6 results on '"Oudni-M'rad, Myriam"'
Search Results
2. Human and animal cystic echinococcosis in Tataouine governorate: hypoendemic area in a hyperendemic country, myth or reality?
- Author
-
M’rad, Selim, Chaâbane-Banaoues, Raja, Ghrab, Massaouda, Babba, Hamouda, and Oudni-M’rad, Myriam
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Human and animal cystic echinococcosis in Tataouine governorate: hypoendemic area in a hyperendemic country, myth or reality?
- Author
-
M'rad, Selim, Chaâbane-Banaoues, Raja, Ghrab, Massaouda, Babba, Hamouda, and Oudni-M'rad, Myriam
- Subjects
ECHINOCOCCUS granulosus ,FOOD animals ,ECHINOCOCCOSIS ,DNA sequencing ,FOOD of animal origin ,SERODIAGNOSIS ,IMMUNOGLOBULIN G ,VIRAL antibodies - Abstract
Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) has a worldwide distribution and is especially prevalent in North African countries. With a mean annual surgical incidence (ASI) of CE of 12.7 per 100,000 inhabitants, Tunisia is one of the most CE endemic countries in the Mediterranean area. Tataouine governorate is considered to be the most CE hypoendemic region in Tunisia (ASI = 0.92) despite favourable socioeconomic conditions that enable maintenance of the Echinococcus granulosussensu lato (s.l.) life-cycle and a significant environmental contamination with E. granulosuss.l. eggs. The aim of this study was to assess human CE seroprevalence, prevalence of CE in food animals and environmental contamination by E. granulosus s.l. eggs in different districts of Tataouine governorate. Methods: This study was conducted from January to December 2018. A total of 374 human sera samples were tested for the presence of immunoglobulin G antibodies against E. granulosus using a commercial ELISA kit. Specimens were also collected from animals slaughtered at the Tataouine abattoir (n = 8609) and examined for the presence of hydatid cysts; 111 hydatid cysts were genotyped. Eggs of E. granulosuss.l. were identified by PCR and DNA sequencing from dog faecal samples (n = 288). Results: Serological tests showed that 8.5% of the sera samples tested were positive for E. granulosus-specific antibodies. The average prevalence of hydatidosis in livestock was 1.6%, and CE infection was more prevalent in cattle than in sheep, goats and dromedaries. The contamination rate of dog faeces by E. granulosus sensu stricto eggs varied significantly from 0 to 23.5% depending on the collection area. Molecular analyses only revealed the presence of the G1 genotype for cysts and eggs. Conclusions: Based on our findings, CE is likely to be more endemic in the Tataouine governorate than previously described. Thus, to implement an effective control programme against CE, a national survey should be carried out to determine human CE prevalence in the different Tunisian governorates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Environmental Contamination by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato Eggs in Relation to Slaughterhouses in Urban and Rural Areas in Tunisia
- Author
-
Chaâbane-Banaoues, Raja, Oudni-M’rad, Myriam, M’rad, Selim, Mezhoud, Habib, and Babba, Hamouda
- Subjects
Rural Population ,environmental contamination ,Tunisia ,Echinococcus granulosus ,Urban Population ,Environmental Exposure ,Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato ,slaughterhouse ,Brief Communication ,cystic echinococcosis ,Dogs ,Echinococcosis ,parasitic diseases ,Animals ,egg ,Dog Diseases ,Abattoirs - Abstract
Hydatidosis has become a real concern for health care institutions and animal rearers in Tunisia. The Tunisian endemicity is aggravated by the growing number of dogs and the difficulty of getting rid of contaminated viscera because of the lack of equipment in most slaughterhouses. Therefore, microscopic and molecular tools were applied to evaluate the role of slaughterhouses in canine infection and Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s. l.) egg dissemination. Exposure risk to E. granulosus s. l. eggs in urban and rural areas was explored in order to implant preventive and adapted control strategies. Microscopic examinations detected taeniid eggs in 152 amongst 553 fecal samples. The copro-PCR demonstrated that 138 of 152 taeniid samples analyzed were positive for E. granulosus s. l. DNA. PCR-RFLP demonstrated that all isolated samples belonged to E. granulosus sensu stricto (s. s.). An important environmental contamination index (25.0%) by E. granulosus s. l. eggs was demonstrated. The average contamination index from the regions around slaughterhouses (23.3%; 95% CI: 17.7-28.9%) was in the same range as detected in areas located far from slaughterhouses (26.0%, 95% CI: 21.3-30.8%). Echinococcosis endemic areas were extended in both rural (29.9%, 95% CI: 24.8-34.9%) and urban locations (18.1%, 95% CI: 13.0-22.9%). The pathogen dissemination is related neither to the presence/absence of slaughterhouses nor to the location in urban or rural areas, but is probably influenced by human activities (home slaughtering) and behavior towards the infected viscera.
