48 results on '"Testosterona"'
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2. Most common risk factors distribution for cervical cancer.
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abdulla, Kawakeb N., abid, Sahar Jassim, Salih, Solafa Rabi, Alheshimi, Saba Jassim, and Al-Attar, Zaid
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CERVICAL cancer ,OBESITY in women ,SEX hormones ,CONTRACEPTION ,CANCER patients - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension is the property of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
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3. Influence of sexual hormones on Chagas disease.
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Reboreda-Hernández, Óscar A., Ortiz-Butron, Rocío, Nogueda-Torres, Benjamin, and González-Rodríguez, Nayeli
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CHAGAS' disease , *SEX hormones , *PARAMETRIC equations , *PARASITEMIA , *HISTOPATHOLOGY , *TWO-way analysis of variance , *ESTRADIOL - Abstract
Objective: Analyze sex hormone's influence during Chagas disease. Methods: Male and female BALB/c mice were divided into six groups, four experimental (sham, orchiectomized, orchiectomized and supplemented with estradiol, orchiectomized supplemented with testosterone, oophorectomized, oophorectomized and supplemented with estradiol, and oophorectomized and supplemented with testosterone), and two control (healthy and intraperitoneally with T. cruzi strain NINOA infected). Clinical data were recorded daily, parasitemia was evaluated using a Neubauer chamber during the infection, and heart histopathological analysis was performed using the paraffin embedding technique. To analyze parasitemia curves and the area under the parametric curves, two-way ANOVA test was performed to correlate groups' data. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Higher mortality rates, cardiomegaly, hepatomegaly, ascites, edema, higher parasitemia levels, more amastigote nests, and more severe inflammatory infiltrate were found in higher testosterone concentration mice, whereas in higher estradiol concentration groups, paresia, prostration, edema, and necrosis were found. Conclusions: Our results showed that testosterone increased infection severity, whereas estradiol had the opposite effect. This research improves the understanding of sex hormones' infuence upon this infection to contribute with the handling of Chagas' disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. Circulating sex hormones in women with severe anxiety during pregnancy.
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Leff-Gelman, Philippe, Camacho-Arroyo, Ignacio, Camacho Pacheco, Rodrigo Tonalli, Coronel Cruz, Fausto Moisés, Gaspard Cervantes, Annette Valerie, Jiménez Aquino, Laura Elena, Solares-Bravo, Melissa, and Flores-Ramos, Mónica
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ANXIETY , *STEROIDS , *SEX hormones , *PREGNANT women , *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress , *PROGESTERONE , *TESTOSTERONE , *ESTRADIOL - Abstract
Introduction. Anxiety, mood- and stress-related behaviors are regulated by sex hormones in pregnant and non-pregnant women. Very scarce information exists about the role of sex steroids in pregnant women displaying high levels of anxiety. Objective. To determine sex hormones serum levels in pregnant women exhibiting high levels of anxiety symptoms. Method. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS/ HAM-A) was used to assess the intensity of anxiety symptoms in third-trimester pregnant women. Two groups were included in the study, pregnant women exhibiting severe anxiety (ANX; HARS scores ≥ 25; n = 101) and healthy control subjects (CTRL; n = 40) displaying lower scores for anxiety (HARS scores ≤ 7). Estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), and testosterone (T) serum levels were measured using a standard chemiluminescent immunoassay. Bivariate and partial correlations were performed to detect significant associations between groups, clinical measures, biochemical data, and HARS scores. Results. The anxiety group (ANX) showed an increase in E2 and T serum levels (p < .001) compared to CTRL. Conversely, significantly lower P4 levels were found in the symptomatic group (p < .001) as compared to the CTRL hormone values. The P4:E2 index was significantly reduced in pregnant women with high levels of anxiety (p < .001). Negative correlations between anxiety (HARS) scores, P4 serum levels (p = .02), and P4:E2 ratio (p = .04) were found in the symptomatic group. Conversely, T serum levels displayed a positive association (p = .001) with high levels of anxiety symptoms in the same group, after adjusting our data by clinical confounders. Discussion and conclusion. Serum levels of sex-steroid hormones are altered in pregnant women exhibiting severe anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. Recomendaciones para la medición de esteroides sexuales en la práctica clínica. Documento de posicionamiento SEQCML/SEEN/SEEP
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Casals Gregori, Ferrer Costa Roser, Urgell Rull Eulàlia, Escobar-Morreale Héctor F., Argente Jesús, Sesmilo Gemma, and Biagetti Betina
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esteroides sexuales ,testosterona ,estradiol ,inmunoensayo ,espectrometría de masas ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
La correcta aproximación clínica a un amplio grupo de situaciones depende en gran medida de la disponibilidad de resultados analíticos de esteroides sexuales que sean exactos y reproducibles, obtenidos con métodos con la especificidad y sensibilidad analíticas adecuadas. En este sentido, los inmunoanálisis quimioluminiscentes actuales presentan limitaciones analíticas con repercusiones clínicas importantes. El documento de posicionamiento revisa el estado actual en la estandarización de los métodos de medida de estradiol y testosterona y su repercusión en distintas situaciones clínicas. Se incluye asimismo una serie de recomendaciones a seguir para introducir en los sistemas nacionales de salud los análisis de esteroides por espectrometría de masas, metodología recomendada desde hace más de una década por las sociedades internacionales.
