, Biomass, DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM, 0204 chemical engineering, MONITORING, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, MATLAB, FAULT DETECTION AND ISOLATION, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, computer.programming_language, business.industry, Process (computing), Carbon, Reliability engineering, Bacteria, Aerobic, Data set, Pilot plant, [SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS, Safety, business, computer, Model building, CONTROLE
Abstract

This paper presents a new software developed in MATLAB for analyzing on-line data of an aerobic SBR, detecting faults and, in this case, proposing the most probable causes of fault. Process diagnosis is achieved using a statistical method divided in two main phases: off-line model building and on-line data diagnosis. The off-line model identifies the correct working conditions of the system (standard operative conditions). It includes the characterization of the deviation of the system from these standard conditions in the case of changing in the biomass properties or carbon and nitrogen load characteristics. The on-line diagnosis aims at collecting and analyzing all the available data available through industrial sensors, and at classifying the behavior of each treatment cycle. The diagnosis performance of the proposed method is tested using a data set of an aerobic SBR pilot plant.

Published
2004

27. Comparison of advanced control strategies for improving the monitoring of activated sludge processes

Author

Jean-Philippe Steyer, Jérôme Harmand, W. Zarrad, Martijn Devisscher, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Control (management), Stability (learning theory), PID controller, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, STABILITE, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Control theory, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, BIOTECHNOLOGIE, State-space representation, business.industry, Applied Mathematics, TRAITEMENT DES BOUES USEES, Control engineering, Computer Science Applications, Identification (information), REJECTION, Control and Systems Engineering, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Benchmark (computing), business, Closed loop, CONTROLE
Abstract

This paper deals with the comparison between three control strategies for the optimal operation of activated sludge processes (ASPs). The first approach describes the design and the implementation within an ASP benchmark model of an industrial control strategy composed of two decentralized proportional integral derivative controllers (PIDs). The second and third approaches are based on a state space model of the system. The second one considers disturbances as noises while the third one uses the Disturbance Modeling Principle (C. Leondes (Ed.), Control and Dynamic Systems: Advances in Theory and Applications, Vol. 18, London, p. 387) in order to actually estimate unknown inputs while keeping the stability of the closed loop in the presence of external disturbances. It is shown that if the second and third approaches need additional sensors than the first one—but only during the identification stage—when implemented properly, they allow the user to estimate unknown inputs that can be useful for diagnosis purposes.

Published
2004

28. Optimal design of two interconnected enzymatic bioreactors

Author

Jérôme Harmand, Alain Rapaport, Abdou Kh. Dramé, ProdInra, Migration, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Analyse des Systèmes et Biométrie (ASB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Optimal design, [SDE] Environmental Sciences, Engineering, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Kinetics, 02 engineering and technology, [MATH] Mathematics [math], [INFO] Computer Science [cs], 01 natural sciences, Stability (probability), Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, 020401 chemical engineering, Control theory, 010608 biotechnology, Bioreactor, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Sensitivity (control systems), 0204 chemical engineering, [MATH]Mathematics [math], Steady state, business.industry, Function (mathematics), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 6. Clean water, Computer Science Applications, Loop (topology), [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Volume (thermodynamics), Flow (mathematics), Control and Systems Engineering, Modeling and Simulation, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

This paper deals with the optimal design of two interconnected continuous stirred bioreactors in which a single enzymatic reaction occurs. The term “optimal” should be understood here as the minimum of the total volume of the reactors required to perform a given conversion rate, given a quantity of matter to be converted per time unit. In determining the optimal volume, it is considered that the input flow may be distributed among the tanks and also that a recirculation loop may be used. The optimal design problem is solved for a wide class of kinetics functions including, in particular, the well-known Michaelis–Menten kinetics function. The analysis of the optimal configurations is investigated, and it is shown that the concept of “Steady State Equivalent Biological System” (SSEBS) first introduced by Harmand et al. [AIChE J., in press] for microbial reactions only applies to enzymatic systems which have non-monotonic kinetics. In addition, a stability as well as a sensitivity analysis of the optimal configurations are performed.

