Search

This paper presents the research data on methane distribution in the area of the most noticeable gas discharges in the Deryugin Basin of the Sea of Okhotsk. In the East Deryugin graben, a unique methane seep is known, which spatially coincides with the local authigenic barite-carbonate mineralization. The question of the source nature, which is associated with the methane emission in the studied area, is considered.

The relevance of the research is determined by the need of criteria and schemes development of evaluations of hard-to-recover reserves of the shale oil (accumulated in situ) of source rock formations for reproduction and expansion of resource base of hydrocarbon raw materials of the West Siberian petroleum province. The main aim of the research is to determine a complex of basic geological and geophysical data, a method and technology of regional and areal zonation of source rock depositions by density of shale oil resources, to conduct zonation of the Ust-Tym megadepression. The object of the research is Lower Jurassic Togur source rock and Upper Jurassic Bazhenov source rock depositions of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic section, opened with deep wells in the southeast of Western Siberia. The methods of the research. It is accepted that most of shale oil is localized where source rock depositions are/were in the main zone of oil formation and are more heated-up. Zonation method is based on the method of paleotemperature modeling that allows to reconstruct thermal history of source rock depositions, to allocate and map hot spots of oil generation according to geothermal criteria. Evaluation of the oil generation resources is defined by an integrated indicator which depends directly on time of source rock formation discovery in the main zone of oil formation and on its geotemperatures. The results. The authors demonstrated initial geological and geophysical data, methodological approach, scheme and results of zonation of Togur and Bazhenov formations of the Ust-Tym megadepression fulfilled for the first time by density of shale oil resources. The promising lands for shale oil of the Bazhenov formation are the zone of a threefold joint of the Sampatsky mesodeflection, Parabel megamonoklin and North-Parabel megamonoklin and the zone of a threefold joint of Negotsky mesodeflection, Aleksandrov arch and Karaminsky mesosaddle. The promising lands for shale oil of togur formation are shown in the zone of a joint of the central and southwest parts of the Ust-Tym megadepression with North-Parabel megamonoklin. Zonation reliability is confirmed by oil inflows when hydraulic fracturing Yu0 occurs in the Snezhnoe field and by drilling results of East-Paydugin № 1 appraisal well.

The relevance of the research is determined by the need of criteria and schemes development of evaluations of hard-to-recover reserves of the shale oil (accumulated in situ) of source rock formations for reproduction and expansion of resource base of hydrocarbon raw materials of the West Siberian petroleum province. The main aim of the research is to determine a complex of basic geological and geophysical data, a method and technology of regional and areal zonation of source rock depositions by density of shale oil resources, to conduct zonation of the Ust-Tym megadepression. The object of the research is Lower Jurassic Togur source rock and Upper Jurassic Bazhenov source rock depositions of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic section, opened with deep wells in the southeast of Western Siberia. The methods of the research. It is accepted that most of shale oil is localized where source rock depositions are/were in the main zone of oil formation and are more heated-up. Zonation method is based on the method of paleotemperature modeling that allows to reconstruct thermal history of source rock depositions, to allocate and map hot spots of oil generation according to geothermal criteria. Evaluation of the oil generation resources is defined by an integrated indicator which depends directly on time of source rock formation discovery in the main zone of oil formation and on its geotemperatures. The results. The authors demonstrated initial geological and geophysical data, methodological approach, scheme and results of zonation of Togur and Bazhenov formations of the Ust-Tym megadepression fulfilled for the first time by density of shale oil resources. The promising lands for shale oil of the Bazhenov formation are the zone of a threefold joint of the Sampatsky mesodeflection, Parabel megamonoklin and North-Parabel megamonoklin and the zone of a threefold joint of Negotsky mesodeflection, Aleksandrov arch and Karaminsky mesosaddle. The promising lands for shale oil of togur formation are shown in the zone of a joint of the central and southwest parts of the Ust-Tym megadepression with North-Parabel megamonoklin. Zonation reliability is confirmed by oil inflows when hydraulic fracturing Yu0 occurs in the Snezhnoe field and by drilling results of East-Paydugin № 1 appraisal well.

The relevance. Traditional technologies of underground development of ore deposits are characterized by irretrievable losses of non-commercial reserves in the ground. The alternative to traditional technologies is the technology of metals leaching in underground conditions without extracting the earth's surface, allowing production of non-commercial reserves. The aim of the study is to prove technical and economic feasibility of leaching metals from sub-standard metal-bearing minerals while solving the problems related to this. Method of the study problem is based on the analysis of the results of the industrial-experimental leaching non-commercial ores, and commercial ones on rocky fields with the investigation of metal extraction in product solution due to the technological exposure of a re+ agent solution on metal ores. Results. The authors have proposed the algorithm of combining the alternative technologies of underground mining with the development of a compensation space for crushing non-commercial ores by excavating commercial ones; justified the principle of combining the technologies of mine treatment in traditional way and underground one with selective extraction of a part of commercial ores and formation of the compensation space required for fragmentation, where the non-commercial ore is removed with further leaching. The paper introduces the detailed understanding of the main processes of a new technology: blasting, draw, irrigation and intensification of leaching, and demonstrates the benefits of engaging non-commercial ores in manufacture by a new technology, including the utilization of mineral resources, strengthening the resource base, reducing the burden on the environment. Conclusions. Combination of technologies which allows extracting a part of commercial ores for factory processing and averaging the content of non-commercial ores to the acceptable value within leaching, meets the interests of resource and nature preservation and it is a promising direction of strengthening the raw material base of mining industry, revitalizing the economy and addressing the environ-mental and social problems.

The relevance. Traditional technologies of underground development of ore deposits are characterized by irretrievable losses of non-commercial reserves in the ground. The alternative to traditional technologies is the technology of metals leaching in underground conditions without extracting the earth's surface, allowing production of non-commercial reserves. The aim of the study is to prove technical and economic feasibility of leaching metals from sub-standard metal-bearing minerals while solving the problems related to this. Method of the study problem is based on the analysis of the results of the industrial-experimental leaching non-commercial ores, and commercial ones on rocky fields with the investigation of metal extraction in product solution due to the technological exposure of a re+ agent solution on metal ores. Results. The authors have proposed the algorithm of combining the alternative technologies of underground mining with the development of a compensation space for crushing non-commercial ores by excavating commercial ones; justified the principle of combining the technologies of mine treatment in traditional way and underground one with selective extraction of a part of commercial ores and formation of the compensation space required for fragmentation, where the non-commercial ore is removed with further leaching. The paper introduces the detailed understanding of the main processes of a new technology: blasting, draw, irrigation and intensification of leaching, and demonstrates the benefits of engaging non-commercial ores in manufacture by a new technology, including the utilization of mineral resources, strengthening the resource base, reducing the burden on the environment. Conclusions. Combination of technologies which allows extracting a part of commercial ores for factory processing and averaging the content of non-commercial ores to the acceptable value within leaching, meets the interests of resource and nature preservation and it is a promising direction of strengthening the raw material base of mining industry, revitalizing the economy and addressing the environ-mental and social problems.

Relevance. Traditional beneficiation processes do not provide full disclosure of minerals due to the design parameters of the equipment, so they are modernized by attracting operations of hydrometallurgical and chemical processing, which increase the efficiency of enrichment due to application of a new kind of energy, for example, technology of chemical leaching of metals. The direction of increasing the volume of production of metals by leaching non-conforming raw materials and wastes of mining and processing in piles, which is used to produce copper, gold, uranium, becomes more relevant. The aim of the study is the proof of ecological-economic efficiency of leaching of non-conforming raw materials and wastes of mining and processing in a pile and substantiation of their prospects. Methods of the research include analysis and synthesis of results of previously performed theoretical and experimental studies and those borrowed from the literature, patent data in analysis modeling. Results. In the complex «hydrometallurgy and ore leaching» the least cost of the product is achieved when the uranium content in ore is 0,08 %. At increasing uranium content without growth in ore production output the rate of production decreases due to low recoveries of uranium and duration of leaching. Calculation of irrigation parameters is based on the laws of infiltration hydrodynamics and correlations between the solvent, its concentration and wetting zone diameter. Analytical modeling of leaching efficiency was implemented in designing low-grade ores processing in a specific field. The distinctive feature of the project is in cascade location of the equipment for gravity movement of the material. The processes are arranged according to the principle of maximum reduction of process pumping, trails of technological pipelines and other utilities. The practice of dumping leaching tailings contributes to development of waste natural leaching with migration of liquid chemical components in crust layers and gas ones - into atmosphere, that decreases uranium leaching rates in a pile, reducing it to the level of work in progress with the complexity of possibilities of deep disposal. Conclusions. After leaching in a pile, uranium content in leaching tailings remains high enough to be considered as poor ore with radiation impact on the environment. A promising direction for wasteless recovery of metals from sub-standard materials is a combination of chemical processing and mechanical activation in leaching.

Relevance. Traditional beneficiation processes do not provide full disclosure of minerals due to the design parameters of the equipment, so they are modernized by attracting operations of hydrometallurgical and chemical processing, which increase the efficiency of enrichment due to application of a new kind of energy, for example, technology of chemical leaching of metals. The direction of increasing the volume of production of metals by leaching non-conforming raw materials and wastes of mining and processing in piles, which is used to produce copper, gold, uranium, becomes more relevant. The aim of the study is the proof of ecological-economic efficiency of leaching of non-conforming raw materials and wastes of mining and processing in a pile and substantiation of their prospects. Methods of the research include analysis and synthesis of results of previously performed theoretical and experimental studies and those borrowed from the literature, patent data in analysis modeling. Results. In the complex «hydrometallurgy and ore leaching» the least cost of the product is achieved when the uranium content in ore is 0,08 %. At increasing uranium content without growth in ore production output the rate of production decreases due to low recoveries of uranium and duration of leaching. Calculation of irrigation parameters is based on the laws of infiltration hydrodynamics and correlations between the solvent, its concentration and wetting zone diameter. Analytical modeling of leaching efficiency was implemented in designing low-grade ores processing in a specific field. The distinctive feature of the project is in cascade location of the equipment for gravity movement of the material. The processes are arranged according to the principle of maximum reduction of process pumping, trails of technological pipelines and other utilities. The practice of dumping leaching tailings contributes to development of waste natural leaching with migration of liquid chemical components in crust layers and gas ones - into atmosphere, that decreases uranium leaching rates in a pile, reducing it to the level of work in progress with the complexity of possibilities of deep disposal. Conclusions. After leaching in a pile, uranium content in leaching tailings remains high enough to be considered as poor ore with radiation impact on the environment. A promising direction for wasteless recovery of metals from sub-standard materials is a combination of chemical processing and mechanical activation in leaching.