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- 2023
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6. Oxitocina y vasopresina: diferencias sexuales y sus implicaciones clínicas.
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Mondragón-Ceballos, Ricardo, Barrios-De Tomasi, Jorgelina, and Estela Hernández-López, Leonor
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Oxytocin and vasopressin share a similar chemical structure but have different functions. Both hormones are produced in different brain areas, are transported through the hypophyseal portal system, pass to the anterior hypophysis, and released to reach their target organs. These hormones also act as neuromodulators, where its receptors are found in the lateral septum, the middle amygdala, the hippocampus, the hypothalamus, and the brain stem. These brain structures regulate socio-sexual behaviors in vertebrates. Moreover, the oxytocinergic and the vasopressin systems are sexually different. The sexual steroids promote oxytocin release and the oxytocin receptor synthesis, as well as promoting or inhibiting vasopressin release and its receptor genetic transcription. Both neuropeptides are involved in social recognition, male-female pair bonding, aggression, and cognition. Furthermore, the disruption or malfunctioning of the oxytocin and vasopressin systems adds to the causes of some psychiatric disorders like depression, schizophrenia, autism, and borderline personality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
7. Recomendaciones para la medición de esteroides sexuales en la práctica clínica. Documento de posicionamiento SEQCML/SEEN/SEEP.
- Author
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Casals, Gregori, Ferrer Costa, Roser, Urgell Rull, Eulàlia, Escobar-Morreale, Héctor F., Argente, Jesús, Sesmilo, Gemma, and Biagetti, Betina
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Copyright of Advances in Laboratory Medicine / Avances en Medicina de Laboratorio is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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8. Descripción de los niveles de testosterona, estradiol y cortisol en Pseudoplatystoma metaense x Leiarius marmoratus.
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Moreno-Guerra, Yeferson A., Rodríguez-Pulido, José Ariel, Nieto-Vera, Mónica T., Mira-López, Tatiana, and Cruz-Casallas, Pablo
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RAINFALL , *AROMATASE , *HYDROCORTISONE , *TESTOSTERONE , *BLOOD sampling , *STEROIDS , *REPRODUCTION - Abstract
Steroids play an essential role in coordinating the activities of the hypothalamic-pitu-itary-gonad axis and their activity in controlling multiple processes, including mating and reproduction. The current study described the serum levels of testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), and cortisol in specimens older than two years of Pseudoplatystoma metaense x Leiarius marmoratus in captive conditions. Eight samplings were carried out from January to October. Nine hybrid individuals were used between males and females (4: 5, respectively), with 7 ± 2 individuals being randomly selected for each sampling. The blood samples were processed and analyzed every 40-45 days during the experimental period. The levels of T in males (0.65 ng/ml) and E2 in females (0.88 ng/ml) presented the highest peaks during the months of the most significant rainfall in the region (June -July) that triggered the beginning of the reproductive season. On the one hand, E2 levels in females are possibly associated with ovarian maturation and aromatase activity, while males showed decreases of 0.1 ng/ml from June to July; and a maximum increase of 0.7 ng/ml for October. On the other hand, cortisol levels increased towards the breeding season, being higher in females (18.8 - 25.4 ng/ml). This may indicate that despite high cortisol concentrations, steroid production was not inhibited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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9. Herramientas clínicas en el diagnóstico del desarrollo sexual anómalo: ¿del análisis hormonal al análisis genético?
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Rey Rodolfo A.