- Published
- 2016
5. Infection of dogs with Echinococcus granulosus: causes and consequences in an hyperendemic area.
- Author
-
Chaâbane-Banaoues, Raja, Oudni-M'rad, Myriam, Cabaret, Jacques, M'rad, Selim, Mezhoud, Habib, and Babba, Hamouda
- Subjects
- *
ECHINOCOCCUS granulosus , *DOGS as carriers of disease , *DOG diseases , *ECHINOCOCCOSIS , *INFECTIOUS disease transmission - Abstract
Background: Tunisia is a hyper endemic country for human echinococcosis. The infection is transmitted via the eggs of Echinococcus granulosus which are passed in the faeces of the definitive canid host. Methods: This study evaluated the contamination rate of the dog faeces in different climatic conditions at eight different geographic regions throughout Tunisia. Dog faecal samples were collected from the soil and the Echinococcus eggs were identified using microscopic and molecular (Eg1121/1122 PCR, Egss1 PCR and Nad1 PCR-RFLP) tools. Results: The contamination index of dog faeces by E. granulosus eggs ranged from 8.3% to 41.3% depending on the region. Comparisons of the dog faecal contamination rate against human incidence found them to be independent. Neither human prevalence nor dog contamination index appeared to be related to climatic conditions or geographic characteristics. The genetic variability of E. granulosus samples was different within each region but was not related to geographic distance which is indicative of local divergent evolutions rather than isolation by distance. Conclusions: A high environmental dog contamination index does not necessarily correspond to high prevalence in humans as transmission is strongly linked to human behavior and hygiene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Infection of dogs with Echinococcus granulosus: causes and consequences in an hyperendemic area
- Author
-
Raja Chaâbane-Banaoues, Myriam Oudni-M’rad, Jacques Cabaret, Habib Mezhoud, Selim M’rad, Hamouda Babba, Oudni-M'rad, Myriam, LP3M: Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie Medicale et Moleculaire, LR12ES08, Faculte de Pharmacie, Université de Monastir - University of Monastir (UM), LP3M: Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie Médicale et Moléculaire, LR12ES08, Faculté de Pharmacie, UR Infectiologie animale et Santé publique (UR IASP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de parasitologie, Hopital Habib Bourguiba - Habib Bourguiba Hospital [Sfax], Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT)
- Subjects
Veterinary medicine ,Endemic Diseases ,Environmental contamination ,Climate ,variabilité génétique ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,030308 mycology & parasitology ,Feces ,0302 clinical medicine ,Prevalence ,Dog Diseases ,Echinococcus granulosus ,0303 health sciences ,Microscopy ,biology ,Geography ,Incidence ,Microbiology and Parasitology ,maladie parasitaire ,Echinococcosis ,Microbiologie et Parasitologie ,3. Good health ,G1 genotype ,Phylogeography ,[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology ,Infectious Diseases ,Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ,zoonose ,Tunisia ,030231 tropical medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,Dogs ,Genetic variation ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Genetic variability ,Isolation by distance ,tunisie ,Research ,Genetic Variation ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Echinococcus ,Parasitology ,contamination fécale ,chien ,Dog faecal sample ,humain - Abstract
Background Tunisia is a hyper endemic country for human echinococcosis. The infection is transmitted via the eggs of Echinococcus granulosus which are passed in the faeces of the definitive canid host. Methods This study evaluated the contamination rate of the dog faeces in different climatic conditions at eight different geographic regions throughout Tunisia. Dog faecal samples were collected from the soil and the Echinococcus eggs were identified using microscopic and molecular (Eg1121/1122 PCR, Egss1 PCR and Nad1 PCR-RFLP) tools. Results The contamination index of dog faeces by E. granulosus eggs ranged from 8.3% to 41.3% depending on the region. Comparisons of the dog faecal contamination rate against human incidence found them to be independent. Neither human prevalence nor dog contamination index appeared to be related to climatic conditions or geographic characteristics. The genetic variability of E. granulosus samples was different within each region but was not related to geographic distance which is indicative of local divergent evolutions rather than isolation by distance. Conclusions A high environmental dog contamination index does not necessarily correspond to high prevalence in humans as transmission is strongly linked to human behavior and hygiene.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.