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The aim of this article is to examine and analyze the effects of social inequalities and school-related factors, with a particular focus on teaching, on student performance, updating the debate to reflect contemporary Brazil. To achieve this, we employed a quantitative approach using data from the 2021 Basic Education Evaluation System (Saeb). Through two multiple linear regression models, we highlight the effects of teaching practices, as well as social, racial, and economic factors, on the Portuguese and mathematics performance of 11th and 12th-grade students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shadow education is a widely used metaphor for private supplementary tutoring, i.e. instruction in academic subjects on a fee-charging basis outside school hours. The metaphor is used because much tutoring mimics schooling. Thus, as the curriculum changes in the schools, so it changes in the shadows; and as schooling grows, so does the shadow. Initially with particular prominence in East Asia, albeit with deep roots elsewhere, shadow education has expanded worldwide. The phenomenon has been mapped in Africa, Asia, Europe, the Middle East and North America, but has received modest attention in Latin America. This article provides an overview of the phenomenon in the region using available data and stressing the need for further research. It presents global as well as Latin American contextual factors and drivers of demand before turning to data on the scale, nature and suppliers of shadow education. The assembled picture then permits commentary on educational and social impact, and on policy implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agroecological and artisanal produce markets have multiplied as part of a broader process that promotes food citizenship oriented towards justice and sustainability. However, this phenomenon is immersed in the complexity of food systems and entails great heterogeneity. This article analyzes the relationship between these types of initiatives and the gentrification processes in some of the areas where they are established. The topic is approached from ethnographic material collected in the framework of a research project on agroecological production initiatives and artisanal transformation in Mexico City and on the citizens’ collectives that facilitate the commercialization of this production. The findings show that in certain areas of the city these markets shape a broader set of “alternative” food supply networks linked to gentrification processes and the findings identify some of the factors that affect the reproduction of social inequalities within the framework of these initiatives. At the same time, the study underscores the agency of the actors involved and documents their abilities to use these spaces through the growing demand for fresh, healthy, and locally-sourced food to advance their own ends in areas subject to gentrification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Odeere is the property of Edicoes UESB and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Politicae is the property of Studia Politicae and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article explores the life and work of Jeremiah Noah Morris (1910-2009), a pioneer in social epidemiology. Morris advocated for a social interpretation of health and disease, emphasizing the impact of social inequalities on morbidity and mortality. His work, Uses of epidemiology, promoted the study of chronic diseases from a population-based perspective. He contributed to the development of the Black report in 1980, which highlighted health inequalities in the United Kingdom, and to the concept of a "minimum income for a healthy life." His research linked physical activity to the prevention of coronary diseases, and he championed the role of community physicians in public health care. Morris saw epidemiology as a historical science oriented towards solving practical problems, and in doing so he showed an openness to other knowledge, including researchers from different disciplines, which allowed him to approach the complexity of social problems. This article reviews his contributions and key debates, addressing the relevance of his ideas in today's context and the apparent neglect of his legacy in modern epidemiology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a reflection on the social effects of the implementation of public policies, which can deepen and reproduce situations of previous social inequality even if their objectives aim to produce greater equity and social justice. In this sense, we sought to understand how the daily interactions established between residents of the urban periphery and the State agents responsible for implementing various public policies at the local level occur and what the results are. Empirical data were collected from participant observation and semi-structured interviews with seven residents of a housing complex built through the Minha Casa, Minha Vida Program (PMCMV), in Santa Cruz do Sul/RS, to serve low-income families. It was verified, based on the analysis of qualitative data collected in the research, that the encounter between the residents of this housing complex and the state institutions and their bureaucrats is marked by asymmetrical power relations that reinforce the residents' subordinate position and the stereotypes about of their behaviors and ways of life, contributing to the construction of a "sense of place" marked by negativity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To identify the presence of social inequalities in road traffic injury mortality in Argentinian jurisdictions according to their socioeconomic development level. Methodology: An ecological study with a jurisdictional level of aggregation was conducted for the years 2005, 2011, and 2016. Inequality between jurisdictions was estimated using the concentration index and the concentration curve. The human development index by jurisdiction and its components were separately used as a socioeconomic variable for ranking. Results: The concentration index showed a negative value in all three years (-0.032 in 2005, -0.094 in 2011, and -0.065 in 2016), suggesting that there is a higher concentration of road traffic injury mortality in