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estradiol ,fsh ,hormona antimülleriana ,secuenciación de alto rendimiento ,testosterona ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Published
- 2021
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10. Fisiopatología del daño multiorgánico en la infección por SARS-CoV-2.
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Tiburcio López-Pérez, Gerardo, Patricia Ramírez-Sandoval, María de Lourdes, and Solyenetzin Torres-Altamirano, Mayra
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SARS-CoV-2 could originate from unknown bats or intermediate hosts and cross the species barrier to humans. Virus-host interactions affect viral entry and replication. The virus genome encodes four essential structural proteins, the spike glycoprotein, the small envelope protein, the matrix proteins, and the nucleocapsid protein. The SARSCoV- 2 glycoprotein S binds to the host cell receptors of the enzyme, the conversion of angiotensin 2 (ACE2), which is a critical step for virus entry. It is expressed more in men than in women, probably by estradiol and testosterone that can influence ACE activity in different ways. In the viremia phase, it passes from the salivary glands and mucous membranes, especially the nasal and larynx, to the lungs and other organs with the same ACE2 receptors, such as the heart, liver, and even the central nervous system. It can reach the intestines, which can explain the symptoms and is detected in the stool from the beginning of the infection. Comorbidities such as immunodeficient status, old age, systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus or chronic lung diseases, obesity or smoking are key to viral pathogenesis. When the immune system is inefficient to effectively control the virus in the acute phase, it can evolve into a macrophage activation syndrome that results in the dreaded cytokine storm that puts the patient in a very critical condition. Understanding the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection is the cornerstone to provide timely diagnosis and implement appropriate treatment for patients, limiting the spread of the virus and ultimately eliminating the presence of the virus in humanity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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11. PERFIL DE ESTEROIDES SEXUALES DEL CAPITÁN DE LA SABANA (Eremophilus mutisii) DURANTE UN CICLO HIDROLÓGICO COMPLETO
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Miguel A. Landines P., Camilo A. Prieto M., Liliana Rodríguez V., and Rafael Rosado P.
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Testosterona ,Estradiol ,IGS ,Reproducción de peces ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Fueron capturados, mensualmente, adultos de Eremophilus mutisii, en la parte alta del río Bogotá (Municipio de Suesca). Los ejemplares fueron anestesiados, pesados y medidos. Posteriormente, se tomaron muestras de sangre, se extrajeron y se pesaron las gónadas, para cálculo del índice gonadosomático (IGS). Se determinaron testosterona (T) y estradiol (E2), por quimioluminiscencia. La proporción de hembras fue mayor que la de machos, existiendo muestreos en los que solo se obtuvieron hembras. Los niveles de T en hembras permanecieron muy bajos durante todo el ciclo, manteniéndose así o indetectables, con un único pico en octubre. En machos, los niveles fueron superiores, alcanzando valores mayores en abril, septiembre, noviembre y diciembre, con pico en noviembre. El E2 en hembras mostró niveles variables, observándose niveles elevados durante noviembre, diciembre y enero, con pico en diciembre. En machos, solo fue posible determinar E2 en noviembre, diciembre, marzo, abril y mayo, puesto que durante febrero, junio, agosto y septiembre, los valores fueron indetectabes y en los meses restantes, no se capturó ningún macho. El valor máximo fue en noviembre y el mínimo en marzo y abril. En hembras, los picos de E2 coincidieron con los valores más altos de IGS, mientras que la T mantuvo su valor bajo, independientemente de dicho índice. En machos, la relación entre T e IGS también fue coincidente, aunque no de manera tan evidente como en hembras. No se observó una tendencia clara entre la relación de E2 e IGS para machos.
