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Banyuurip is one of the villages in Ujung Pangkah District which has potential natural resource that is mangrove forests. However, the occurrence of abrasion and conversion of mangrove land has impacted mangrove ecosystem. Rehabilitation efforts by replanting mangroves have been carried out, but they have not been effective in overcoming the current problems. The reduction of mangrove area that led the decreased of mangrove’s function can affect the livelihood of the local community, including fishermen. The installation of geosynthetic bags, which are sand-filled bags arranged on the ground, is done as an alternative solution in Banyuurip Village which functions as coastal protection and a sediment trap. The utilization of geosynthetic material is often used to help the coastal problem, the used of geosynthetic material is rarely carried out in mangrove areas. This study aims to determine the sediment characteristics, sedimentation rates, and sedimentation process based on the relationship between current velocity and sedimentation rate. The result shows that generally the type of sediment fraction in this location is silt (79,12% - 80,12%) and the rest is clay. The current installation of geosynthetic bags can result in the land extension from the trapped sediment behind the structure. In addition, the current velocity conditions and the sediment transport process also affect the sedimentation process that occurs. The average sedimentation rates around the geosynthetic bags installation area ranged from 150.72-305.01 mg.cm-2.day-1. This study may provide a basic information for further development in Banyuurip Mangrove Center and other mangrove conservation area.

Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus, BSC) is one of the Indonesian important fisheries commodities often captured by traps. Under Decree No. 56/2016, the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries managed the BSC, with the standard size of BSC is >10cm of Carapace Width (CW) or >60 g of Weight (W), and non-berried or carried eggs for female. This study aims to determine BSC's crawling pattern toward the trap, design an escape vent on the trap, and assess catch of BSC using vented trap and non-vented trap. The video footage was used to examine crawling pattern of 30 BSCs on the laboratory. The study also includes field experiment by deploying twenty traps (10 vented traps and 10 non-vented traps) on the sea. The study obtained two crawling patterns of BSC, crawling forward and sideways with the most BSC crawled sideways. Design of escape vent was 4.6 cm length x 2.6 cm height. The BSCs captured in the vented traps have >10cm of CW, while 14% of BSCs in the non-vented traps have

An extreme biomass-burning event occurred in Indonesia from September through October 2015 due to severe drought conditions, partially caused by a major El Nino event, thereby allowing for significant burning of peatland that had been previously drained. This event had the highest sustained aerosol optical depths (AOD) ever monitored by the global Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). The newly developed AERONET Version 3 algorithms retain high AOD at the longer wavelengths when associated with high Angstrom Exponents (AEs), which thereby allowed for measurements of AOD at 675 nanometers as high as approximately 7, the upper limit of Sun photometry. Measured AEs at the highest monitored AOD levels were subsequently utilized to estimate instantaneous values of AOD at 550 nanometers in the range of 11 to 13, well beyond the upper measurement limit. Additionally, retrievals of complex refractive indices, size distributions, and single scattering albedos (SSA) were obtained at much higher AOD levels than possible from almucantar scans due to the ability to perform retrievals at smaller solar zenith angles with new hybrid sky radiance scans. For retrievals made at the highest AOD levels the fine mode volume median radii were approximately 0.25 to 0.30 microns, which are very large particles for biomass burning. Very high SSA values (approximately 0.975 from 440 to 1020 nanometers) are consistent with the domination by smoldering combustion of peat burning. Estimates of the percentage peat contribution to total biomass burning aerosol based on retrieved SSA and laboratory measured peat SSA were approximately 80-85 percent, in excellent agreement with independent estimates.

Determination of regional fisheries based upon the experience of fishing master is one obstacle, because the spread of the fish moving in accordance with the fish habitat, while the fish habitat affected by the condition oceanographic parameters. Therefore, knowing the spread of fish based on oceanographic parameter is one of the indicators in determining potential areas of catching skipjack. Research method using descriptive observatif. The distribution results showed Sea Surface Temperature (SST) with average range between 28.45 °C – 30.93 °C, chlorophyll-a concentration between 0.28 mg/m 3 – 0.62 mg/m 3 , and the speed of current between 0.01 m/s – 0.23 m/s. Correlation between SST, chlorophyll-a, and current towards the skipjack catches no significant relationship and their relationship is very low. Zone of fishing potential based on skipjack habitat obtained is 63 miles of fishing base shaped polygon area there are extents of 63,471,960.455 m 2 withsamples coordinates of 00°3'00.0'' N and 119°19'48.0’’ E and 254,606,779.883 m 2 with sample coordinates 00°21’21.5'' N and 119°46'12.0'' E.