jurisdictions with lower human development index, although the values show a decreasing trend in these social inequalities between 2011 and 2016. The income indicator is the factor that explains this concentration to the greatest extent. Conclusion: There are social inequalities in road traffic injury mortality in Argentinian jurisdictions according to their socioeconomic development level, which are mainly explained by the income level. Road traffic injury prevention policies should consider the socio-economic conditions of the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (0797-5538) is the property of Universidad de la Republica, Faculdad de Ciencias Sociales, Departmento de Sociologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The approach of this article is focused through a historical, social, criminological and criminal perspective on the resistance to investigate, the right to truth and the forensic crisis that is faced both in the investigations and in the processes of femicide cases in Mexico. The foregoing taking three Mexican cases as central axes, two of them iconic cases that have led to a transformation on creating laws that are applicable to the fight against gender violence in conjunction with a crime description that promptly collects the gender reasons that they are the cause of this crime; referring in this way to Gonzalez and others vs. Mexico or better known as Campo algodonero, which reached the Inter-American Court of Human Rights opening the way in the treatment of violence against women, with its emblematic and historic sentence. Secondly, we have the case of Mariana Lima Buendía, whose sentence -in Amparo en Revisión- issued by the Supreme Court of Justice of Mexico, establishes that every violent death of a woman must be investigated as a femicide, changing the way in which how criminal investigations involving the deaths of women should be initiated; weighing the gender perspective, due diligence and good practices. The third case shows us how the forensic crisis that Mexico is currently facing directly permeates the investigations of cases of violent deaths of women. This last case is about Debhani Escobar, being the most recent that has convulsed the Mexican society due to the countless inconsistencies in the investigation of her disappearance and death. This is how femicide in Mexico faces great challenges in terms of adapting the instruments and legal framework to not only focus on punishment but also include a vision of forensic and procedural reform that includes public policies for prevention and comprehensive reparations for the victims, as well as a true commitment to the non-repetition of criminal acts against women for reasons of gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Trashumante. Revista Americana de Historia Social is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Sociología is the property of Federacion Espanola de Sociologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Veritas is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Revista Práxis Educativa is the property of Revista Praxis Educativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sustainable development, together with the objectives set by the United Nations Organization (2015-2030), seek, among other things, for human communities to be safe, resilient, sustained and sustainable. The SDG11, specifically, commits to joint work, to overcome social inequalities, to provide access to housing, to carry out urban management; that is to say, it points out the importance of the city as an axis of social growth. However, the asymmetric context of the region leads to segregation, to unfinished agendas that do not end up addressing the structural problems that condition development within the city. By virtue of the above, the article analyzes the importance of SDG11 and its possible implementation in the Latin American social context, characterized by overpopulation, violence, crime, corruption, insecurity, construction of cities in risky places, among other additional factors. With these pages it is not intended to reach definitive positions, but rather to broaden the discussion that revolves around this unresolved issue in regional spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the perceptions about university access, sense of effort, meritocracy, and social inequalities of students from 8 elite Chilean higher education institutions. Using 1773 responses to a questionnaire that was applied to a stratified sample of students from these universities, regression models that control for differences between socioeconomic groups, types of university and time of stay are estimated. The results show that the type of university is the main axis of differentiation in these perceptions, with traditional university students being more skeptical of meritocracy and individualistic explanations than their peers from emerging private universities. Furthermore, there is a relative homogeneity within each type of university, except in those items related to university entrance. It is concluded that the different types of elite institutions are a relevant distinction for understanding the diversity of perceptions that exist among those who transit through these highly influence spaces at the national level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to talk about the incidence of both sociological and economic factors and those that are criminological, regarding the genesis and development of Mexican female criminality; It also seeks to analyze vulnerable groups which, into intersectional sphere, are into certain circumstances due to their age, gender, physical or mental state, where those derived for socioeconomic, cultural and ethnic reasons are added. For such purposes, the groups that include people in vulnerability have been reviewed, including women; and how this has cultural and structural bases that keep them in a position of marginalization and inequality respecting to male gender, which in a hegemonic way has controlled and symbolizes the socioeconomic strength of the nation. As a result, with this deeply ingrained panorama, it is not surprising to observe that in criminal activities women maintain a trained line from which they do not deviate in relation to gender stereotypes, since they remain within their