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The Entiminae are broad-nosed weevils constituting the most diverse subfamily of Curculionidae, with over 50 tribes. We performed Bayesian and Maximum Parsimony combined phylogenetic analyses with the main objective of testing higher-level relationships and the naturalness of the major Neotropical and Southern South American (Patagonia and Andes) tribes, including some members from other regions.We compiled a data matrix of 67 terminal units with 63 Entiminae species, as well as four outgroup taxa from Cyclominae, by 3522 molecular (from nuclear 18S rDNA and 28S rDNA, and mitochondrial 16S rDNA and COI gene sequences) and 70 morphological characters. The resulting trees recover a clade Entiminae with a monophyletic Cylydrorhinini and Premnotrypes branching off early. The tree resulting from parsimony analysis shows a clade of Leptopiini from the Australian region and another clade including taxa mainly distributed in the Palaearctic and Neotropical regions, but in the Bayesian tree the South American and Australian Leptopiini are grouped together. The mainly Palaearctic Entiminae (e.g., Brachyderini, Laparocerini, Otiorhynchini, Peritelini, Polydrusini, Phyllobiini and Sciaphylini) form a subclade separated from Southern Hemisphere taxa. Among the latter, the well-supported Naupactini are the sister group of the South American Tanymecini, excluding Platyaspistes, herein transferred to Leptopiini (new placement). Another well-justified clade is Eustylini-Geonemini, which also includes the enigmatic Galapagonotus, and the genus Artipus, thus corroborating its recent exclusion from Naupactini., Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular

WOS: 000342838400009 The ultrastructure of the internal sac was comparatively studied in five species of the genus Phyllobius Germar, 1824, two species of the genus Oedecnemidius Daniel, 1903 and one species of the genus Parascythropus Desbrochers, 1875, all belonging to the weevil tribe Phyllobiini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae). Similarities and differences between the species investigated are discussed. The total shape of internal sac is similar, but the teeth that are located in the ventral part are different in all the species. The details of the internal sac under the scanning electron microscope are important for taxonomy and could be used for separating similar species. Ahi Evran University (Project Directorate Office), TurkeyAhi Evran University [PYO-FEN.4001.020] We wish to thank Ahi Evran University (Project Directorate Office), Turkey, for financial support for this project (Project no: PYO-FEN.4001.020).

Argoptochus sappho sp. n. and Pelletierellus bryophilus sp. n. from Lesbos island, Greece, Cathormiocerus kostali sp. n. from Morocco, and C. meyeri sp. n. from Portugal are described. New faunistic data are presented for Argoptochus moraveci Borovec, 2006, Cathormiocerus inflatiscapus Escalera, 1918, C. jeani (Borovec, 1989), C. longiscapus Pic, 1912, C. tenuiscapus Fairmaire, 1884, Pelletierellus bosnicus (Apfelbeck, 1898) and P. neglectus (Borovec, 1992). Males of Cathormiocerus inflatiscapus Escalera, 1918 and C. tenuiscapus Fairmaire, 1884 are described for the first time and the penises of these species are illustrated.