The relevance of the research. The problem of mining field development quality is aggravating in new economic management conditions. The need to preserve the earth's surface, reduce ore losses and amount of diluting rocks can be ensured by filling out the space with hardening mixtures. This opportunity is limited by high-value components of hardening mixtures, which can be reduced by using mining waste. The desired effect is achieved by a rational use of properties of natural and man-made arrays. Objectives of the study: to justify the possibility of losses reduction in interchamber pillars while regulating the stress in the array by means of ore pillars backwater with hardening mixtures. The objective is achieved by resolving a problem of geomechanical stress estimation in the array depending on the mining and use of hardening mixtures mechanism for stress regulation. Methods used in the research. The stress state of the array in various phases of its weakening by sewage treatment works is studied with a photoelastic method on the models of optically active polyurethane with a variable coefficient of lateral thrust while maintaining the rest of the model parameters. The results. The authors found that when the stress level is maintained ore pillar losses can be reduced by decreasing the size of pillars by an amount depending on the amount of developed space, physical and mechanical properties of ores and strength of hardening mixtures. Backwater with hardening mixtures reduces the stress level in the vicinity of the stopes by a certain value that comprehensively improves the economic and environmental performance of underground mining, reducing losses in the interior of the earth.

The paper is devoted to solving an urgent problem of increasing energy efficiency of gas transportation. The main aim of the study is to create a computational model of gas transport with adequate accuracy and reasonable computational complexity for solving the problem of optimal load distribution between the equipment of compressor stations of the gas-main pipeline. The methods used in the study. The analytical model of the process, which was originally formulated as the heat equation taking into account the spatial distribution of the flow temperature, is presented in the form of distributed system transfer functions using the methods of structural theory of distributed systems. The problem is considered in one-dimensional formulation, the mutual influence of temperature fields of flow and soil is described by including the corresponding components in the right sides of the equations. Computer modeling and parametric identification of the system are made with the software for numerical simulation of nonlinear dynamic systems with lumped parameters. The transition from a distributed representation to multicoupling system is realized due to an approximation of the distributed signals along the spatial axis. Accuracy of the approximation depends on the quantity of temperature measuring points along the length of the gas-main pipeline. The identification of the system is based on the results of the passive experiment. The results. The authors introduced an approach to the development of a computer model of the gas temperature at the outlet of the gas-main pipeline that takes into account the spatial distributed process of the gas flow heat loss. The model takes into account the flow rate change, the mutual influence of temperature fields of the soil and the gas flow, the influence of the air temperature. The results of the identification of the model are given. The analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the developed model is made. Developed computational model of gas transport on the gas-main pipeline has all the necessary parameters for its using for optimizing operating modes of equipment of the gas-main pipeline compressor stations.

Relevance of the research is caused by the necessity to optimize the operation of multi-pay wells with electric-centrifugal pumps using layers individual parameters. The aim of the research is to analyze the information content and to improve the technique of complex production-geophysical studies of multi-pay wells equipped with «Y-Tool» bypasses; to develop, approve and implement the method for monitoring the individual parameters of the tapped marginal layers to obtain the reliable information on production profile along the wellbore; to recommend the activities to optimize production basing on monitoring results, sweep efficiency and production enhancement. Research methods: mathematical modeling of temperature and pressure fields in producing well, well testing and production logging, interpretation and complex analysis of all tests. Results. It was ascertained that it is possible to assess the productive layers rates by the results of thermometry at multi-pay well operation at pressure drawdown (applying the «Y-Tool» bypasses) with the collectors of low permeability. The most efficient thing in the considered conditions is the assessment of the rates outside the intervals of operating wells. Periodical surveys allow controlling the dynamic of layers depletion. The authors analyzed the temperature surveys at different times along with permanent pressure gauges data to dynamically monitor individual layers parameters (rates, pressures, skin etc). Analysis results are successfully used to optimize production.

The relevance of the discussed issue is caused by the need of researching petro-geochemistry and petrologic peculiarities of gabbrogranitoid massifs of Makarevskii range which are related spatially to gold occurrence. The main aim of the research is to study geological, petrological, geochemical features of all rock types of Ust-Belovskii complex in the range using canonic classification and experimental diagrams, which allow solving genetic problems. The methods used in the study. Rare and scattered elements were determined in rocks by inductively coupled plasma method on the mass spectrometry «ОРTIMA-4300», for Cu, Zn, Pb, Li - by the methods of ISP-AES, the rest elements, including REE, were determined by ISP-MS methods in the VSEGEI Laboratory (St-Petersburg). Absolute age of granitoids was defined by U-Pb method SHRIMP II by zircon in the VSEGEI Laboratory (St-Petersburg). Gold and bismuth were defined by the neutron-activation method in the Laboratory OI-GaG SO RAN (Novosibirsk). Results. The authors have corrected the absolute age of granitoids formation in Ust-Belovskii complexin Makarevskii range, it is 349?353+12,0 for Sosnovskii and Makarevskii massifs. The paper describes a direct zoning in intrusive massifs formation. 5 phases were detached in composition of intrusive: gabbro, diorites, tonalities, trondhjemites, leucogranites. More evolution phases of leucogranites are located in the center of massif but early gabbros are on the periphery. The authors estimated different petrochemical coefficients, indices, modules for the rocks of the complex used for decoding the genesis. Granitoids of range refer to high silica adakiticgranitoids. The ratios of strontium isotopes (87Sr/86 Sr for granodiorites of Makarevskii massif is 0,711(0,712) are identified by mantle nature of melts, formed with crust material contamination. Gabbro of early phase of Makarevskii range were probably generated by partial melting of slab, represented by fluid-metasomatized mantle peridotite. More late derivatesare indebted to mixing of basaltic and adakitic parent magmas. Generation of high silica adakites is related to direct melting of subducted oceanic crust, transformed at immersion into amphibolites and eclogites. Adakiticgranitoids of Makarevskii range were formed by partial melting (melting degrees is about 50 %) of 10 % garnet amphibolites. High fluid-saturation of melts resulted in transformation of ratios of many elements at occurrence of tetradic effect of M- and W-types REE fractionation. The paper indicates the space and paragenetic relation of different types of gold ore mineralization with granitoids of Makarevskii range.

The authors have studied the possibility of imparting shielding properties to the coating based on polyester powder paint by adding stainless steel powder and mechanical treatment of the powder mixture in a planetary ball mill to protect the magnesium alloys. Properties of the mixtures, structure and physical-mechanical characteristics of coatings were investigated at variation of the treatment time and the filler weight fraction. The ultimate goal of the studies was to optimize the structure and properties of the coatings while keeping their physical and mechanical properties at initial level as well as by providing them with a new functional grade - shielding of electromagnetic radiation (EM-radiation). The mechanical treatment was performed in a planetary ball mill MF 4/0,5 at the total rotation speed of steel bawls of 800 rev/min. Filler particles and powder paint were put in the required amounts into the planetary mill where they were jointly mechanically treated for 20...80 min with a time step of 10 min. The effect of the mechanical treatment time on powder mixture properties were evaluated by measurement of the bulk density. As a result of complex tests simulating various atmospheric and mechanical impacts, it was found that the designed coating with a filler content of 12,5 wt. % and time of the powder mixture treatment in a planetary mill of 40 minutes ensures the formation of the coating film with the thickness of 70 μm possessing the required functional and protective characteristics. Thus, the suggested technique for coating formation on products made of magnesium alloys, which consist of: adding shielding filler, treatment of the powder mixture in a planetary ball mill and electrostatic spraying, can be used to protect spacecraft electronics to operate in the open space. The results of the researches carried out can be used in the applied tasks of geotechnologies when designing the equipment, used at space vehicles for monitoring and exploring mineral sources.

The relevance of the research is caused by the need to develop the criteria and effective schemes of quantitative assessment of resources - prospects of petroleum of West Siberian petroleum province territories having unique late quaternary paleoclimate features. In the review of the problem of improving the technique to calculate the resources of hydrocarbons by the volume and genetic method the authors have determined the major paleoclimate factors: 1) the century course of temperatures on a terrestrial surface; 2) formation and degradation of Neo-Pleistocene thickness of permafrost rock; 3) late quaternary glacial covers. The main aim of the research is to define the influence of the second factor of a paleoclimate - Neo-Pleistocene permafrost thickness - on the settlement geothermal regime and extent of implementation of their generative potential of petromaternal deposits on the example of the Bazhenov suite of the southeast of Western Siberia. Object of researches is Bazhenov deposits of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic section, opened with deep wells in the southeast of Western Siberia (the Luginetskaya field of the Tomsk region, the Verkh-Tarsky field of the Novosibirsk region). The technique of researches is based on a method of paleotemperature modeling - the solution of the return and direct problems of a non-stationary geothermal in the conditions of sedimentation, on diversity paleotectonic and paleotemperature reconstructions, on the assessment of the reconstruction results compliance to the criteria of optimality of geophysics return problem solution, on the assessment of coherence degree of the settlement centers of oil generation with the established petroleum potential of mineral resources. Research results. It was ascertained that the accounting of Neo-Pleistocene permafrost with about 300 m power is necessary and it is preferable to apply the «local» (regional) century course of temperatures on a terrestrial surface to adequate recovery of thermal history of petromaternal deposits on еру lands of the southeast of Western Siberia. This allows considering more correctly the history of the main phase of oil formation, both without underestimating (to 25-30 %) the settlement of hydrocarbon resources obtained by the volume and genetic method. The conclusion is drawn that the interdisciplinary approach (petroleum geology, geophysics and a paleoclimatology) can provide the development of the resource efficient technology of searching and investigating hydrocarbons.