Published
2004

29. Set-point regulation of an anaerobic digestion process with bounded output feedback

Author

R. Antonelli, Alessandro Astolfi, Jean-Philippe Steyer, Jérôme Harmand, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Control variable, 02 engineering and technology, Nonlinear control, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 020401 chemical engineering, Exponential stability, Control theory, INPUT, Process control, 0204 chemical engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), BACTERIE ACIDOGENIQUE, business.industry, Process (computing), TRAITEMENT DES EAUX USEES, 6. Clean water, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Nonlinear system, OUTPUT, INDUSTRIE VINICOLE, Control and Systems Engineering, Bounded function, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, ACIDE GRAS VOLATILE, business
Abstract

This work addresses the robust output feedback tracking problem for a biological wastewater treatment process in the presence of input constraints and limited knowledge on the process parameters. The considered process is an anaerobic up-flow fixed bed biological reactor within a semi-industrial scale pilot plant for the treatment of industrial wine distillery wastewater. A mathematical model describing the dynamic behavior of the biological process is considered and nonlinear control techniques are used to design a bounded output feedback control law. Local asymptotic stability and local set-point tracking of the resulting closed-loop system is proved when the dilution rate is selected as the manipulated variable and the output methane gas flow-rate as the measured and controlled variable. Finally, the implementation of the nonlinear output feedback control law is described and experimental results are reported. It is observed that the proposed controller yields set-point regulation, rejects disturbances and preserves stability despite uncertainty on the kinetic parameters.

Published
2003

30. On-line estimation of unmeasured inputs for anaerobic wastewater treatment processes

Author

Jean-Christophe Ponsart, Didier Theilliol, Pascal Gras, Jérôme Harmand, Cédric Join, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ProdInra, Migration, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, 0106 biological sciences, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, Observer (quantum physics), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Control theory, 010608 biotechnology, Range (statistics), Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business.industry, Applied Mathematics, Linear system, Observable, Control engineering, TRAITEMENT DES EAUX USEES, 6. Clean water, Computer Science Applications, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Nonlinear system, Pilot plant, Control and Systems Engineering, Line (geometry), [SDE]Environmental Sciences, State (computer science), business
Abstract

This paper deals with the design of an unknown input observer for anaerobic wastewater treatment plants. A key problem in bioprocessing systems is the absence, in some cases, of reliable on-line measurements for real-time monitoring applications. The objective is to develop on-line estimation of unmeasured input (i.e. unknown input) for anaerobic processes defined as unknown input affine nonlinear systems. Based on a nonlinear state space model, the design approach is to find an observable subsystem insensitive to unmeasured inputs according to the linear theory. This subsystem is used to estimate, from available on-line measurements, the state and the unmeasured inputs. This study focuses on the on-line estimation of unmeasured inputs over a wide range of simulation and a practical experimentation on a pilot plant: an anaerobic fixed bed reactor.

Published
2003

31. Optimal design of interconnected bioreactors: New results

Author

Jérôme Harmand, Alexandre Trofino, Alain Rapaport, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Analyse des Systèmes et Biométrie (ASB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
Optimal design, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, BIOTECHNOLOGIE, Environmental Engineering, [CHIM.GENI] Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Unit of time, business.industry, General Chemical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, Term (time), Loop (topology), 020901 industrial engineering & automation, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, 020401 chemical engineering, Flow (mathematics), Volume (thermodynamics), Control theory, INPUT, Bioreactor, 0204 chemical engineering, business, Biotechnology
Abstract

The optimal design of two interconnected continuous stirred bioreactors in which a single reaction occurs is presented. The term “optimal” should be understood here as the minimum of the total volume of the reactors required to perform a given conversion rate, given a quantity of matter to be converted per time unit. In determining the optimal volume, it is assumed that the input flow may be distributed among the tanks and also that a recirculation loop can be used. The analysis of the optimal configurations is investigated, and the concept of “steady-state equivalent biological system” is highlighted. The class of growth functions for which the results of this study hold is quite wide and includes, in particular, Monod, Haldane, and Aiba kinetics.