designated roles as they do in women legal activities. As conclusions we can see how it is that a social structure closely linked to living in conditions of poverty, with social exclusion, in a constant struggle within spheres of marginalization, with discrimination due to classism, racism and sexism, positions women at a total disadvantage; and how all this intersects intersectionally to arrive to reasons of participation in the conflict with criminal law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: the aim of this paper is to test a sociology of welfare; that is, two analytical tools are argued to gain an understanding of the sociological content of welfare: 1) the identification of the forms of social precariousness existing in Mexico; 2) the idea of the continuum of inequality of violence and its visibility. Methodology: in defending their theory, the authors use analytical and qualitative sociology as a methodological perspective, where classical concepts of sociology function as reflexive tools to promote the elaboration of a qualitative, critical and normative thinking around the forms of precariousness and their opposite, welfare. Results: presented in two sections: 1) The emergence of violence as a structure for the precariousness of life, a section that reflects on the increase in the forms of violence and their importance when addressing the issue of well-being; 2) Analysis of the forms of social precariousness, which proposes a matrix of the main forms of precariousness that actually exist in Mexico, where the elements of the continuum of inequality of violence are identified. Conclusions: it is proposed that a qualitative sociological knowledge of social precariousness and violence, of the forms and dynamics of social action is necessary to understand the substantive meaning of welfare; useful knowledge to guide public actions in favor of welfare in democratic societies, especially to test innovation in the design of social policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this article is to problematize ethnic-racial inequalities in Joinville, Santa Catarina, through an analysis of the constitution and trajectory of four recreational social clubs in the city. Several were the methodological procedures adopted: analysis of documents from the Municipal Historical Archive; participation in events promoted by clubs and conversations with some attendees; production and analysis of two images: one showing the geographic location of the clubs and the other their facades. The information made it possible to carry out what we understand as topographic reading, a tool for research in social psychology interested in the critical analysis of the constitutive relations of urban space. As a result of the research, the way in which the constitution and trajectory of these social clubs highlights the ethnic-racial inequalities present in the city's history is evident, as well as the process of (in)visibility of memories, knowledge and sayings. We conclude that the location of clubs in the city's territory and the structure of its buildings enable different forms of visibility, directly implying the ways in which the narratives, memories and trajectories of the ethnic-racial groups represented by each of them are known. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pandemic caused by Coronavirus disease (covid-19) has impacted society as a whole, demanding adaptation to a new context, both personal and professional. The working conditions of health professionals have been the subject of current research interest, with emphasis on the risk of transmission and its impact on mental health. In this sense, the study analyzes the different implications of this pandemic in the private and professional environments among physicians, nurses and nursing technicians working in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, Brazil. From a qualitative and quantitative approach, interviews conducted mainly from a distance were explored, with the aid of technological mediation, with the application of a semi-structured interview script. It was verified that the adaptations to live and work in the pandemic were expressed heterogeneously among the different categories of health professionals, identified at the intersection between gender and social class, with women being largely responsible for the articulation of new forms of network support. The interventions to be implemented to recover from the effects of the pandemic will not be able to abstract the inequalities already present in society that are reproduced in the professional environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global Covid-19 pandemic had seen inequalities much exacerbated and disparities between and within nations widened. The socio-economic crisis experienced in Brazil is no exception. The long-term impacts of the pandemic on our socio-economic and political lives and how they shape the production and reproduction of inequalities will continue to dominate contemporary sociological debates. We propose a set of original papers that focus not only on the measurement of social inequalities, but seek to articulate the complex social processes based on new empirical evidence on wealth distribution, well-being and life chances in the 21st century. Despite being a late-industrialized country, the general trends observed in Brazil in inequalities can shed light on similar developments in other societies, and this Special Issue aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the persistent and deepening inequalities worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cadernos de Pesquisa is the property of Fundacao Carlos Chagas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Since the beginning of humanity, sexuality and reproduction have been subjects of scientific and philosophical reflection, given the considerable impact they have on the development of human societies. For this reason, the issue of the use of emergency oral contraceptives is seen as a social problem that requires attention in Latin America, a place where various social asymmetries are present, such as: poverty, excessive population growth, violence, migration, unwanted pregnancies, among other factors that exacerbate the crisis in the regional context. In this vein, the article