The relevance of the research is caused by the need to improve a technique of assessing the hydrocarbon resources by the volume and genetic method based on paleoreconstruction of geotemperature mode of petromaternal deposits. The main aim of the research is to assess the influence of the century course of temperatures on Earth surface on geothermal mode of petromaternal deposits of the southeast of Western Siberia, on the extent of realization of their generative potential. Objects of researches: average annual temperatures in the Mesozoic and the Cenozoic of the southern paleoclimatic zone of Western Siberia, Bazhenov deposits of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic section opened with deep wells at latitudes of Tomsk and Novosibirsk areas. Methods of researches: the analytical report of reconstruction of the century course of temperatures on a day surface in the Mesozoic Cenozoic executed with application of an actualistic method; a method of paleotemperature modeling for a quantitative assessment of influence of a paleoclimate factor on the geothermal mode of maternal deposits and intensity of generation of hydrocarbons. Research results. The authors have synthesized the geographical and geochronological of the data on the century course of temperatures on Earth surface of the southeast of Western Siberia published in the period of 1974-2011. The data were obtained by a number of authors on the basis of the comparative-historical analysis of sedimentary thicknesses lithology, flora areas, and materials of isotope and magnesia thermometry. For the southern paleoclimatic zone (Tomsk, Novosibirsk and Omsk areas) the «local» century course of temperatures on a terrestrial surface, since the Jurassic time, was constructed. By geotemperature criterion the authors allocated the centers of intensive generation the Bazhenov oil by paleotemperature modeling of sedimentary cover, including petromaternal deposits; calculated and the analyzed the distribution of oil resources relative density. The quantitative assessment of paleoclimate influence on geothermal mode and extent of realization of generative capacity of the Bazhenov suite, the hydrocarbons of petroleum potential complexes of Tomsk and Novosibirsk oil fields forming deposits was received. It is shown that without considering paleoclimate it is impossible to restore adequately thermal history of maternal deposits that may underestimate to 2 times or more the value of the estimated resources by a volume and genetic method. Use of the "local" century course of temperatures on the Earth surface increases the efficiency of technology for defining the expected resources, allows considering more correctly the history of the main phase of oil formation, both without overestimating/underestimating (to 30-40 %) the settlement resources. The paper demonstrates the continuity and scientific and practical importance of combination of a comparative-historical (actualistic) method of classical geology and a new method of exploration geophysics - geothermics - when solving the problems of assessing hydrocarbon resources.

As a result of researches within the framework of the Federal Target Program «Researches and developments on priority directions of scientifictechnological complex of Russia for 2007-2013» the search strategy of oilperspective objects in preJurassic complex in central part of Western Siberia was developed and proposed, the bases of research technology were established. The authors have carried out marketing researches to analyze the competitive environment, to define consumers and to estimate the efficiency, to develop the implementation reference. Analysis of external documentation and technicaleconomic analysis of the research results was used as the research techniques. By the example of three fields in KhantyMansiysk Autonomous District it was shown that the new strategy provides the increase of resources growth to 60 %, capital costs decrease by 16 % and geological prospecting risk reduce. The strategy can be applied for regional studies, prospecting work and revaluation of oil field areas resources, subsoil licensing. The potential customers are the companies developing the Lower Jurassic fields and deposits. Resource efficiency of the strategy consists in ability to buildup resource base on the lands which already possess the functions of oil fields with the developed infrastructure, reducing costs on field construction and excluding costs on external communications

Relevance of the work is caused by the lack of sciencebased physical mechanism of dynamic introduction at rock cutting with chippingrocks cutters at operation of rock cutting action tool. Objectives: to develop a new method of complex sciencebased evaluation of dynamic fracture process effectiveness at operation of new cutting action tools; to analyze new concepts and theoretical study of the problems of rock destruction with cutting action tools. Methods: To study the works devoted to rock destruction with new cutting action tools the authors have used the system oriented approach. Analytical and experimental studies of transient and steady modes both of a single tool, and drilling tools in general, based on scientific and mathematical modeling of physical processes and the provisions of theoretical mechanics, strength of materials, the kinetic theory of strength. Comparative experimental study of the processes and mechanisms of static and dynamic implementation when cutting rock with a single destructive element based on application of the developed experimental station having original technical and technological solutions and necessary evaluate accuracy of measurement results of digital force measuring system KistlerTM. Results: The authors studied practical and scientific feasibility of developing the indicator of rock "dynamic hardness" for objective evaluation of their behavior at operation of cutting tools. It is proved that the development and use of a new indicator rock "dynamic hard ness" and methods of its experimental determination are the relevant methodological steps in development of assessment technology for rock strength properties at operation of cutting action tools for practical needs of the exploration drilling industry

The paper is devoted to solving an urgent problem of increasing energy efficiency of gas transportation. The main aim of the study is to create a computational model of gas transport with adequate accuracy and reasonable computational complexity for solving the problem of optimal load distribution between the equipment of compressor stations of the gas-main pipeline. The methods used in the study. The analytical model of the process, which was originally formulated as the heat equation taking into account the spatial distribution of the flow temperature, is presented in the form of distributed system transfer functions using the methods of structural theory of distributed systems. The problem is considered in one-dimensional formulation, the mutual influence of temperature fields of flow and soil is described by including the corresponding components in the right sides of the equations. Computer modeling and parametric identification of the system are made with the software for numerical simulation of nonlinear dynamic systems with lumped parameters. The transition from a distributed representation to multicoupling system is realized due to an approximation of the distributed signals along the spatial axis. Accuracy of the approximation depends on the quantity of temperature measuring points along the length of the gas-main pipeline. The identification of the system is based on the results of the passive experiment. The results. The authors introduced an approach to the development of a computer model of the gas temperature at the outlet of the gas-main pipeline that takes into account the spatial distributed process of the gas flow heat loss. The model takes into account the flow rate change, the mutual influence of temperature fields of the soil and the gas flow, the influence of the air temperature. The results of the identification of the model are given. The analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the developed model is made. Developed computational model of gas transport on the gas-main pipeline has all the necessary parameters for its using for optimizing operating modes of equipment of the gas-main pipeline compressor stations.

The relevance of the research. The problem of mining field development quality is aggravating in new economic management conditions. The need to preserve the earth's surface, reduce ore losses and amount of diluting rocks can be ensured by filling out the space with hardening mixtures. This opportunity is limited by high-value components of hardening mixtures, which can be reduced by using mining waste. The desired effect is achieved by a rational use of properties of natural and man-made arrays. Objectives of the study: to justify the possibility of losses reduction in interchamber pillars while regulating the stress in the array by means of ore pillars backwater with hardening mixtures. The objective is achieved by resolving a problem of geomechanical stress estimation in the array depending on the mining and use of hardening mixtures mechanism for stress regulation. Methods used in the research. The stress state of the array in various phases of its weakening by sewage treatment works is studied with a photoelastic method on the models of optically active polyurethane with a variable coefficient of lateral thrust while maintaining the rest of the model parameters. The results. The authors found that when the stress level is maintained ore pillar losses can be reduced by decreasing the size of pillars by an amount depending on the amount of developed space, physical and mechanical properties of ores and strength of hardening mixtures. Backwater with hardening mixtures reduces the stress level in the vicinity of the stopes by a certain value that comprehensively improves the economic and environmental performance of underground mining, reducing losses in the interior of the earth.

The authors have studied the possibility of imparting shielding properties to the coating based on polyester powder paint by adding stainless steel powder and mechanical treatment of the powder mixture in a planetary ball mill to protect the magnesium alloys. Properties of the mixtures, structure and physical-mechanical characteristics of coatings were investigated at variation of the treatment time and the filler weight fraction. The ultimate goal of the studies was to optimize the structure and properties of the coatings while keeping their physical and mechanical properties at initial level as well as by providing them with a new functional grade - shielding of electromagnetic radiation (EM-radiation). The mechanical treatment was performed in a planetary ball mill MF 4/0,5 at the total rotation speed of steel bawls of 800 rev/min. Filler particles and powder paint were put in the required amounts into the planetary mill where they were jointly mechanically treated for 20...80 min with a time step of 10 min. The effect of the mechanical treatment time on powder mixture properties were evaluated by measurement of the bulk density. As a result of complex tests simulating various atmospheric and mechanical impacts, it was found that the designed coating with a filler content of 12,5 wt. % and time of the powder mixture treatment in a planetary mill of 40 minutes ensures the formation of the coating film with the thickness of 70 μm possessing the required functional and protective characteristics. Thus, the suggested technique for coating formation on products made of magnesium alloys, which consist of: adding shielding filler, treatment of the powder mixture in a planetary ball mill and electrostatic spraying, can be used to protect spacecraft electronics to operate in the open space. The results of the researches carried out can be used in the applied tasks of geotechnologies when designing the equipment, used at space vehicles for monitoring and exploring mineral sources.

Relevance of the research is caused by the necessity to optimize the operation of multi-pay wells with electric-centrifugal pumps using layers individual parameters. The aim of the research is to analyze the information content and to improve the technique of complex production-geophysical studies of multi-pay wells equipped with «Y-Tool» bypasses; to develop, approve and implement the method for monitoring the individual parameters of the tapped marginal layers to obtain the reliable information on production profile along the wellbore; to recommend the activities to optimize production basing on monitoring results, sweep efficiency and production enhancement. Research methods: mathematical modeling of temperature and pressure fields in producing well, well testing and production logging, interpretation and complex analysis of all tests. Results. It was ascertained that it is possible to assess the productive layers rates by the results of thermometry at multi-pay well operation at pressure drawdown (applying the «Y-Tool» bypasses) with the collectors of low permeability. The most efficient thing in the considered conditions is the assessment of the rates outside the intervals of operating wells. Periodical surveys allow controlling the dynamic of layers depletion. The authors analyzed the temperature surveys at different times along with permanent pressure gauges data to dynamically monitor individual layers parameters (rates, pressures, skin etc). Analysis results are successfully used to optimize production.