- Published
- 2017
12. An Exploratory Analysis on the 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Its Relationship with Social Responsiveness in Adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome
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Sara Gámez, Jesus Cobo, Meritxell Fernández-Lafitte, Ramón Coronas, Isabel Parra, Joan Carles Oliva, Aida Àlvarez, Susanna Esteba-Castillo, Olga Giménez-Palop, Raquel Corripio, Diego J. Palao, Assumpta Caixàs, [Gámez S, Fernández-Lafitte M, Coronas R] Departament de Salut Mental, Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (CIBERSAM), Sabadell, Spain. [Cobo J, Parra I] Departament de Salut Mental, Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona(CIBERSAM), Sabadell, Spain. Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain. [Oliva JC] Unitat d'Estadística, Fundació Parc Taulí( CERCA), Sabadell, Spain. [Àlvarez A] Departament de Salut Mental, Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain. [Esteba-Castillo S] Departament Especialitzat de Salut Mental i Discapacitat Intel·lectual, Institut d'Assistència Sanitària, Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià, Salt, Spain, and Institut d'Assistència Sanitària
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prenatal ,Prader–Willi syndrome ,Nervous System Diseases::Neurologic Manifestations::Neurobehavioral Manifestations::Intellectual Disability::Prader-Willi Syndrome [DISEASES] ,disciplinas de las ciencias naturales::disciplinas de las ciencias biológicas::biología::biología computacional::genómica::epigenómica [DISCIPLINAS Y OCUPACIONES] ,estradiol ,Social functioning ,D2:D4 ,Prenatal ,D4 [D2] ,Testosterone ,Function ,Functionality ,functionality ,Testosterona ,enfermedades del sistema nervioso::manifestaciones neurológicas::manifestaciones neuroconductuales::discapacidad intelectual::síndrome de Prader-Willi [ENFERMEDADES] ,Prader-Willi, Síndrome de ,function ,Natural Science Disciplines::Biological Science Disciplines::Biology::Computational Biology::Genomics::Epigenomics [DISCIPLINES AND OCCUPATIONS] ,Estradiol ,Epigenetic ,General Medicine ,Epigenètica ,Social responsiveness ,social responsiveness ,social functioning ,compuestos policíclicos::compuestos con anillos de fusión::esteroides::androstanos::androstenos::androstenoles::testosterona [COMPUESTOS QUÍMICOS Y DROGAS] ,testosterone ,Prader-Willi syndrome ,Polycyclic Compounds::Fused-Ring Compounds::Steroids::Androstanes::Androstenes::Androstenols::Testosterone [CHEMICALS AND DRUGS] ,epigenetic - Abstract
D2:D4; Prader–Willi syndrome; Epigenetic D2:D4; Síndrome de Prader-Willi; Epigenètica D2:D4; Síndrome de Prader-Willi; Epigenética Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder produced by a lack of expression of paternally derived genes in the 15q11-13 region. Research has generally focused on its genetic and behavioral expression, but only a few studies have examined epigenetic influences. Prenatal testosterone or the maternal testosterone-to-estradiol ratio (MaTtEr) has been suggested to play an important role in the development of the 'social brain' during pregnancy. Some studies propose the 2D:4D digit ratio of the hand as an indirect MaTtEr measure. The relationship between social performance and MaTtEr has been studied in other neurodevelopmental conditions such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), but to our best knowledge, it has never been studied in PWS. Therefore, our study aims to clarify the possible existence of a relationship between social performance-as measured using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS)-and MaTtEr levels using the 2D:4D ratio. We found that, as a group, PWS individuals have shorter index and ring fingers than the control group, but no significant difference in the 2D:4D ratios. The 2D:4D ratio showed a correlation only with Restricted Interests and Repetitive Behavior Subscale, where a positive correlation only for male individuals with PWS was found. Considering only PWS with previous GH treatment during childhood/adolescence (PWS-GH), index and ring fingers did not show differences in length with the control group, but the 2D:4D ratio was significantly higher in the right or dominant hand compared to controls. Support of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation/ISCIII/FEDER (PI21/01148); and J.C. thanks the Secretaria d’Universitats i Recerca del Departament d’Economia i Coneixement of the Generalitat de Catalunya (2017 SGR 1412); the CERCA program of the I3PT; the Instituto de Salud Carlos III; and the CIBER of Mental Health (CIBERSAM).
- Published
- 2023
13. Alteration of the sexual response cycle in women using combined oral contraceptives.
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De La Hoz, Franklin José Espitia and Orozco Gallego, Hoover
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MENSTRUAL cycle ,CONTRACEPTIVES ,ESTRADIOL ,ORAL contraceptives ,SEXUAL cycle ,WOMEN'S sexual behavior ,ANDROGENS - Abstract
Copyright of Salud Uninorte is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