explores the ethical and philosophical dimension of the use of emergency oral contraceptives, pointing out the importance of its historical evolution, making it scientific, and the various ethical conflicts that researchers had to face in order to reach the methods known today. However, it does not lose sight of the existing difficulties on the subject - the population's ignorance, taboos and the culture of disinformation - constituting an additional challenge to this problem. The article does not pretend to arrive at a definitive position on the subject; on the contrary, it aspires to be a space for reflection and meeting between scientific-technical knowledge and theoreticalhumanist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Cuestiones de Sociologia: Revista de Estudios Sociales is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuestiones de Sociologia: Revista de Estudios Sociales is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that one in 20 deaths worldwide is attributable to diabetes. Chronic diseases are the main causes of disability and dependence in the medium and long term. This study aims to identify the scientific evidence on factors influencing adherence to treatment, care and self-care in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is a qualitative documentary research from a hermeneutic methodological approach. Fifty-two relevant documents in Spanish and English were considered for this study. Chronic diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus were considered as categories for analysis, with five dimensions: adherence to treatment, care and selfcare, social inequalities and inequity, psychosocial factors and social vulnerability. Through the study and documentary analysis it has been found that adherence to treatment, care and self-care are influenced by multiple factors: individual, family, socioeconomic, environmental, ..., gratly hinder the control of chronic diseases. Despite this evidence, it is necessary to initiate new research from the approach of social vulnerability, which would help to look after people according to their social reality. This research gap allows the author to initiate the elaboration and scientific validation of a self-administered questionnaire which measures individual social vulnerability in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista de Filosofia y Teoria Politica is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cities today are going through a process that deepens socio-territorial inequalities based on the advance of the spatial materialization of financial capitals and the appropriation of urban territories as a profitability strategy. However, diverse social groups dispute the spaces that this capital captures through collective strategies of resistance and by raising awareness, highlighting the dimension of "the common", giving the exercise of the collective, the collaborative and/or community-based senses. This article aims at analyzing and interpreting the resistance of the residents who have socially produced their territories from the common in the face of expulsion strategies derived from speculative real estate processes, within the framework of the particularities assumed by this dispossession process in the metropolitan region of Córdoba (Argentina). In particular, we present the analysis of the Barrio Parque Esperanza case, which when faced with a process of judicial eviction from its neighborhood in 2018, has stood its ground for 14 months in a process of collective resistance and negotiation with the provincial state towards making the right to land and housing effective. The epistemological approach recovers the idea of the dialogue of knowledge proposed by the southern and decolonial epistemologies, since it seeks to recover the experiences from the perspective of the players in their own territories, looking to contribute with knowledge to demonstrate a specific social reality situation characterized by processes of fragility and, at the same time, with potential to boost the production of the habitat from the common. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Related with the urban segregation processes, several studies have discussed the benefits or losses that affect different social groups as a result of their location in space. In this discussion, this article presents a study about these phenomena in Salvador, first capital and currently the third largest Brazilian city on data from the 2000 and 2010 demographic censuses and other official sources. Showing how differentiated appropriation of the urban territory interferes on access to goods and services and on life opportunities, these analyses highlight the relevance of mentioned phenomena for the production and reproduction of social inequalities and vulnerability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a disease with high impact on both the morbidity and mortality worldwide. It affects social groups and individuals with differing social conditions and hierarchies. This work aims to identify the evidence of the relationships between social inequalities regarding the disease process, treatment and health care for type 2 diabetes mellitus. To do so, a comprehensive review of the literature was conducted among indexed journals published during 2016-2018. In general, the results showed that the social inequalities mostly due to the ethnic/race and socioeconomic reasons have effects on the incidence and treatment of type 2 diabetes. On the other hand, regarding the gender there is a variable behavior between men and women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gerion: Revista de Historia Antigua is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Austral de Ciencias Sociales is the property of Facultad de Filosofia y Humanidades, Intituto de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Austral de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Adicciones is the property of Sociedad Cientifica Espanola de Estudios sobre el Alcohol and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper addresses vulnerability to Global Environmental Change of rural producers of Mendoza River basin, in Argentina. Vulnerability is a complex phenomenon that is generated at the intersection of environmental, social and economic