Published
2003

32. Robust interval-based SISO and SIMO regulation for a class of highly uncertain bioreactors: application to the anaerobic digestion

Author

Víctor González-Álvarez, Alain Rapaport, Victor Alcaraz-Gonzalez, Carlos Pelayo-Ortiz, A. Maloum, Jérôme Harmand, and Jean-Philippe Steyer

Subjects
Engineering, Anaerobic digestion, Nonlinear system, Steady state, business.industry, Control theory, Robustness (computer science), Chemical oxygen demand, Bioreactor, Process control, Robust control, business
Abstract

A robust set-valued regulation law is proposed for the stabilization of an anaerobic digester for the treatment of wastewater. This process exhibits a highly nonlinear dynamic behavior. In addition, it must operate in an uncertain environment with the presence of unknown inputs. Supporting some structural and operational conditions, this regulation law exponentially stabilizes the two most important variables in the anaerobic digester: the chemical oxygen demand concentration and the volatile fatty acids concentration around a desirable steady state in the presence of kinetic uncertainties and input disturbances. Simulations are carried out handling operational conditions close to those used in a real plant.

Published
2002

33. Comparison of two advanced control strategies for monitoring of activated sludge processes

Author

J.P. Steyer, Jérôme Harmand, Martijn Devisscher, ProdInra, Migration, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, BIOTECHNOLOGIE, Disturbance (geology), State-space representation, business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Control (management), Control engineering, 02 engineering and technology, General Medicine, TRAITEMENT DES EAUX USEES, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Activated sludge, Control theory, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, business, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

This paper deals with the comparison between two control strategies for the optimal operation of Activated Sludge Processes (ASPs). The first approach describes an industrial control strategy composed of two decentralized Proportional Integral controllers (PIs) while the second approach is based on a state space model of the system together with the Disturbance Modeling Principle (Johnson, 1976). It is shown that if the second approach needs additional sensors than the first one, when implemented properly, it allows the user to estimate unknown inputs that can be useful for diagnosis purposes. Simulation results are provided before some conclusions are drawn.

Published
2001

34. Advanced control of an industrial equalization system

Author

B Vanderhaegen, B. De Clercq, Peter A. Vanrolleghem, J.P. Steyer, Jérôme Harmand, Martijn Devisscher, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
Supervisory systems, [SDE] Environmental Sciences, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Decision support system, Engineering, business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Control (management), Full scale, Equalization (audio), Control engineering, 02 engineering and technology, TRAITEMENT DES EAUX USEES, Fuzzy logic, 6. Clean water, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], INDUSTRIE, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Control theory, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, business
Abstract

This paper illustrates the modeling and the control of the equalization system of a full scale industrial wastewater treatment plant. The structure of the system is very specific and a number of difficulties are pointed out and then solved using an optimal controller associated with a fuzzy based supervisory system. Simulation results are presented and evaluated.

Published
2001

35. High gain observer for diagnosing an anaerobic fixed bed reactor

Author

J.P. Steyer, Jérôme Harmand, F. Miens, ProdInra, Migration, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, 0303 health sciences, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, BIOTECHNOLOGIE, Observer (quantum physics), business.industry, Fixed bed, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], food and beverages, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 03 medical and health sciences, Anaerobic digestion, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Pilot plant, Control theory, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, business, Anaerobic exercise, 030304 developmental biology, High gain observer
Abstract

This paper presents the design of a high gain observer and its application to the diagnostic of a fixed bed anaerobic digestion pilot plant used for the treatment of wine vinasses. Based on a generic validated model of the process recently proposed in the literature (Bernard et al., 1998), it is shown that a number of faults can be detected and isolated. The results obtained in simulation using this strategy are presented and discussed.