The relevance of the discussed issue is caused by the need of researching petro-geochemistry and petrologic peculiarities of gabbrogranitoid massifs of Makarevskii range which are related spatially to gold occurrence. The main aim of the research is to study geological, petrological, geochemical features of all rock types of Ust-Belovskii complex in the range using canonic classification and experimental diagrams, which allow solving genetic problems. The methods used in the study. Rare and scattered elements were determined in rocks by inductively coupled plasma method on the mass spectrometry «ОРTIMA-4300», for Cu, Zn, Pb, Li - by the methods of ISP-AES, the rest elements, including REE, were determined by ISP-MS methods in the VSEGEI Laboratory (St-Petersburg). Absolute age of granitoids was defined by U-Pb method SHRIMP II by zircon in the VSEGEI Laboratory (St-Petersburg). Gold and bismuth were defined by the neutron-activation method in the Laboratory OI-GaG SO RAN (Novosibirsk). Results. The authors have corrected the absolute age of granitoids formation in Ust-Belovskii complexin Makarevskii range, it is 349?353+12,0 for Sosnovskii and Makarevskii massifs. The paper describes a direct zoning in intrusive massifs formation. 5 phases were detached in composition of intrusive: gabbro, diorites, tonalities, trondhjemites, leucogranites. More evolution phases of leucogranites are located in the center of massif but early gabbros are on the periphery. The authors estimated different petrochemical coefficients, indices, modules for the rocks of the complex used for decoding the genesis. Granitoids of range refer to high silica adakiticgranitoids. The ratios of strontium isotopes (87Sr/86 Sr for granodiorites of Makarevskii massif is 0,711(0,712) are identified by mantle nature of melts, formed with crust material contamination. Gabbro of early phase of Makarevskii range were probably generated by partial melting of slab, represented by fluid-metasomatized mantle peridotite. More late derivatesare indebted to mixing of basaltic and adakitic parent magmas. Generation of high silica adakites is related to direct melting of subducted oceanic crust, transformed at immersion into amphibolites and eclogites. Adakiticgranitoids of Makarevskii range were formed by partial melting (melting degrees is about 50 %) of 10 % garnet amphibolites. High fluid-saturation of melts resulted in transformation of ratios of many elements at occurrence of tetradic effect of M- and W-types REE fractionation. The paper indicates the space and paragenetic relation of different types of gold ore mineralization with granitoids of Makarevskii range.

The relevance of the research is caused by the need to develop the criteria and effective schemes of quantitative assessment of resources - prospects of petroleum of West Siberian petroleum province territories having unique late quaternary paleoclimate features. In the review of the problem of improving the technique to calculate the resources of hydrocarbons by the volume and genetic method the authors have determined the major paleoclimate factors: 1) the century course of temperatures on a terrestrial surface; 2) formation and degradation of Neo-Pleistocene thickness of permafrost rock; 3) late quaternary glacial covers. The main aim of the research is to define the influence of the second factor of a paleoclimate - Neo-Pleistocene permafrost thickness - on the settlement geothermal regime and extent of implementation of their generative potential of petromaternal deposits on the example of the Bazhenov suite of the southeast of Western Siberia. Object of researches is Bazhenov deposits of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic section, opened with deep wells in the southeast of Western Siberia (the Luginetskaya field of the Tomsk region, the Verkh-Tarsky field of the Novosibirsk region). The technique of researches is based on a method of paleotemperature modeling - the solution of the return and direct problems of a non-stationary geothermal in the conditions of sedimentation, on diversity paleotectonic and paleotemperature reconstructions, on the assessment of the reconstruction results compliance to the criteria of optimality of geophysics return problem solution, on the assessment of coherence degree of the settlement centers of oil generation with the established petroleum potential of mineral resources. Research results. It was ascertained that the accounting of Neo-Pleistocene permafrost with about 300 m power is necessary and it is preferable to apply the «local» (regional) century course of temperatures on a terrestrial surface to adequate recovery of thermal history of petromaternal deposits on еру lands of the southeast of Western Siberia. This allows considering more correctly the history of the main phase of oil formation, both without underestimating (to 25-30 %) the settlement of hydrocarbon resources obtained by the volume and genetic method. The conclusion is drawn that the interdisciplinary approach (petroleum geology, geophysics and a paleoclimatology) can provide the development of the resource efficient technology of searching and investigating hydrocarbons.

The relevance of the research is caused by the need to improve a technique of assessing the hydrocarbon resources by the volume and genetic method based on paleoreconstruction of geotemperature mode of petromaternal deposits. The main aim of the research is to assess the influence of the century course of temperatures on Earth surface on geothermal mode of petromaternal deposits of the southeast of Western Siberia, on the extent of realization of their generative potential. Objects of researches: average annual temperatures in the Mesozoic and the Cenozoic of the southern paleoclimatic zone of Western Siberia, Bazhenov deposits of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic section opened with deep wells at latitudes of Tomsk and Novosibirsk areas. Methods of researches: the analytical report of reconstruction of the century course of temperatures on a day surface in the Mesozoic Cenozoic executed with application of an actualistic method; a method of paleotemperature modeling for a quantitative assessment of influence of a paleoclimate factor on the geothermal mode of maternal deposits and intensity of generation of hydrocarbons. Research results. The authors have synthesized the geographical and geochronological of the data on the century course of temperatures on Earth surface of the southeast of Western Siberia published in the period of 1974-2011. The data were obtained by a number of authors on the basis of the comparative-historical analysis of sedimentary thicknesses lithology, flora areas, and materials of isotope and magnesia thermometry. For the southern paleoclimatic zone (Tomsk, Novosibirsk and Omsk areas) the «local» century course of temperatures on a terrestrial surface, since the Jurassic time, was constructed. By geotemperature criterion the authors allocated the centers of intensive generation the Bazhenov oil by paleotemperature modeling of sedimentary cover, including petromaternal deposits; calculated and the analyzed the distribution of oil resources relative density. The quantitative assessment of paleoclimate influence on geothermal mode and extent of realization of generative capacity of the Bazhenov suite, the hydrocarbons of petroleum potential complexes of Tomsk and Novosibirsk oil fields forming deposits was received. It is shown that without considering paleoclimate it is impossible to restore adequately thermal history of maternal deposits that may underestimate to 2 times or more the value of the estimated resources by a volume and genetic method. Use of the "local" century course of temperatures on the Earth surface increases the efficiency of technology for defining the expected resources, allows considering more correctly the history of the main phase of oil formation, both without overestimating/underestimating (to 30-40 %) the settlement resources. The paper demonstrates the continuity and scientific and practical importance of combination of a comparative-historical (actualistic) method of classical geology and a new method of exploration geophysics - geothermics - when solving the problems of assessing hydrocarbon resources.

Relevance of the work is caused by the lack of sciencebased physical mechanism of dynamic introduction at rock cutting with chippingrocks cutters at operation of rock cutting action tool. Objectives: to develop a new method of complex sciencebased evaluation of dynamic fracture process effectiveness at operation of new cutting action tools; to analyze new concepts and theoretical study of the problems of rock destruction with cutting action tools. Methods: To study the works devoted to rock destruction with new cutting action tools the authors have used the system oriented approach. Analytical and experimental studies of transient and steady modes both of a single tool, and drilling tools in general, based on scientific and mathematical modeling of physical processes and the provisions of theoretical mechanics, strength of materials, the kinetic theory of strength. Comparative experimental study of the processes and mechanisms of static and dynamic implementation when cutting rock with a single destructive element based on application of the developed experimental station having original technical and technological solutions and necessary evaluate accuracy of measurement results of digital force measuring system KistlerTM. Results: The authors studied practical and scientific feasibility of developing the indicator of rock "dynamic hardness" for objective evaluation of their behavior at operation of cutting tools. It is proved that the development and use of a new indicator rock "dynamic hard ness" and methods of its experimental determination are the relevant methodological steps in development of assessment technology for rock strength properties at operation of cutting action tools for practical needs of the exploration drilling industry

As a result of researches within the framework of the Federal Target Program «Researches and developments on priority directions of scientifictechnological complex of Russia for 2007-2013» the search strategy of oilperspective objects in preJurassic complex in central part of Western Siberia was developed and proposed, the bases of research technology were established. The authors have carried out marketing researches to analyze the competitive environment, to define consumers and to estimate the efficiency, to develop the implementation reference. Analysis of external documentation and technicaleconomic analysis of the research results was used as the research techniques. By the example of three fields in KhantyMansiysk Autonomous District it was shown that the new strategy provides the increase of resources growth to 60 %, capital costs decrease by 16 % and geological prospecting risk reduce. The strategy can be applied for regional studies, prospecting work and revaluation of oil field areas resources, subsoil licensing. The potential customers are the companies developing the Lower Jurassic fields and deposits. Resource efficiency of the strategy consists in ability to buildup resource base on the lands which already possess the functions of oil fields with the developed infrastructure, reducing costs on field construction and excluding costs on external communications

The relevance of the work is caused by the need to combine the principles of economic efficiency of array state control while filling the cavities formed when mining and safety of the environment in the area of mineral resource extraction with the increase in volumes of extraction of mineral raw materials for the needs of the growing population. The aim of the research is to develop the parameters of ore extraction technique without filling the cavities with the material. These materials would preserve the earth surface from destruction in the case of rock caving zone yield to the level of pumps for indefinitely long period of time after filling the workings. Research methods: critical analysis of the experience in development of deposits similar in ore localization conditions, physical and mathematical modelling of the production technologies and forecasting the ways of development of technology, experimental determination of the value of a span limited in stability condition. Results. It is shown that the earth surface stability over the filled deposit area after its performance is provided with preventing the possibility of deformation phenomena occurrence. It is proved that the field with the void volume of 2 million m3 can be repaid without filling voids with backfill material. The authors have substantiated the necessity of a more complete accounting of geomechanical factors in assessment of environmental and economic efficiency of extraction of mineral raw materials. The paper introduces the model of estimation of underground mining efficiency depending on the use of properties of ore-bearing massifs. Conclusions. Purposeful use of the properties of ore-bearing massifs largely determines the performance indicators of underground mining. One of the main operational issues is the choice of development options to ensure the safety of the earth surface.

