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The objective of this study was to detect the environmental impacts generated by the municipal Mata cemetery. In order to aid in the detection and monitoring of the area were used granulometric and chemical terms through EDXRF the study of soil. Considering the results obtained it is concluded that the soil analytical results showed presence of metals in all analyzes, but with levels below the maximum permitted values of metals in Brazilian soils. The Cd was an exception, for this metal values above 0.6 mg kg-1 were found. The clay/silt ratio less than 1.5 in the investigated samples indicates a more weathered soil on the surface than at depths of 30 cm in the cemetery area. Statistical data estimate highly significant Mg, Cl, Al, Fe, K, Ti and Rh factor loads on the surface and at depths, K, Ca, Cl, Al and Mg are the most important. The main ion exchanges correlate with the correlation coefficients found within the same order. Therefore, it is possible that the simultaneous increase or decrease in the cations is the result, mainly, of ionic exchange effects in the mineral assembly of the sediments investigated.

Caçapava do Sul, RS, Brazil produces 80% of the State’s rock-dust, and its 1st district is located near four marble quarries. A significant increase in Brazilian mineral extraction has caused serious environmental problems, such as the development and proliferation of diseases directly related to water resources. This study sought to investigate the water composition in the 1st district area. Geochemical investigation revealed waters classified as soft and hard, neutral and alkaline pH. Electric conductivity ranged from 95.7 to 548 μs cm-1, and total alkalinity ranged from 57 to 241 mg L-1. Ca and Mg ranged from 6.01 to 54.1 and from 4.6 to 32.75, respectively. All measured values met the potability standards for human consumption established by Ordinance Nos. 2914 (2011), 36-GM/1990, and1469/2000. Resumo O município de Caçapava do Sul é responsável por 80% da produção de pó de rocha do estado, e seu 1° distrito se localiza no entorno de quatro mineradoras de mármore. O aumento significativo da extração mineral no Brasil implica em sérios problemas ambientais. Um desses fatores é o desenvolvimento e a proliferação de patologias diretamente relacionadas aos recursos hídricos. A proposta desse estudo foi investigar a composição da água na área do 1º distrito. A investigação geoquímica das águas revelou águas classificadas como mole e duras, com pH neutro e alcalino. A condutividade elétrica varia de 95,7 a 548 μs cm-1, e a alcalinidade total varia de 57 a 241 mg L-1. Os teores de Ca e Mg variam entre 6,01 a 54,1 e 4,6 a 32,75, respectivamente. Todos os valores medidos atendem os padrões de potabilidade para consumo humano estabelecido pelas Portarias nº 2.914 de 2011 e nº 36/GM de 1990 e nº 1469 de 2000.

Rocks are the primary source of chemical elements found in the earth. Among them metallic elements, which are distributed in most natural environments and their distribution in soils is widespread. Knowledge of the soil chemical composition will provide subsidies for a prediction of phytotoxicity and possible groundwater contamination. Concentrations of metals, in the right quantities, are essential for maintaining life. Although, if in high quantities (toxicity), can cause damage to plants, animals, and humans. This work consists of a chemical analysis of soil samples in the region of Lavras do Sul / RS, where mineral deposits occur. Until the year 1981 mining activities occupied the area without municipality, resulting in ore and waste deposits at inappropriate places, generating environmental liabilities, contributing to soil chemistry, and consequently affecting public health. Through the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF) method, 20 soil samples were analyzed in two profiles surrounding the municipality. Among them, high concentrations of Zn, Cu, Ce and Cd were detected, possibly contributing to anthropic activities and seasonal fluctuations.