Highlight Heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd) in the seawater, sediment, and soft part of marine mussels were analyzed Bioaccumulation Factor (BAF), Estimated Daily Intake and Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) were calculated Heavy metals in the seawater, sediment and marine mussels were found in varying concentrations Health risk assessment indexes showed low values which means insignificant health hazard Abstract Marine mussels are known as one of the biological indicators of heavy metals pollution in the aquatic environment and the sources of protein for human consumption. This study aimed to investigate the concentration of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd) in the seawater, sediment, and soft parts of the marine mussels ( Perna viridis, Meretrix sp ., and Anadara granosa ), as well as to evaluate its health risk of consumption from Madura Strait, Indonesia. The seawater, sediment, and marine mussels were obtained from four sites and heavy metal concentrations were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. In the seawater, heavy metals were in the order of Cu, Pb, Cd, and Zn from the highest to the lowest concentration respectively, while they went down in the order of Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd in the sediment respectively. Excluding the Pb, higher Cu and Zn concentrations were observed in marine mussels than in seawater and sediments (BAF> 1). Furthermore, it was proven that Cu and Zn were considered as essential metals and required for metabolism, while Pb and Cd were non-essential metals which their biological functions were unknown. The Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) of the marine mussels was lower than the oral reference dose (ORD) and low values of target hazard quotient (THQ < 1) had shown that the consumption of mussels containing heavy metals would not cause significant health risks to humans. The health risk assessment indexes showed low values, which meant insignificant health hazard. However, long-term exposure and the impact of consuming mussels containing heavy metals may require additional investigation

During the dry period of August–October 2015, a C-band Doppler weather radar of the BMKG station in a fire-prone peatland area, Palangka Raya, detected echoes with reflectivity values between − 19 and + 34 dBZ at a height below 2–3 km and a slant range of 100 km. The MERRA-2/NASA atmospheric reanalysis database is used to obtain the vertical profiles of refractive index and equivalent potential temperature of the air. The temporal variation of the radar image is due to the tropical diurnal cycle of planetary boundary layer formation, which is consistent with the results of the database analysis. The echo images are discussed in terms of Bragg scattering of microwaves at the top of the planetary boundary layer. Weather radar monitoring of the fire smoke layer-top images has a potential feasibility to support real-time management of peatland fires.

There are 6 of 7 species of sea turtles in the world found in Indonesia. Meanwhile, the existence of sea turtles is currently experiencing a very drastic decline. This research is one of the conservation efforts to increase the number of sea turtles in several turtle conservation areas in East Java. From the experimental results, the temperature is the most influential factor in the sex determination. The development of egg incubation technology in this study has resulted in hatching results with the number of male sex dominant than female. To produce male eggs the temperature in the hatching media is between 25°C - 30°C, while the optimal temperature for hatching female eggs is >30°C. The artificial turtle egg incubator technology is designed in such a way that the conditions in the hatching chamber are close to the hatching conditions in nature with a temperature that can be set with an incandescent lamp equipped with a temperature sensor, when the high temperature the temperature sensor will work and the incandescent lamp automatically turns off. Optimum moisture conditions of about 70% water content can be regulated by the humidity sensor, when humidity is reduced, it can automatically spray water.

Tropical peatlands in Indonesia have been disturbed over decades and are a source of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere by peat respiration and peatland fire. With a portable solar spectrometer, we have performed measurements of column-averaged CO2 dry-air molar mixing ratios, XCO2, in Palangka Raya, Indonesia, and quantify the emission dynamics of the peatland with use of the data for weather, fire hotspot, ground water table, local airport operation visibility and weather radar images. Total emission of CO2 from surface and underground peat fires as well as from peatland ecosystem is evaluated by day-to-day variability of XCO2. We found that the peatland fire and the net ecosystem CO2 exchange contributed with the same order of magnitude to the CO2 emission during the non-El Niño Southern Oscillation year of July 2014-August 2015.

The optical properties of aerosol could describe the potential source of prevalent pollutants of certain area. With the annual occurrences of biomass burning over the peat swamp forest, the study of aerosol characters in Central Kalimantan province becomes important. Aerosols from Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) data network combine with some environmental parameters, i.e., rainfall, visibility, surface humidity and hotspot number are investigated. Here we use the data from 2012 to 2014 collected from AERONET in Palangkaraya. We found a strong relationship between aerosol properties and environmental parameters (rainfall, hotspot number, visibility). Variability of aerosol properties such as aerosol optical depth (AOD), Angstrom exponent number, and its fine mode are consistent with the dry period between August and October when most fire episodes occur. In fact, the increase of aerosol loading occurs mostly when the monthly rainfall reaches below 150 mm month–1 (dry period), as the cut off number of our analyses. Considerable reduction of visibility below 500 m occurs whenever AOD is above 3.0. During observation period, we found that aerosol sources at this location originate from dust, marine aerosol, continental and urban aerosol, and biomass burning. The biomass burning aerosol gave a substantially high AOD values that reach almost 6.0 and fine feature as an indication of highly concentrated smoke from peatland source. Moreover, smouldering combustion from peat land is characterized by high value of single scattering albedo observed in the location.