The relevance of the work is caused by the need to combine the principles of economic efficiency of array state control while filling the cavities formed when mining and safety of the environment in the area of mineral resource extraction with the increase in volumes of extraction of mineral raw materials for the needs of the growing population. The aim of the research is to develop the parameters of ore extraction technique without filling the cavities with the material. These materials would preserve the earth surface from destruction in the case of rock caving zone yield to the level of pumps for indefinitely long period of time after filling the workings. Research methods: critical analysis of the experience in development of deposits similar in ore localization conditions, physical and mathematical modelling of the production technologies and forecasting the ways of development of technology, experimental determination of the value of a span limited in stability condition. Results. It is shown that the earth surface stability over the filled deposit area after its performance is provided with preventing the possibility of deformation phenomena occurrence. It is proved that the field with the void volume of 2 million m3 can be repaid without filling voids with backfill material. The authors have substantiated the necessity of a more complete accounting of geomechanical factors in assessment of environmental and economic efficiency of extraction of mineral raw materials. The paper introduces the model of estimation of underground mining efficiency depending on the use of properties of ore-bearing massifs. Conclusions. Purposeful use of the properties of ore-bearing massifs largely determines the performance indicators of underground mining. One of the main operational issues is the choice of development options to ensure the safety of the earth surface.

Relevance. As the enrichment does not allow achieving full disclosure of minerals, they are improved due to additional mechanical operations and chemical processing, which significantly increases the extraction efficiency. Therefore, the direction is relevant due to utilization of large amounts of substandard raw materials by leaching metals. The aim of the study is to develop the concept of mechanochemical leaching of wastes of mining and processing ores. Research methods: critical analysis of best practices in development of similar deposits on publications, laboratory studies of processes in disintegrating install. Object of the study: the combined leaching of metals from waste products using chemical reagents in the cage. The results of the study. The concept of extraction of metals is specified by the method of mechanochemical activation. It is confirmed that the mechanochemical activation allows not only extracting valuable components from waste, but also bringing them up to the required standards. The authors offered the ecological mathematical model for the effective assessing the extraction of ferrous and non-ferrous metals from waste of ores enrichment. The indicators of metal extraction from tailings of metal ores were ascertained. The technology of recycling ore enrichment allowing us to reduce the volume of storages of tails with receiving economic effect is recommended. The paper introduces the method of expanding the mineral resource base of the enterprises by production of raw materials. Conclusions. The extraction of metals to the level of unlimited use by traditional methods is impossible and has the prospects of improvement when combined with chemical technologies. Wasteless extraction of metals is possible with the use of high activation energy in such devices as the disintegrator. The practical use of mechanochemical technology to extract metals from open tailings is a reserve for expanding the raw materials base and recovery of metals production.

Relevance. As the enrichment does not allow achieving full disclosure of minerals, they are improved due to additional mechanical operations and chemical processing, which significantly increases the extraction efficiency. Therefore, the direction is relevant due to utilization of large amounts of substandard raw materials by leaching metals. The aim of the study is to develop the concept of mechanochemical leaching of wastes of mining and processing ores. Research methods: critical analysis of best practices in development of similar deposits on publications, laboratory studies of processes in disintegrating install. Object of the study: the combined leaching of metals from waste products using chemical reagents in the cage. The results of the study. The concept of extraction of metals is specified by the method of mechanochemical activation. It is confirmed that the mechanochemical activation allows not only extracting valuable components from waste, but also bringing them up to the required standards. The authors offered the ecological mathematical model for the effective assessing the extraction of ferrous and non-ferrous metals from waste of ores enrichment. The indicators of metal extraction from tailings of metal ores were ascertained. The technology of recycling ore enrichment allowing us to reduce the volume of storages of tails with receiving economic effect is recommended. The paper introduces the method of expanding the mineral resource base of the enterprises by production of raw materials. Conclusions. The extraction of metals to the level of unlimited use by traditional methods is impossible and has the prospects of improvement when combined with chemical technologies. Wasteless extraction of metals is possible with the use of high activation energy in such devices as the disintegrator. The practical use of mechanochemical technology to extract metals from open tailings is a reserve for expanding the raw materials base and recovery of metals production.

Relevance of the research is caused by the necessity to minimize ore losses in pillars, left for different purposes, for meeting a steadily increasing demand for raw materials to produce metals when ore field development conditions deteriorate. The aim of the research is to study the feasibility and economic viability of using strength and function differentiated faux concrete ceiling instead of ore pillars. Methods: analysis of theoretical heritage of Russian and foreign geomechanical schools, advanced experience in developing complex fields and design studies based on the theory of a plate clamped rigidly with maximum load in the bearings and hinges. The paper describes the possibility of combining ceiling construction design and technologies: solid carrier ceiling and «lite» ceiling conjugated to the latter over the rest part of the block by the example of the Northern Kazakhstan field development by the system of axes sublevel within the structurally inhomogeneous rock mass; hardening the left in store ore by feeding hardening mixture to it for obtaining economic benefits. Results. The authors have proposed the variants of faux ceiling based on hardening concrete mixtures, taking into account the mechanism of rock pressure in the developed areas of the ore field. It is proved that the faux ceiling can compete with the ore pillars, especially at development of valuable metal ores. Conclusions. When developing the valuable ore reserves in geologically disturbed and disintegrated arrays the construction of faux ceiling, as an alternative to ore pillars, is a way to reduce the risk of mining operations and improve the quality of the extracted ore. This is the reserve of economic recovery in current mining.

The relevance of the research is caused by the need to develop the criteria and to improve the technique of assessing hard-to-produced reserves of shale oil (accumulated in situ) of Bazhenov suite in West Siberian oil-and-gas province. The main aim of the research is to define the methodology, a set of initial geological and geophysical data and demonstrate the technique of zoning oil source deposits on shale oil resource density. The object of research is the Upper Jurassic Bazhenov sediments of Mesozoic and Cenozoic section penetrated by deep wells in the south-east of Western Siberia. Methodology and technology of the research. Duration and temperature of the main phase of oil generation are accepted as the key factor detailing the characteristics of the parent suite as the one supplying higher/lower located clastic reservoirs or as shale formation (N. B. Vassoevich, 1967); and the main volume of oil generated, accumulated in situ, or emigrated to the collector, are located there where the parent deposits are/were to a greater extent in the main zone of oil formation (A. E. Kontorovich et al., 1967). The zoning technique is based on the method of paleotemperature modeling which allows reconstructing thermal history of the parent deposits, allocating oil generation sources by geothermal criteria and mapping them. The generated oil resources are estimated by an integral index, depending on the time which the parent suite spent in the main zone of oil formation and on its temperatures. Research results. The paper demonstrates the zoning technique of Nurol'ka megadepression and the structures of its framing, based on the method of paleotemperature modeling that fits organically into the methodology of the theory of oil generation main phase and threshold temperatures for the parent deposits occurrence in the main zone of oil formation. The authors have determined the promising regions and areas of the slate (accumulated in situ) Bazhenov oil. The oil seeps and flows in deep wells from the intervals of the parent rocks and clastic reservoirs prove zoning substantiality.

The relevance of providing industry with metals for supplying the needs of population increases in radical changes in the economic system and continuous deterioration of conditions for exploring mineral deposits using the underground method. The aim of the research is to substantiate the appropriateness of organizational-economic and production-technological measures to convert mining industry to innovative techniques in mineral deposits exploration by the underground method. Research methods include the analysis of international experience and literature, obtaining and processing data based on multiple regression and correlation analysis, pilot plant testing of alternative technologies. Results. It was ascertained that the directions of mining industry conversion include application of solid mixtures for laying-out space and leaching of metals from ores. It is shown that the environmental concept of technological upgrading consists in transferring the processing of the main volume of ores into underground conditions; the efficiency of utilization of tailings consists in reducing the level of damage from tailings, the value of metals and non-metals obtained in processing, raw materials for construction industry and associated commercial products. The feasibility of development of conversion technologies is determined by the ratio of the compensation of costs and damages from waste storage, production capacity of the disposal enterprise and its technological level. Diversification of mining production to underground mining of deposits in near-term perspective requires the correction in engineering support of mining on mountain specialties. Production activities of mining engineers is related to the efficient use of resources, therefore, a mining engineer should be a technologist and processor, hydrogeologist, ecologist, etc. Conversion of technologies is implemented, provided that: the efficiency of ore extraction is based on the value of recoverable and not recoverable metals, and taking into account the effective quantity of damage to the environment. Conclusions: restoration of mining industry potential depends on implementation of innovative technologies, provided adequate engineers of the new generation.

Relevance of the research is caused by the necessity to minimize ore losses in pillars, left for different purposes, for meeting a steadily increasing demand for raw materials to produce metals when ore field development conditions deteriorate. The aim of the research is to study the feasibility and economic viability of using strength and function differentiated faux concrete ceiling instead of ore pillars. Methods: analysis of theoretical heritage of Russian and foreign geomechanical schools, advanced experience in developing complex fields and design studies based on the theory of a plate clamped rigidly with maximum load in the bearings and hinges. The paper describes the possibility of combining ceiling construction design and technologies: solid carrier ceiling and «lite» ceiling conjugated to the latter over the rest part of the block by the example of the Northern Kazakhstan field development by the system of axes sublevel within the structurally inhomogeneous rock mass; hardening the left in store ore by feeding hardening mixture to it for obtaining economic benefits. Results. The authors have proposed the variants of faux ceiling based on hardening concrete mixtures, taking into account the mechanism of rock pressure in the developed areas of the ore field. It is proved that the faux ceiling can compete with the ore pillars, especially at development of valuable metal ores. Conclusions. When developing the valuable ore reserves in geologically disturbed and disintegrated arrays the construction of faux ceiling, as an alternative to ore pillars, is a way to reduce the risk of mining operations and improve the quality of the extracted ore. This is the reserve of economic recovery in current mining.