14. Maturational stages: comparison of growth and physical capacity indicators in adolescents.
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Pinto, Vanessa Carla Monteiro, dos Santos, Petrus Gantois Massa Dias, da Silva Cunha de Medeiros, Rafaela Catherine, Souza, Francisco Emílio Simplício, dos Santos Simões, Thaisys Blanc, de Carvalho Dantas, Renata Poliane Nacer, and de Araújo Tinôco Cabral, Breno Guilherme
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PHYSICAL activity , *ADOLESCENT health , *BIOLUMINESCENCE - Abstract
Introduction: The identification of physical capacity is an important marker related to healthy behavior during childhood and adolescence, in which some factors appear to contribute to motor performance such as maturation and hormonal levels. Objective: To compare growth indicators, physical capacity and hormonal markers according to gender and maturational stage in adolescents. Methods: Eighty-nine adolescents of both genders aged 10-13 years participated in the study. Sexual maturation was evaluated using the Tanner's self-evaluation method. Physical capacity (explosive strength of upper and lower limbs, upper limb velocity and agility) and hormonal markers (testosterone and estradiol) were evaluated through the chemiluminescence method. Results: In the comparison by gender, girls had higher weight (p = 0.023), height (p = 0.018) and fat percentage values (p = 0.001), while boys presented better motor performance for the explosive strength of upper limbs (p = 0.005) and lower limbs (p = 0.011), agility (0.018) and upper limb velocity (p = 0.014). Regarding maturational stage, boys did not present differences in any variable analyzed; (Stage V versus I), height (stage III, IV and V versus I) and upper limb explosive strength (stage III and IV versus I). Conclusion: Growth, weight and height, as well as explosive strength of upper limbs were higher in girls at more advanced maturational stages and appear to be gender dependent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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15. Herramientas clínicas en el diagnóstico del desarrollo sexual anómalo: ¿del análisis hormonal al análisis genético?
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Rodolfo Rey
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secuenciación de alto rendimiento ,Medical Laboratory Technology ,testosterona ,business.industry ,estradiol ,fsh ,Medical technology ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Medicine ,R855-855.5 ,business ,hormona antimülleriana ,Education - Published
- 2021
16. Relação da idade óssea e marcadores hormonais com a capacidade física de adolescentes.
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Monteiro Pinto, Vanessa Carla, dos Santos, Petrus Gantois Massa Dias, Peixoto Dantas, Matheus, de Freitas Araújo, João Paulo, de Araújo Tinoco Cabral, Suzet, and de Araújo Tinoco Cabral, Breno Guilherme
- Abstract
Introduction: Physical capabilities are an important parameter of the functional development of adolescents, not only by chronological age but also by their maturational state, as individuals with the same chronological age can have different performance to their less mature counterparts. Objective: To compare and relate the physical capabilities and hormonal markers according to sex and maturity of adolescents. Methods: The sample consisted of adolescents of both sexes, aged 10 to 14 years. We evaluated the maturity achieved by a predictive equation of skeletal age, physical capabilities (explosive power of upper and lower limbs, velocity of upper limbs and agility) and hormonal markers (testosterone and oestradiol) via chemiluminescence. Results: Females showed more advanced maturational status, higher weight, body height and oestradiol levels; males performed better in the explosive force of upper and lower limbs, upper limb speed, agility and testosterone levels. In the normal maturational state males showed greater skeletal age, body weight, body height, explosive strength of upper and lower limbs, and testosterone levels; the females in the normal maturational state had higher skeletal age, body weight, body height, explosive upper limb strength and oestradiol levels. In the male correlation analysis, bone age was related to the explosive strength of upper and lower limbs and testosterone; while bone age in females was related to explosive upper limb strength and oestradiol. Conclusion: It is concluded that maturation, testosterone and oestradiol levels play an important role in the physical aspects and performance of motor skills of adolescents, especially in upper limb force which was more related to the maturation obtained by skeletal age of males and females. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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17. Relationship between skeletal age, hormonal markers and physical capacity in adolescents.