Published
2001

36. Advanced monitoring and control of anaerobic wastewater treatment plants : fault detection and isolation

Author

Antoine Genovesi, Jérôme Harmand, J-Ph Steyer, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Reliability (computer networking), 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Fault (power engineering), 01 natural sciences, Fuzzy logic, Waste Disposal, Fluid, Fault detection and isolation, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Fuzzy Logic, Process control, Anaerobiosis, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, BIOTECHNOLOGIE, Waste management, business.industry, Process (computing), Reproducibility of Results, Equipment Design, TRAITEMENT DES EAUX USEES, Models, Theoretical, 6. Clean water, SIGNAL, Reliability engineering, [SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology, State (computer science), business, Algorithms, Waste disposal, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

In this paper, a fault detection and isolation approach using fuzzy logic is described for on-line analysis of problems occurring in anaerobic digestion processes. The measurements available on the process are preprocessed to build a vector of fault residuals indicating the magnitude of the problems. This vector is classified into a prespecified category (i.e., a class) which is a state of the system, according to discrimination fuzzy rules. Three different types of classes were defined in a hierarchical structure : sensors faults, sub-process faults and process faults. This approach was developed to handle in real time both technical and biological problems. Demonstration of the practical interest of this study was made using real life experiments and large improvement of the reliability and safety of the process was obtained, thus optimizing the overall wastewater treatment.

Published
2001

37. Control design of an industrial equalization system - handling system constraints, actuator faults and varying operating conditions

Author

Jérôme Harmand, Jean-Philippe Steyer, Martijn Devisscher, Peter A. Vanrolleghem, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, Engineering, BIOTECHNOLOGIE, business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Control (management), Equalization (audio), Control engineering, Fault tolerance, TRAITEMENT DES EAUX USEES, Fuzzy logic, 6. Clean water, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Handling system, Control theory, Control system, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, détection de défaut, business, Actuator, CONTROLE, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

This paper describes the design and evaluation of a control system for an equalization system at the wastewater treatment plant of a pharmaceutical production facility. The design includes actuator fault tolerance, and measures are included to deal with physical constraints and changing operating conditions. A combination of linear quadratic techniques, fuzzy logic and disturbance accomodation theory is used. The controller is evaluated through simulation and is currently under full-scale test.

Published
2000

38. Model based prediction of the clogging of an anaerobic fixed bed reactor

Author

P. Gras, Pierre Buffière, J.P. Steyer, Jérôme Harmand, F. Miens, Thierry Conte, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Hydraulic retention time, PREDICTION, Nuclear engineering, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 0207 environmental engineering, Continuous stirred-tank reactor, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Clogging, law, TRACER, Bioreactor, 020701 environmental engineering, Plug flow reactor model, Filtration, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, BIOTECHNOLOGIE, business.industry, Environmental engineering, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Volume (thermodynamics), [SDE]Environmental Sciences, business
Abstract

This paper presents the use of nonlinear constrained optimization techniques in order to detect and evaluate the degree of clogging in an anaerobic fixed bed reactor. First, experimental results show that the validity of a mass balance model can degrade over the time. Using the available model of the process and nonlinear constrained optimization tools, it is established that these changes can be due to the decrease of the liquid volume into the reactor while the mean values of biomass concentrations increase, leading to the clogging of the reactor. These theoretical results are confirmed experimentally in evaluating the hydraulic retention time of the reactor using a tracer.

Published
2000

39. Nonparametric identification and adaptive control of an anaerobic fluidized bed digester

Author

Jean-Pierre Vila, Nadine Hilgert, Jérôme Harmand, Jean-Philippe Steyer, Analyse des Systèmes et Biométrie (ASB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, Adaptive control, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Biogas, Control theory, Bioreactor, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Process engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, BIOTECHNOLOGIE, business.industry, Applied Mathematics, Nonparametric statistics, TRAITEMENT DES EAUX USEES, 6. Clean water, Computer Science Applications, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Nonlinear system, Anaerobic digestion, Control and Systems Engineering, Fluidized bed, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, business, CONTROLE
Abstract