The relevance of the research is caused by the need to develop the criteria and to improve the technique of assessing hard-to-produced reserves of shale oil (accumulated in situ) of Bazhenov suite in West Siberian oil-and-gas province. The main aim of the research is to define the methodology, a set of initial geological and geophysical data and demonstrate the technique of zoning oil source deposits on shale oil resource density. The object of research is the Upper Jurassic Bazhenov sediments of Mesozoic and Cenozoic section penetrated by deep wells in the south-east of Western Siberia. Methodology and technology of the research. Duration and temperature of the main phase of oil generation are accepted as the key factor detailing the characteristics of the parent suite as the one supplying higher/lower located clastic reservoirs or as shale formation (N. B. Vassoevich, 1967); and the main volume of oil generated, accumulated in situ, or emigrated to the collector, are located there where the parent deposits are/were to a greater extent in the main zone of oil formation (A. E. Kontorovich et al., 1967). The zoning technique is based on the method of paleotemperature modeling which allows reconstructing thermal history of the parent deposits, allocating oil generation sources by geothermal criteria and mapping them. The generated oil resources are estimated by an integral index, depending on the time which the parent suite spent in the main zone of oil formation and on its temperatures. Research results. The paper demonstrates the zoning technique of Nurol'ka megadepression and the structures of its framing, based on the method of paleotemperature modeling that fits organically into the methodology of the theory of oil generation main phase and threshold temperatures for the parent deposits occurrence in the main zone of oil formation. The authors have determined the promising regions and areas of the slate (accumulated in situ) Bazhenov oil. The oil seeps and flows in deep wells from the intervals of the parent rocks and clastic reservoirs prove zoning substantiality.

The relevance of providing industry with metals for supplying the needs of population increases in radical changes in the economic system and continuous deterioration of conditions for exploring mineral deposits using the underground method. The aim of the research is to substantiate the appropriateness of organizational-economic and production-technological measures to convert mining industry to innovative techniques in mineral deposits exploration by the underground method. Research methods include the analysis of international experience and literature, obtaining and processing data based on multiple regression and correlation analysis, pilot plant testing of alternative technologies. Results. It was ascertained that the directions of mining industry conversion include application of solid mixtures for laying-out space and leaching of metals from ores. It is shown that the environmental concept of technological upgrading consists in transferring the processing of the main volume of ores into underground conditions; the efficiency of utilization of tailings consists in reducing the level of damage from tailings, the value of metals and non-metals obtained in processing, raw materials for construction industry and associated commercial products. The feasibility of development of conversion technologies is determined by the ratio of the compensation of costs and damages from waste storage, production capacity of the disposal enterprise and its technological level. Diversification of mining production to underground mining of deposits in near-term perspective requires the correction in engineering support of mining on mountain specialties. Production activities of mining engineers is related to the efficient use of resources, therefore, a mining engineer should be a technologist and processor, hydrogeologist, ecologist, etc. Conversion of technologies is implemented, provided that: the efficiency of ore extraction is based on the value of recoverable and not recoverable metals, and taking into account the effective quantity of damage to the environment. Conclusions: restoration of mining industry potential depends on implementation of innovative technologies, provided adequate engineers of the new generation.

Relevance. The scheme and criteria of use of the measured and modelled geo-temperatures is developed for studying of teсtonic-sedimentation history of settling ponds of the Arctic region of Western Siberia - priority subject of the new strategy of development for asource of raw materials of hydrocarbons of the Russian Federation. The aim of the research is to develop and approve a technique of assessment of the Late Eocene time erosion of the Arctic districts of the West Siberian oil-and-gas province on the basis of model operation of the geothermic mode of the Bazhenov petromaternal deposits, on the example of the Arctic, Sredne-Yamalsky and Rostovtsevsky fields. Object of researches: tectonic-sedimentation history of a Cenozoic and Mesozoic section, the paleo thermic mode of the Bazhenov deposits opened with deep wells on the Arctic, Sredne-Yamalsky and Rostovtsevsky squares (Yamal Peninsula).A special method of the research is based on: 1) the paleo-temperature modeling considering the parameters of tectonic-sedimenta-tion history, measured rock temperatures and paleo-temperatures determined by the reflection power of vitrinite; 2) diversity of paleo-tectonic and the paleo-temperature reconstruction and on the analysis of variability of results; 3) assessment of results compliance withthe optimality criteria of the geophysics inverse problem solution; 4) coherence of the designed values of heat flux density with the experimental data; 5) coherence of the calculated centers of hydrocarbon oscillation with the oil-and-gas content of a subsoil establishedby geological exploration. Research results. The implemented variety of scenarios for tectono-sedimentary history and reconstructions of geothermal regime of the Bazhenov formation has revealed and given the quantification of breaks in sedimentation and denudate in еру Late Eocene time on hydrocarbon deposits of Yamal. It was ascertained that engaging the data of vitrinite reflectance justify the existence of denudations and defines the possibility of assessing the scales of denudations. The scenario of geological development history considering the erosive processes gives the «richest» thermal history of maternal deposits, provides the greatest calculated density of resources of the generated oil. Application of the developed scheme and criteria of identifying the breaks of sedimentation and denudation by a geothermal method, in complex with geological methods and seismic exploration, significantly increases reliability of knowledge of the history of geological development of regions in Western Siberia.

Relevance. Mining production became «the recognized leader» in the impact on the environment, including the destruction of the earth's surface when mining, with catastrophic consequences. Minimizing harmful effects of mining technologies becomes a topical area of research at the global scale, but there is no practical solution on the way out of the situation. The aim of the study is to prove the ecological-economic efficiency of nature protection and resource-saving technologies of mining ore deposits of solid minerals and to substantiate their prospects. Methods of the research include analysis and synthesis of results of theoretical and experimental research carried out before, literature and patent data. Results. The paper introduces the historical information on the dynamics of mining industry evolution. It is shown that natural and anthropogenic factors of destruction of ecosystems increase each other due to synergetic effect. The authors have identified the areas of risk reduction: laying the technological voids with hardening mixtures; in situ leaching of poor and orphaned ores; heap leaching of low-grade ores; leaching of tailings of beneficiation and metallurgy of activated processes in activator-type disintegrator. Disposal of ore primary processing tailings after extracting metals to the level of sanitary requirements by combining chemical enrichment and activation is recommended as the perspective direction of solving environmental problems. Conclusions. Disposal of tailings is the real direction of survival of the technologically rich region of extraction and processing of mineral raw materials in the context of unpredictable technological advances, solving the problem of hardening mineral-raw material base ofmining enterprises and environmental conservation from degradation.

The relevance of the discussed issue is caused by the need of researching absolute age, petrology, geochemistry and ore mineralization of Tochilny stock which is represented by strong fractionated rocks from melanosienite to leucogranite. Different types of ore mineralization of rare earth pegmatites and juweller-ornamental stones are related to such rocks spatially and paragenetically. The main aim of the research is to study absolute age, petrology, geochemical features of rocks and ore mineralization of Tochilny stock using the experimental diagrams, which allow solving the genetic problems and the physic-chemical features of petrogenesis. The methods used in the study. Rare and scattered elements were determined in rocks by inductively coupled plasma method on the mass spectrometer «ОРTIMA-4300», the rest elements, including REE, were determined by La-ISP-MS methods in the Laboratory VSEGEI (Saint-Petersburg) and OIGaG SO RAN (Novosibirsk). The absolute age of forming rocks was determined by U-Pb SIMS (ion microzond SHRIMP -II) method on zircon in the Laboratory VSEGEI (Saint-Petersburg). Results. The paper introduces the data on absolute age, geochemistry and petrology of granitoids of Tochilny stock and its ore mineralization. Melanosyenite, syenite, granite-porphyre and leucogranite were revealed in the stock. Stock formation lasts for prolong period in 24 mln. years (from 238 to 262 mln. years). So long period of forming caused by combining derivates of high-K shoshonitic series rocks and high-K adakite-like differences in one stock. Considering the Nb/Ta ratio in rocks one can assume melting of amphibole-contenting source, meeting the high-Nb basalts (NEB) of thickened lower earth crust. This subcontinental lithospheric mantle, transformed by basalt magmas, generated at subduction ocean lithosphere melting, was transformed under the effect of plume source. Rare metal pegmatites, related to granitoids of Tochilny stock, refer to the Nb>Ta-Y-F (NYF) family. According to the geochemical data pegmatites refer to rare earth elements class (REE) enriched with Zr, Ta, Nb. The tetradic effect of REE M-type fractionation occurs in syenites.

Relevance. The scheme and criteria of use of the measured and modelled geo-temperatures is developed for studying of teсtonic-sedimentation history of settling ponds of the Arctic region of Western Siberia - priority subject of the new strategy of development for asource of raw materials of hydrocarbons of the Russian Federation. The aim of the research is to develop and approve a technique of assessment of the Late Eocene time erosion of the Arctic districts of the West Siberian oil-and-gas province on the basis of model operation of the geothermic mode of the Bazhenov petromaternal deposits, on the example of the Arctic, Sredne-Yamalsky and Rostovtsevsky fields. Object of researches: tectonic-sedimentation history of a Cenozoic and Mesozoic section, the paleo thermic mode of the Bazhenov deposits opened with deep wells on the Arctic, Sredne-Yamalsky and Rostovtsevsky squares (Yamal Peninsula).A special method of the research is based on: 1) the paleo-temperature modeling considering the parameters of tectonic-sedimenta-tion history, measured rock temperatures and paleo-temperatures determined by the reflection power of vitrinite; 2) diversity of paleo-tectonic and the paleo-temperature reconstruction and on the analysis of variability of results; 3) assessment of results compliance withthe optimality criteria of the geophysics inverse problem solution; 4) coherence of the designed values of heat flux density with the experimental data; 5) coherence of the calculated centers of hydrocarbon oscillation with the oil-and-gas content of a subsoil establishedby geological exploration. Research results. The implemented variety of scenarios for tectono-sedimentary history and reconstructions of geothermal regime of the Bazhenov formation has revealed and given the quantification of breaks in sedimentation and denudate in еру Late Eocene time on hydrocarbon deposits of Yamal. It was ascertained that engaging the data of vitrinite reflectance justify the existence of denudations and defines the possibility of assessing the scales of denudations. The scenario of geological development history considering the erosive processes gives the «richest» thermal history of maternal deposits, provides the greatest calculated density of resources of the generated oil. Application of the developed scheme and criteria of identifying the breaks of sedimentation and denudation by a geothermal method, in complex with geological methods and seismic exploration, significantly increases reliability of knowledge of the history of geological development of regions in Western Siberia.