dimensions. From a qualitative study based on in-depth interviews with producers of the study area, the paper explain the processes affecting actors (exposures / sensitivities) and the practices (adaptations) they develop to address these phenomena. The main idea is that hydroclimatological events act on a number of previous, long-term vulnerabilities defined by access to resources. Also it shows that resources are critical to the development of adaptive capacities, but finds that "availability of resources" and "capacity building" are not phenomena always related by a linear and direct causality. That is, sometimes the mere existence of resources is not enough to foster adaptive capacities. Noting some capacities gaps, the article identifies critical factors that could improve rural actors' capacities and could strengthen them to cope with future global climate events and other factors that affect their living conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revue Tiers Monde is the property of Librairie Armand Colin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper shows the most important results of three epidemiological studies whose aim was to construct a profile for infant mortality based on the living conditions of some selected areas in Argentina; their goal being the identification of the social inequalities between different populations. Methodology: three ecological epidemiological studies were conducted using census data and vital statistics as secondary sources. Results: the findings confirmed a strong gradient in child mortality which was unfavorable to those who are at social disadvantage. Additionally, the severity of the studied differences in infant mortality becomes stronger for post-neonatal mortality, and the high ratio of deaths considered reducible is accompanied by a wide asymmetry between groups. Discussion: the election of infant mortality as a problem studied from the viewpoint of social inequalities is not original, and neither is the confirmation of a reverse gradient between the living conditions and the results for the rate of infant mortality. However, it is necessary to quantify the social inequalities and inequities existing between groups as well as to make them more visible through concrete social planning and health intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Drawing on statistical data, this paper analyses how and why the Minho region (Braga and Viana do Castelo districts) came to hold its semi-peripheral position, not only in relation to central regions but to urban centres such as Lisbon and Porto. Subsequently, it presents a number of development models: neoliberal theories on growth and modernisation, the neo-institutional perspective, neo-Marxist versions of independence and centre-periphery relations, besides territorialism theory. Using the method of statistical analysis of socio-demographic indicators, a clear socioeconomic difference between social groups and sectors was verified. Nevertheless, despite upgrades in infrastructure and transport, Minho suffers from socioeconomic, educational and cultural inequities created by endogenous and exogenous factors such as the globalisation that is currently taking place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This survey descriptive study presents the process leading up to the creation of a global health score for adolescents. In recent years, the concept of health, which is the bases for this study, has undergone changes to include both dysfunctional elements as well as the individual resources that protect health. The sample was made up of 18,955 adolescents between 11 to 18 years of age, in Spain and with participants in each of the regions making up the kingdom of Spain. Using exploratory and confirmatory factorial analysis techniques, the results showed a global dimension of the health, starting from self-report indicators of life satisfaction, health-related quality of life, perception of the general state of health and psychosomatic complaints. This health score decreased as age increased and more notably among girls, as well as in adolescents from low-income families. The comparative analyses between regions showed differences which were, in principle, not attributable to the economic well-being of the geographic area. Finally, these results and their implications were discussed, as well as the importance of the calculation used in the analysis of the social inequalities in health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article conducts an exploratory study about the system of relations among poverty-inequality-violence in the case of youth from different social classes in the valley of Toluca, Mexico. In methodological terms, it is a combination between quantitative and qualitative perspectives, in which the qualitative acquires a central role in the process of comprehending and discovering the relational systems. The study finds that conditions of material poverty acquire social meaning as part of a network of situatuons of exclusion and discrimination where violence becomes the coordinating axis for the narrative of the socila subjects. In this sense, forms of violence become determining in the biographical development and daily life of the youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Politicos (01215167) is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sociología del Trabajo is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present article contributes to reflect and debate about the Family Health Program (PSF, for its name in Spanish) in the social inequities struggle, framed into the Unified Health System (SUS, for its name in Spanish) of Brazil. Social inequities, a contemporary world phenomenon that brings about poverty, show in the health field their most cruel face represented by high maternal and infant mortality rates (TMM and TMI, respectively for their names in Spanish). Some of the investigaions' outcomes about the Family Health Program are examined grounded on the perspective of Boaventura de Sousa Santos and Edgar Morin -education and social epistemology scholars. They confirm that the program has contributed to lower inequities regarding basic healtn afternion in the SUS, especially those related to the aforementioned rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]