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Monteiro Pinto, Vanessa Carla, dos Santos, Petrus Gantois Massa Dias, Peixoto Dantas, Matheus, de Freitas Araújo, João Paulo, de Araújo Tinoco Cabral, Suzet, and de Araújo Tinoco Cabral, Breno Guilherme
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ADOLESCENCE ,SKELETAL maturity ,PHYSICAL activity - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Crescimento e Desenvolvimento Humano is the property of Centro de Estudos de Crescimento e Desenvolvimento do Ser Humano and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
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18. Desenvolvimento testicular, espermatogênese e concentrações hormonais em touros Angus Testicular development, spermatogenesis and hormonal concentrations in Angus bulls
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Gyselle Viana Aguiar, Airton Alencar Araújo, and Arlindo de Alencar Araripe Moura
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estradiol ,Sertoli ,testículos ,testosterona ,testis ,testosterone ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
Este estudo foi realizado com a finalidade de avaliar a evolução das secreções hormonais e do epitélio seminífero em touros da raça Angus de 10 a 38 semanas de idade. Foram castrados 1 a 5 animais em intervalos de quatro semanas (total de 25 touros) para coleta de amostras do parênquima testicular e do plasma sanguíneo. As variáveis relacionadas ao crescimento testicular, aos aspectos quantitativos da espermatogênese e aos níveis hormonais foram transformadas em logaritmo e avaliadas por meio de análise de variância. O diâmetro dos testículos e túbulos seminíferos e o peso testicular apresentaram variações mais acentuadas após 26 semanas de idade. A porcentagem do parênquima testicular ocupado pelos túbulos seminíferos aumentou de 49,3 para 75,2% durante o experimento. A maioria dos túbulos (>90%) apresentou-se com células de Sertoli somente entre 10 e 14 semanas, mas na 18ª (13,8±1,7%) e 22ª semanas (19±1%), o número de túbulos com gonócitos e espermatogônias aumentou em relação às semanas iniciais. Espermatogônias intermediárias e B predominaram na 26ª semana (24,5±8,2%) e a porcentagem de túbulos com espermatócitos foi mais elevada na 30ª semana (42,3±9,9%). Espermátides arredondadas foram detectadas partir da 26ª semana e, na 38ª semana, 62,3±1,5% dos túbulos seminíferos continham espermátides alongadas ou maduras. As variações mais acentuadas no crescimento testicular e, principalmente, no peso testicular após as 26 semanas coincidiram com o estabelecimento da meiose, com as alterações morfológicas do núcleo e nucléolo das células de Sertoli (indicativos do processo de diferenciação das mesmas), com os níveis reduzidos de androstenediona e os incrementos significativos de testosterona e estradiol 17beta. As associações entre o crescimento testicular e os níveis de FSH e LH na circulação periférica foram menos evidentes.This study aimed to evaluate changes in hormone secretion and in seminiferous epithelium of Angus bulls between 10 and 38 weeks of age. Samples of testicular parenchyma and blood were collected from 25 animals castrated in 4 week intervals. Traits associated to testicular development and quantitative aspects of spermatogenesis and hormonal concentrations were transformed by logarithm before analyses of variance. Changes in testis and seminiferous tubule diameter and testis weight were more pronounced after 26 weeks of age. The percentage of testicular parenchyma occupied by seminiferous tubules increased from 49.3 to 75.2% from 10 to 38 weeks. Most tubules (>90%) had only Sertoli cells at 10 and 14 weeks, but the number of tubules with gonocytes and A spermatogonia increased at 18 (13.8±1.7%) and 22 weeks (19±1%). Tubules with B and intermediate spermatogonia became predominant at 26 weeks (24.5±8.2%) and those with spermatocytes as the most advanced germ cell type were more evident at 30 weeks (42.3±9.9%). Round spermatids were detected at 26 weeks and at 38 weeks of age, 62.3±1.5% of all tubules had either elongate or mature spermatids. Variations in testis growth (specially testis weight) after 26 weeks were coincident with the establishment of meiosis in the seminiferous tubules, morphological alterations in nucleus and nucleolus of the Sertoli cells (indicators of Sertoli cell differentiation), lower levels of androstenedione and significant increases in testosterone and estradiol 17beta. Associations between testis development and concentrations of FSH and LH were less evident.