Relevance. Mining production became «the recognized leader» in the impact on the environment, including the destruction of the earth's surface when mining, with catastrophic consequences. Minimizing harmful effects of mining technologies becomes a topical area of research at the global scale, but there is no practical solution on the way out of the situation. The aim of the study is to prove the ecological-economic efficiency of nature protection and resource-saving technologies of mining ore deposits of solid minerals and to substantiate their prospects. Methods of the research include analysis and synthesis of results of theoretical and experimental research carried out before, literature and patent data. Results. The paper introduces the historical information on the dynamics of mining industry evolution. It is shown that natural and anthropogenic factors of destruction of ecosystems increase each other due to synergetic effect. The authors have identified the areas of risk reduction: laying the technological voids with hardening mixtures; in situ leaching of poor and orphaned ores; heap leaching of low-grade ores; leaching of tailings of beneficiation and metallurgy of activated processes in activator-type disintegrator. Disposal of ore primary processing tailings after extracting metals to the level of sanitary requirements by combining chemical enrichment and activation is recommended as the perspective direction of solving environmental problems. Conclusions. Disposal of tailings is the real direction of survival of the technologically rich region of extraction and processing of mineral raw materials in the context of unpredictable technological advances, solving the problem of hardening mineral-raw material base ofmining enterprises and environmental conservation from degradation.

The relevance of the discussed issue is caused by the need of researching absolute age, petrology, geochemistry and ore mineralization of Tochilny stock which is represented by strong fractionated rocks from melanosienite to leucogranite. Different types of ore mineralization of rare earth pegmatites and juweller-ornamental stones are related to such rocks spatially and paragenetically. The main aim of the research is to study absolute age, petrology, geochemical features of rocks and ore mineralization of Tochilny stock using the experimental diagrams, which allow solving the genetic problems and the physic-chemical features of petrogenesis. The methods used in the study. Rare and scattered elements were determined in rocks by inductively coupled plasma method on the mass spectrometer «ОРTIMA-4300», the rest elements, including REE, were determined by La-ISP-MS methods in the Laboratory VSEGEI (Saint-Petersburg) and OIGaG SO RAN (Novosibirsk). The absolute age of forming rocks was determined by U-Pb SIMS (ion microzond SHRIMP -II) method on zircon in the Laboratory VSEGEI (Saint-Petersburg). Results. The paper introduces the data on absolute age, geochemistry and petrology of granitoids of Tochilny stock and its ore mineralization. Melanosyenite, syenite, granite-porphyre and leucogranite were revealed in the stock. Stock formation lasts for prolong period in 24 mln. years (from 238 to 262 mln. years). So long period of forming caused by combining derivates of high-K shoshonitic series rocks and high-K adakite-like differences in one stock. Considering the Nb/Ta ratio in rocks one can assume melting of amphibole-contenting source, meeting the high-Nb basalts (NEB) of thickened lower earth crust. This subcontinental lithospheric mantle, transformed by basalt magmas, generated at subduction ocean lithosphere melting, was transformed under the effect of plume source. Rare metal pegmatites, related to granitoids of Tochilny stock, refer to the Nb>Ta-Y-F (NYF) family. According to the geochemical data pegmatites refer to rare earth elements class (REE) enriched with Zr, Ta, Nb. The tetradic effect of REE M-type fractionation occurs in syenites.

The relevance of the discussed issue is caused by the economic need to improve the reliability and service life of parts and components of gas turbine engines widely used as a drive for gas pumping units in the oil and gas industry. Disks and wheels of turbines and compressors belong to the most critical elements of gas turbine engines, which experience critical loads during operation. The quality of the surface layer has a significant effect on the endurance of these parts. To increase the service life of parts, various methods of surface hardening are used. One of the methods for improving the quality of the surface layer is thermoplastic hardening, which involves two steps: heating to a predetermined temperature and subsequent spray cooling. This research is devoted to the solution of the problem of applying an efficient, environmentally friendly method of local heating of the machined surfaces of a disk during thermoplastic hardening. The main aim of the study is to develop the mathematical models of electromagnetic and thermal processes for induction heating of products of complex geometric shape, taking into account the nonlinear dependence of the electro- and thermophysical characteristics of the heated metal of the article on temperature for calculating the structural and regime parameters of the induction heating system. Methods. To solve the interconnected electrothermal problem the authors have used the methods of the theory of electromagnetic field and thermal conductivity, methods of mathematical modeling. Numerical simulation was carried out using the finite element method in modern engineering packages. Results. The authors developed the complex of electromagnetic and thermal models of induction heating of products with complex shape, designed to solve the problems of design and automatic control of specialized heating installations for repair technologies of rotors of gas turbine engines; proposed the algorithm for determining the design and regime parameters of an induction system, including a sequential calculation of electromagnetic and thermal fields, taking into account their mutual influence and the presence of restrictions on the maximum permissible temperatures.

Relevance. The environmental protection problem is one of the most important one in the present time. Multilateral pollution of all geospheres with non-utilized wastes led to a sharp deterioration of ecological systems, to the death of some unique natural complexes, to the reduction and disappearance of populations of certain plant and animal species, to the danger of unpredictable irreversible consequences which can be the result of man's technogenic activity. That is why the utilization of industrial wastes of industries and their use in resource-saving technologies, of course, are very relevant. The aim of the work is to show the possibility of utilization, control and use of waste products, in particular fluorine-anhydrite in resource-saving construction technologies. Methods: chemical waste neutralization, disintegration of the obtained raw materials and production of bulk clinker material from it, methods of its control and application in various formulations in construction technologies; laser scanning of the surface of the received bulk mixture; approximation of the surface model using radial basis function neural networks; modeling of a non-linear surface function, by the Kolmogorov theorem, using the superposition of radial basis functions; calculation of the volume of a substance limited by the obtained function using the cubature function by the Gauss-Kronrod method and the Monte Carlo method. Results. The paper considers the technology of calcium sulfate neutralization and technological scheme of its disintegration and use in drilling fluids and introduces the system for controlling the volume of a disintegrated substance, which is necessary to account its quantity and dosing when used in formulations of various technologies. It is shown that when controlling and estimating the amount of a disintegrated substance, the best way is to approximate the nonlinear function, since it is possible to control the error by the number of partitions of the function or the number of experiments, and also the model of the surface of the substance is taken into account. The usage of the radial basis function neural network is advisable for obtaining a model of the surface of bulk materials in order to improve the accuracy of measuring volumes in silo farms and warehouses of manufacturing enterprises. Methods of modeling surface functions and measuring their volume by quadrature or Monte Carlo methods are the most effective ones. Usage of the Gauss-Kronrod method in this case is preferable.

The relevance of the research is caused by the necessity of studying groundwater composition and hydrodynamic conditions at NarykOstashkin area of Kuzbass, promising for extraction of coal methane. The main aim of the work is to characterize hydrodynamic conditions and hydrogeochemical features at Naryk-Ostashkin area, and to determine groundwater recharge and discharge conditions to provide base for hydrogeological generalization of coal bed methane mining perspective areas. The methods. Chemical composition of groundwater and surface water was studied in the Problem research hydrogeochemical laboratory (TPU), registered in the system of analytical laboratories of Gosstandart of Russia. Traditional methods were used to conduct a complete chemical analysis. Processing of experimental-filtration works was performed by the standard graphic method of interim tracking the level with further graphic constructions and computations in the software package MS Office. The results of the study allow clarifying some features of hydrogeological conditions of the Naryk-Ostashkin area. Thus, according to the results of experimental filtration work at the mouth of the river Osinovka, the authors have established the presence of hydraulic relation of groundwater of the upper hydrodynamic zone to the surface water currents, and determined the values of water supply and water level coefficients for this part of the hydrogeological section. Based on evaluation of underground and surface water interaction by the results of experimental filtration work, the real influence of boundary conditions of the I and III kind on hydrogeological well operation was established, that allows significantly updating the hydrodynamic models that can be used to justify the production of coal methane in this area. In addition, it was found out that within the massifs of slightly fractured rocks there are isolated pressure systems, the formation of which is caused by the presence of layers with low water supply in the section. The authors distinguished the zones of intensive and delayed water exchange by the nature of permeability in the hydrogeological section. Zones of fresh and brackish water correlate with hydrodynamical heterogeneity of rocks in hydrogeochemical relation.

The relevance of the discussed issue is caused by the necessity to enhance the objectivity and reliability of information on land plots in relation with the conducting reform of the system of State real property cadastre. The integration of an environmental component into the system of State real property cadastre is relevant to the maintenance of high-polluted urban territories. Nowadays there are no approved standards in this field, and various techniques proposed by experts are based on analysis and assessment of existing contamination levels of environment components. The urban environment is not considered as a dynamic system, and its development over time and space is not taken into account. Thus, the complex analysis of time and space dynamics of pollutants in accordance with natural conditions and city infrastructure is essential for the system analysis of urban environment. The aim of the study was to determine an approach to integrate environmental component into the system of State real property cadastre by geoinformation analysis and 3D cartographic modeling of time and space dynamics of pollutants in urban environment. The methods: geoinformation analysis, cartographic modeling, cartographic visualization techniques, 3D cartographic modeling. The results. The authors have proposed the approach to assess urban environment taking into account the patterns of pollution dissemination and proved the logical sequence of integration of heterogeneous environmental data for modeling pollution distribution. The digital relief model and digital terrain model of Novosibirsk city were formed. The environmental database of Novosibirsk city was developed. The authors carried out the zoning of city territory by composite index regarding environmental risk and designed a 3D model of pollution dissemination. Conclusion. The approach introduced provides the dynamic analysis of urban environment as a result of interaction of natural and anthropogenic processes determining pollution dissemination. This provides the detailed and objective assessment of environment of cadastral quarters and lays the foundation for integration of the environmental component into the system of State real propert y cadastre.