In this paper, a new adaptive and robust control algorithm that is able to successfully deal with unpredictable internal changes (unmodeled dynamics) and external disturbances (changes in input) of the processes in an anaerobic digestion bioreactor is presented. The adaptive controller is based on a nonparametric statistical approach of the process identification. The regulation is done by optimally adapting the input liquid flow rate of the wastewater to designated changes in the output flow rate of the biogas (methane and carbon dioxide) resulting from the biological reaction. The fundamental advantage of this approach is its freedom from any a priori modeling assumptions about uncertain dynamic components. Experimental results, obtained using a pilot-scale 150 l fluidized bed reactor for the treatment of industrial wine distillery liquid wastes, demonstrates the usefulness of this approach in controlling biological processes.

Published
2000

40. Interval-based diagnosis of an anaerobic digester pilot plant

Author

P. Steyer, Victor Alcaraz-Gonzalez, Jérôme Harmand, ProdInra, Migration, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, Engineering, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 02 engineering and technology, Interval (mathematics), 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Fault detection and isolation, Control theory, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, détection de défaut, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, BIOTECHNOLOGIE, business.industry, TRAITEMENT DES EAUX USEES, 6. Clean water, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Nonlinear system, Anaerobic digestion, Pilot plant, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Sewage treatment, business, Anaerobic exercise, CONTROLE
Abstract

Anaerobic digestion processes are highly nonlinear time-varying processes. When used for WasteWater Treatment, they are subject to large input disturbances both of concentrations and flow rates of the polluted effluents to be treated. Furthermore, such processes still suffer from a lack of reliable and cheap sensors. As a consequence, in practice, these processes are usually not observable nor detectable and most state observation and control techniques cannot be applied. In such situations and under specific conditions that are highlighted in the paper, it is possible to design some “interval observers” which compute lower and upper bounds in-between which the real values of the unmeasured variables are guaranteed to lie. The use of such observers for diagnosis purposes (to detect unmeasured input changes and sensor faults) in an anaerobic digestion WWTP is investigated and discussed.

Published
2000

41. Robust interval-based siso regulation of an anaerobic reactor

Author

Jean-Philippe Steyer, Jérôme Harmand, Victor Alcaraz-Gonzalez, Carlos Pelayo-Ortiz, Alain Rapaport, and Víctor González-Álvarez

Subjects
Work (thermodynamics), Engineering, système non linéaire, business.industry, digestion anaérobie, Control engineering, bioréacteur, Interval (mathematics), TRAITEMENT DES EAUX USEES, BIOTECHNOLOGIE, STABILISATION, simulation, procédé biologique, Nonlinear system, Variable (computer science), Exponential growth, Control theory, régulation, méthode statistique, Anaerobic reactor, impact sur l'environnement, business
Abstract

A robust regulation law is proposed for the stabilization of an anaerobic digester for the treatment of organic highly loaded wastewater. This process exhibits a highly nonlinear dynamic behavior. In addition, it must work under an uncertain environment with the presence of unknown inputs. Supporting some structural and operational conditions, this regulation law exponentially stabilizes the regulated variable around its nominal value in the presence of uncertainties and input disturbances. Simulations are carried out handling operational conditions close to those used in a real plant.

Published
2000

42. Identification and disturbance accommodating control of a fluidized bed anaerobic digester

Author

Jean-Philippe Steyer, A. G. Manh, Jérôme Harmand, Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, Disturbance (geology), 020209 energy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Biogas, Control theory, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Bioreactor, Process engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, BIOTECHNOLOGIE, Waste management, business.industry, General Medicine, TRAITEMENT DES EAUX USEES, 6. Clean water, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Anaerobic digestion, Pilot plant, Fluidized bed, Control system, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, business, CONTROLE, Biotechnology
Abstract

This paper deals with the identification and control of a fluidized bed anaerobic digester in order to stabilize the production of biogas based on the biological treatment of industrial wine distillery wastewaters. The process used is first presented in details. Using a linear model between the Output Gas Flow Rate and the Input Liquid Flow Rate together with the Disturbance Modeling Principle, a Disturbance Accommodating Controller is designed and implemented on a pilot plant. Experimental results are presented and some conclusions and perspectives are drawn.