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- 2006
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19. Ocorrência e tratamento de quadros depressivos por hormônios sexuais
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Cláudio N Soares, Jennifer Prouty, and Jennifer Poitras
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Estradiol ,Estrógenos ,Testosterona ,Sulfato de DHEA ,Depressão ,Terapêutica ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
O processo de envelhecimento promove alterações significativas na produção e no equilíbrio dos níveis circulantes de diversos hormônios sexuais em homens e mulheres. Acredita-se que esses hormônios (estrógenos, progestógenos, testosterona, dehidroepiandrosterona [DHEA]) exercem papel modulador sobre diversas funções psíquicas, particularmente sobre o humor e a cognição. Alterações nesse papel modulador causadas por variações abruptas dos hormônios sexuais circulantes -- como as que ocorrem, por exemplo, durante a transição menopausal -- favorecem o surgimento de queixas depressivas. No entanto, a utilização terapêutica de hormônios sexuais pode promover alívio ou mesmo remissão de sintomas depressivos, como já foi caracterizado com o uso de estradiol em mulheres em perimenopausa e com a administração de testosterona após a menopausa. Este artigo aborda, por revisão da literatura, os diversos papéis atribuídos aos hormônios sexuais no desenvolvimento e tratamento das queixas depressivas. Estudos sobre a eficácia terapêutica de estrógenos, testosterona e DHEA nos quadros depressivos são discutidos de forma crítica. Em essência, existem resultados preliminares bastante promissores, particularmente quanto ao uso de estradiol e testosterona em subpopulações específicas para alívio de sintomas depressivos. Futuras investigações devem melhor definir a utilização de hormônios como agente depressivo monoterápico ou adjuntivo, bem como delinear os riscos e as contra-indicações associados a seu uso.
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- 2002
- Full Text
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20. Gonadotropinas y sexoesteroides en mujeres posmenopáusicas del círculo de abuelos
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Elio Lozano Álvarez, Rubén S Padrón Durán, and Armando Seuc Jo
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HFE ,HL ,PROLACTINA ,TESTOSTERONA ,ESTRADIOL ,ANDROSTENEDIONA ,HIDROXIPROGESTERONAS ,RADIO-INMUNOENSAYO ,POSMENOPAUSIA ,SALUD DEL ANCIANO ,EJERCICIO ,FSH ,LH ,PROLACTIN ,TESTOSFERONE ,ANDROSTENEDIONE ,HYDROXYPROGESTERONES ,RADIOIMMUNOASSAY ,POSTMENOPAUSE ,AGAIN HEALTH ,EXERCISE ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
En publicaciones recientes se han evaluado varios factores que pueden influir en las hormonas de la reproducción durante el climaterio. En nuestro medio no existen investigaciones sobre esta problemática, razón por la cual se diseñó este estudio con el objetivo de conocer la relación entre los niveles hormonales posmenopáusicos y la actividad en los círculos de abuelos. Se seleccionó una muestra simple aleatoria de 134 mujeres posmenopáusicas, estratificada según participaran o no en el círculo de abuelos (67 en cada estrato), de un área de salud urbana. Se determinaron por radioinmunoanálisis las siguientes hormonas: FSH, LH, prolactina, testosterona, estradiol 17 beta, androstenediona y 17 hidroxiprogesterona (17 OH-P). La prolactina fue mayor en las mujeres que no participan en las actividades del círculo de abuelos, mientras que la testosterona y la 17 OH-P fueron menores con respecto al grupo que participa en el círculo de abuelos. El resto de las hormonas no mostró diferencias entre los 2 grupos. Según estos resultados, las actividades realizadas por estas mujeres en el círculo de abuelos influyen en los niveles de algunas de las hormonas de la reproducción, lo que pudiera tener efectos favorables para la salud, al disminuir el estrés y en particular sobre la osteoporosis que se desarrolla en esta época de la vida.Some of the factors that may influence the hormones of reporduction during the climaterium have been evaluated in recent publications. No research has been done in our country on this topic and that's why this study eas desingned aimed at knowing the relation existing between the postmenopausal hormonal levels sample of 134 postmenopausal women from an urban health area was taken and divided according to their participation in such a circle (67 in each group). the following hormones were detemined by radioimmunoassay: FSH, LH, porlactin, testosterone, estradiol, androstenedione and 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17 OH-P). prolactin was higher in those women who do not take part in the activities of the grandparents' circle; whereas testosterone and 17 OH-P were lower compared with the group participating in the activities. No difference was found in the rest of the hormones. According to these results the activities carried out by these women at the grandparents' circle influence the levels of some of the reproduction hormones, which may have favorable effects for health, on reducciong stress, and particularly on osteoporosis that appears during this period of life.