The relevance of the research is caused by the need to find new sources of valuable elements that determine the development of modern innovative economy. Coals and ashes of coals are considered as their perspective source. The study of geochemical characteristics of coal and modes of occurrence of chemical elements in coals and ashes of the coals is required for estimation of metal content in coal deposits and development of the criteria for detecting metalliferous coals and techniques for extraction of valuable elements. A promising source of valuable elements is Azeyskoe deposit, where the content of a number of valuable elements reaches possible industrially important ore concentrations. The main aim of the research is to study the geochemical characteristics and modes of occurrence of impurity elements in coals, coal ashes and noncoal intercalations in coal seams of Azeyskoe deposit. Objects of the research are coal and coal bearing rocks of Azeyskoe deposit of Irkutsk basin. Methods: instrumental neutron activation analysis, mass spectrometry method with inductively coupled plasma, x/ray phase analysis, scanning electron microscopy with x/ray spectral analysis, ashing with determination of ash content and humidity, extraction of bitumen and humic acids. Results. The authors have determined the enrichment of Azeiskoe deposit coals with a number of rare impurity elements (REE, Sc, Zr, Hf, Ta, Th). Pyroclastic material as a source of rare earth elements, thorium, tantalum, zirconium and hafnium, is very important in this enrichment. It was determined that the coals in oxidation zone are characterized by anomalously high concentrations of rare impurity elements (REE, Sc, Cr, Co, Au), bottom formation zones of coal seams are enriched with heavy rare earth elements, Sc, Co, Sb, Ta, Hf, Ba. Presence of native and intermetallic mineralization in coals is revealed. It is established that in low/sulfur coals (~0,5 %) with a low content of sulfide sulfur native forms of elements-chalcophiles prevail. In total, more than 80 mineral forms of impurity elements, including monazite, bastnezite, zircon, baddeleyite, native and intermetallic compounds, etc., were found out.

The relevance of the discussed issue is caused by the need of researching content of tourmaline of greisen and pegmatites of Gorny Altai. Different types of ore mineralization of greisens rare earth pegmatites and jeweler-ornamental stones are related to greisens and pegmatites spatially and genetically. The main aim of the research is to study geochemical features of tourmaline greisens and pegmatites using the experimental diagrams, which allow solving the genetic problems and the physic-chemical features of forming greisens and pegmatites. The methods. Basic elements in tourmaline were defined on wave microprobe JEOL JXA-8100 (Analytic Centre of Institute geology and mineralogy SB RAS (Novosibirck); rare and scattered elements were determined in rocks by inductively coupled plasma method on the mass spectrometer «ОРTIMA-4300», the rest elements, including REE, were determined by La-ISP-MS methods in the Laboratory VSEGEI (Saint-Petersburg) and IMGRE (Moscow). Oxygen isotope composition was defined on the mass-spectrometer MI 1201 V in Institute of geology and mineralogy SB RAS (Novosibirck). Results. The paper introduces the data on geochemistry and petrology of tourmaline from greisenas and pegmatites of Gorny Altai. Aluminous silicate of bore refers to schorl and oxyschorl foitite. Tourmaline of greisens and pegmatites deposits of Gorny Altai have considerable geochemistry distinctions on contents elements-admixtures, acidic-basic of mineral crystallization, character of manifestation of TEF REE M-type. Tourmaline of more evolution, differentiated miarolitic pegmatites differ sharply from schorl of other objects in high concentration of Li, Cu, Zn, Sr, Ba, Ga, Sc, Mn and abundant content of water fluids with such volatile components as F, B, Cl, Li. The highest concentration of W in tourmaline of greisens and Nb in schorl of pegmatites are caused by high acidity of fluid media. Predominant part of tourmaline in the studied deposits does not comply with the charge-radius-control behavior of elements. Tourmaline of greisen and pegmatites with high concentration of tungsten comply with charge-radius-control behavior of elements.

The relevance of the research is caused by the need to find new sources of valuable elements that determine the development of modern innovative economy. Coals and ashes of coals are considered as their perspective source. The study of geochemical characteristics of coal and modes of occurrence of chemical elements in coals and ashes of the coals is required for estimation of metal content in coal deposits and development of the criteria for detecting metalliferous coals and techniques for extraction of valuable elements. A promising source of valuable elements is Azeyskoe deposit, where the content of a number of valuable elements reaches possible industrially important ore concentrations. The main aim of the research is to study the geochemical characteristics and modes of occurrence of impurity elements in coals, coal ashes and noncoal intercalations in coal seams of Azeyskoe deposit. Objects of the research are coal and coal bearing rocks of Azeyskoe deposit of Irkutsk basin. Methods: instrumental neutron activation analysis, mass spectrometry method with inductively coupled plasma, x/ray phase analysis, scanning electron microscopy with x/ray spectral analysis, ashing with determination of ash content and humidity, extraction of bitumen and humic acids. Results. The authors have determined the enrichment of Azeiskoe deposit coals with a number of rare impurity elements (REE, Sc, Zr, Hf, Ta, Th). Pyroclastic material as a source of rare earth elements, thorium, tantalum, zirconium and hafnium, is very important in this enrichment. It was determined that the coals in oxidation zone are characterized by anomalously high concentrations of rare impurity elements (REE, Sc, Cr, Co, Au), bottom formation zones of coal seams are enriched with heavy rare earth elements, Sc, Co, Sb, Ta, Hf, Ba. Presence of native and intermetallic mineralization in coals is revealed. It is established that in low/sulfur coals (~0,5 %) with a low content of sulfide sulfur native forms of elements-chalcophiles prevail. In total, more than 80 mineral forms of impurity elements, including monazite, bastnezite, zircon, baddeleyite, native and intermetallic compounds, etc., were found out.

The relevance of the discussed issue is caused by the need of researching content of tourmaline of greisen and pegmatites of Gorny Altai. Different types of ore mineralization of greisens rare earth pegmatites and jeweler-ornamental stones are related to greisens and pegmatites spatially and genetically. The main aim of the research is to study geochemical features of tourmaline greisens and pegmatites using the experimental diagrams, which allow solving the genetic problems and the physic-chemical features of forming greisens and pegmatites. The methods. Basic elements in tourmaline were defined on wave microprobe JEOL JXA-8100 (Analytic Centre of Institute geology and mineralogy SB RAS (Novosibirck); rare and scattered elements were determined in rocks by inductively coupled plasma method on the mass spectrometer «ОРTIMA-4300», the rest elements, including REE, were determined by La-ISP-MS methods in the Laboratory VSEGEI (Saint-Petersburg) and IMGRE (Moscow). Oxygen isotope composition was defined on the mass-spectrometer MI 1201 V in Institute of geology and mineralogy SB RAS (Novosibirck). Results. The paper introduces the data on geochemistry and petrology of tourmaline from greisenas and pegmatites of Gorny Altai. Aluminous silicate of bore refers to schorl and oxyschorl foitite. Tourmaline of greisens and pegmatites deposits of Gorny Altai have considerable geochemistry distinctions on contents elements-admixtures, acidic-basic of mineral crystallization, character of manifestation of TEF REE M-type. Tourmaline of more evolution, differentiated miarolitic pegmatites differ sharply from schorl of other objects in high concentration of Li, Cu, Zn, Sr, Ba, Ga, Sc, Mn and abundant content of water fluids with such volatile components as F, B, Cl, Li. The highest concentration of W in tourmaline of greisens and Nb in schorl of pegmatites are caused by high acidity of fluid media. Predominant part of tourmaline in the studied deposits does not comply with the charge-radius-control behavior of elements. Tourmaline of greisen and pegmatites with high concentration of tungsten comply with charge-radius-control behavior of elements.

The objects of the study are mafic-ultramafic complexes of Kulibinsk potential ore unit, including intrusive bodies of kingashsk complex and metavolcanic rocks of kuliginskaya and kuzinskaya series; the studied objects are located at the north-west edge of Kansk green-stone belt in East Sayan. The aim of the research is to study petrographic, petrochemical and structural characteristics of the studied objects, their typing and development criteria for selecting ore-potential areas. Methods. Petrographic study of the rocks was carried out on the polarization microscope AxioScop 40 firm Carl Zeiss. Investigation of the gross composition of the rocks was carried out at the Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry SB RAS (Irkutsk) and in the laboratory of Minusinsk Geological Prospecting Expedition. The concentration of rare-earth elements was determined by ICP-MS, which was held in the Analytic Center of Natural Systems Geochemistry of National Research Tomsk State University (Tomsk) and at the Vinogradov In+ stitute of Geochemistry SB RAS (Irkutsk). Results. According to the set of petro-geochemical criteria the authors have identified five types of mafic-ultramafic metavoulcanic rocks, four of them are represented by the rocks of basalt-melapicritic formation, which associates with intrusive massifs of kingashsk complex. Fifth type of metavolcanites is similar to the calcalcalic basalts and it can be determined macroscopic among other formations. The rocks of basalt-melapicritic formation together with intrusions of kingashsk complex form volcano-plutonic complex, that is productive for platinum group elements, Cu, Ni; these formations are products of differentiation of the same high-mg melt. The studies identify the criteria of distinction of metabasalts on two types, one of them is included in ore-bearing volcano-plutonic association, and the other one is widely distributed only at non-ore parts of the studied territory.