Published
1999

43. Robust nonlinear control of a class of partially observed processes: Application to continuous bioreactors

Author

Alain Rapaport, Jérôme Harmand, Analyse des Systèmes et Biométrie (ASB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
Output feedback, [SDE] Environmental Sciences, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Mathematical optimization, Engineering, Class (set theory), business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 02 engineering and technology, Nonlinear control, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Nonlinear system, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 020401 chemical engineering, Control theory, Bounded function, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Bioreactor, Process control, 0204 chemical engineering, Robust control, business, CONTROLE
Abstract

We study the design of dynamic nonlinear robust output feedback for the stabilization of a class of continuously stirred bioreactors. In this paper, we propose a new robust approach in which all the uncertainties are considered as bounded disturbances. This method allows one to design dynamically bounds on unmeasured variables, that are conditioned to measurements and to given bounds on initial conditions.

Published
1998

44. Robust interval-based SISO regulation under maximum uncertainty conditions in an anaerobic digester

Author

Jérôme Harmand, Jean-Philippe Steyer, Victor Alcaraz-Gonzalez, Víctor González-Álvarez, Carlos Pelayo-Ortiz, and Alain Rapaport

Subjects
Nonlinear system, Work (thermodynamics), Engineering, Exponential stability, Wastewater, Control theory, business.industry, Bioreactor, Process control, Robust control, business, Anaerobic exercise
Abstract

A robust regulation law is proposed for the stabilization of an anaerobic digester for the treatment of organic wastewater. This process exhibits a highly nonlinear dynamic behavior with poorly known parameters. In addition, it must work under an uncertain environment with the presence of unknown inputs. Supporting some structural and operational conditions, this regulation law exponentially stabilizes the regulated variable around its nominal value in the presence of uncertainty and input disturbances. Experimental results are presented using a 1 m/sup 3/ continuous fixed bed anaerobic bioreactor used for the treatment of industrial wine distillery wastewater.

45. Evaluation of a rule-based control strategy for an equalization facility with technical/physical constraints

Author

Peter A. Vanrolleghem, B Vanderhaegen, Bob De Clercq, and Jérôme Harmand

Subjects
Engineering, Control theory, business.industry, Robustness (computer science), Control (management), Equalization (audio), Process (computing), Rule-based system, Variance (accounting), business, Reliability engineering
Abstract

This paper demonstrates the evaluation of a rule-based control strategy for an equalization facility in front of an industrial wastewater treatment plant. The control goal is not only to dampen the flow rate but also the waste concentration and the load since its huge influence on the subsequent processes. This is complicated by the technical and financial constraints of the process. Overall, the equalization strategy consists of 32 rules in the basic configuration to which 25 rules are added to deal with the occurrence of pump failures that can be detected automatically. By means of simulation it was possible to evaluate the control performance. A 10-fold decrease of variance of flow rate, waste concentration and load was reached.

46. On-line estimation of unmeasured inputs for anaerobic process described by interpolated L.T.I. Models

Author

Jérôme Harmand, Jean-Christophe Ponsart, Didier Theilliol, and Christophe Aubrun

Subjects
Engineering, Nonlinear system, Software, Pilot plant, Control theory, business.industry, Line (geometry), Probabilistic logic, Process (computing), Kalman filter, business, Weighting
Abstract

A method for unknown input estimation in nonlinear stochastic system is presented. A key problem in bioprocess systems is the absence, in some cases, of reliable on line measurements for real time monitoring applications. In this paper, a software sensor for an anaerobic digester is presented. Unmeasured components of the influent are estimated from available on line measurements. Based on a multiple model scheme, a bank of unknown input Kalman filters are discussed to estimate a probabilistic weighting state and unknown input of the process. The performances of the method are tested in simulation using a validated model of an anaerobic fixed bed pilot plant.

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