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We assessed the qualitative and quantitative changes in the essential oil derived from the leaves ofOcimum basilicumL. stored in different types of packaging. The effect of storage temperature on the oil from fresh leaves was also investigated. There were no significant differences in the average yields of oil obtained from leaves stored in paper or plastic bags over a twelve-month period; but, independent of packaging, the oil content was reduced by 0.1% per month. The relative concentrations of the major constituents, linalool and geraniol, were 76.1% and 16.7%, respectively, for leaves stored in paper bags for twelve months and 77.1% and 16.6%, respectively, for leaves stored in plastic bags. No differences were detected in the concentrations of the major components of the oil obtained from leaves that were stored for twelve months at −20°, 4° or 25°C, although the concentrations of the minor constituents oscillated significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The growth and chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) depend on several factors in particular the supply of fertilization. The use of fertilization with different manure sources and doses in a sustainable production system are critical factors in integrated nutrient management and play an important role in increasing of quantity and quality of medicinal plant. Furthermore, organic manures play an important role in the growth of plants leading to organic and cleaner production. Hence, a field experiment was conducted to study the usage of different organic manures and chemical fertilizers on biomass production, accumulation of nutrients in the leaves, essential oil content, essential oil yield and chemical compositions of Thymus vulgaris. In addition to these objectives, providing an economical and low-cost alternative with the use of organic fertilizers. The treatments consisted of: three sources of organic manure (quail, cattle, and goat) at four doses, chemical fertilizer and the control (without fertilizer). Significant differences were observed between manure sources and doses in virtually all response variables. The results showed that the highest biomass and leaf nutrients of T. vulgaris was obtained in plants treated with quail and cattle manure. Higher production of reactive oxygen species was observed in plants fertilized with goat manure, which generally showed the lowest levels of leaf nutrients. The results showed that the highest essential oil yield of T. vulgaris was obtained in plants treated with cattle manure compared to the control treatment. Thymol was major chemical compound of thyme tended to increase with increasing doses of the three sources of organic manures. The present study indicated that the usage of the right dose and source organic manure are crucial to provide quantitative-qualitative gains in the cultivation of T. vulgaris. [Display omitted] • Quail manure requires lower doses for better growth of thyme plants. • Quail and cattle manure provided a higher dry weight gain than chemical fertilization. • Higher doses of cattle manure had the highest contents and yields of essential oils. • Thymol tended to increase with increasing doses of the three sources of manure. • Higher production of reactive oxygen species was observed with goat manure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mesos components are the nutrients required by intermediate concentrations and recently, it are identified as one of the most influential groups of nutrients in Murashige and Skoog medium. Dysphania ambrosioides L. is a medicinal species used mainly as anti-helminthic around the world. The aim of the present study is to assess this species’ growth and volatile constituent parameters in vitro based on mineral nutrition with different components concentrations. Different magnesium sulfate – MgSO 4 (0; 185; 370; 740; 1480 mg L −1 ), calcium chloride – CaCl 2 (0; 220; 440; 880; 1760 mg L −1 ), and monopotassium phosphate – KH 2 PO 4 (0; 85; 170; 340; 680 mg L −1 ) concentrations in the Murashige and Skoog medium were tested in the nodal segments. Overall, components influenced the growth of Dysphania ambrosioides L. nodal segments in vitro . The most adequate components intervals on MS medium for the maintenance of Dysphania ambrosioides L. nodal segments in vitro are: from 1039 to 1069 mg L −1 of MgSO 4 , from 958 to 1301 mg L −1 of CaCl 2 , and from 329 to 397 mg L −1 of KH 2 PO 4 . The content in main volatile fraction constituents was influenced by different components concentrations in vitro . For treatments with 0 and 1480 mg L −1 of MgSO 4 and 0 mg L −1 CaCl 2 had more ascaridole content. The analysis of loadings allowed observing that ascaridole had negative correlation with cymene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of different culture media, strength MS media and plant growth regulators (PGR) was assessed through the growth and production of the volatile fraction composition in Ocimum basilicum (basil). The treatments were: the use of different culture media (MS, B5 and WPM), strength MS media (2MS, MS, ½MS and ¼MS) and different PGR combinations or only IAA, NAA, IBA, BAP and TDZ. The leaf number, nodal segment, shoot number, lenght, shoot dry weight, root number, root size, root dry weight, as well as the volatile fraction analysis through Head-Space – GC/MS were assessed at the 40th culture day. The present results suggest that media type, MS concentration and the growth regulator types have qualitative and quantitatively influenced the growth and volatile composition. A higher amount of methyleugenol in the media 2MS and ¼MS, and higher content of linalool and 1,8-cineole in MS and WPM were observed. The PGR improved biomass production and induced quantitative modifications in the production of major volatile constituents in Ocimum basilicum plantlets, although the same major compounds were produced in all treatments. There was a tendency to estragole synthesis in the presence of auxin combined with cytokinin. There was a tendency to linalool synthesis in the presence of auxin isolates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]