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- 1997
21. Gonadal development of Piracanjubas (Brycon orbignyanus) maintained in differents water temperature
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Carvalho, Helena Robattini and Streit Júnior, Danilo Pedro
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Piracanjuba ,Estradiol ,Migratory fish ,Temperature ,Testosterone ,Sex differentiation ,Testosterona ,Sex ratio ,Reprodução animal - Abstract
Em peixes, a razão sexual é o principal parâmetro demográfico que influencia a estrutura e a viabilidade de uma população. Este parâmetro é resultado da diferenciação sexual, que pode depender de fatores genéticos e ambientais, sendo a temperatura a principal característica ambiental a afetar este processo. Com isso, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da temperatura sobre o desenvolvimento gonadal e razão sexual de Brycon orbignyanus. Os animais foram mantidos em três temperaturas (20, 23 e 26°C) a partir do início da alimentação exógena. Ao completarem 420 dias pós-fecundação, foram coletados dez indivíduos por tratamento, para análises histológica e hormonal das gônadas. Os resultados apontaram padrões sexuais dependentes da temperatura. Todos os animais mantidos em 20°C ainda estavam indiferenciados, tendo em suas gônadas somente células somáticas. Na temperatura de 23°C, a maioria dos animais eram machos imaturos (7/9). Em contrapartida, dos animais mantidos na temperatura mais alta (26°C), a maioria era machos em desenvolvimento (6/9). Nesta temperatura (26°C) também foram encontrados machos com gônadas em fase de regressão (2/9). Na análise hormonal, a única temperatura em que os animais possuíam estradiol presente foi em 23°C. Foi possível quantificar a testosterona nos animais dos três tratamentos. Podemos concluir que temperaturas contínuas de 23 e 26°C em cativeiro produzem uma razão sexual desequilibrada em Brycon orbignyanus em favor do sexo masculino, assim como há um desenvolvimento gonadal acelerado na temperatura de 26°C, uma vez que os machos deste tratamento se apresentaram maduros com um ano e dois meses de idade. In fishes, sex ratio is the main demographic parameter that influences the structure and viability of a population. This parameter is the result of sexual differentiation, which depends on genetic and environmental factors, with temperature being the main environmental characteristic to affect this process. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of temperature on gonadal development and sex ratio in the Brycon orbignyanus. Animals were kept at three temperatures (20, 23 and 26°C) since the beginning of exogenous feeding. After 420 days following fertilization, ten individuals were collected per treatment, for histologic and steroid hormonal measurement of the gonads. The results showed a sexual pattern dependent of temperature. All animals kept at 20°C were undifferentiated, with only somatic cells in their gonads. At 23°C, most of the animals were immature males (7/9). On the other hand, among the animals kept at the higher temperature (26°C), the majority was males in development (6/9). In this temperature (26°C) males with gonads in regression phase were found too. In the hormonal assay, the only tratament where the animals had detectable estradiol was at 23°C. It was possible to quantify the testosterone in the animals of the three treatments. We can conclude that continuous 23 and 26°C temperatures favor the testicular development in B. orbignyanus, as well as the gonadal development is accelerated in fish farming at 26°C, once the males in this treatment had maturity with one year and two months of age.
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- 2020
22. Telomere length and telomerase activity in immature oocytes and Cumulus cells of women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
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Daiana Cristina Chielli Pedroso, Cristiana Libardi Miranda Furtado, Flavia S. Donaires, Maria Aparecida Neves Cardoso Picinato, Viviane Paiva Santana, David L. Keefe, Rosana Maria dos Reis, Roberta Cristina Giorgenon, Rodrigo T. Calado, Barbara A. Santana, Rui Alberto Ferriani, and Ricardo N. Pimentel
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Adult ,0301 basic medicine ,Telomerase ,Biology ,Body Mass Index ,Andrology ,03 medical and health sciences ,TESTOSTERONA ,Oogenesis ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Insulin ,Testosterone ,Prospective Studies ,Cumulus Cells ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,Germinal vesicle ,Estradiol ,Free androgen index ,Androstenedione ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Telomere ,Oocyte ,Polycystic ovary ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Case-Control Studies ,Oocytes ,Female ,Folliculogenesis ,Follicle Stimulating Hormone ,Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - Abstract
Metaphase II oocytes (MII) from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) frequently have impaired oocyte competence. Since telomere maintenance is important for folliculogenesis, oocyte maturation, and early embryonic development, we sought to verify the implications of PCOS on telomere length and telomerase activity in immature oocytes and cumulus cells. 43 PCOS and 67 control women were included, and anthropometric, biochemical, and hormonal characteristics were evaluated. The telomere length in germinal vesicle stage (GV) and in metaphase I (MI) oocytes, as well as in the cumulus cells of immature (CCI) and mature oocytes (CCM), and in leukocytes was measured by qPCR. The telomerase activity in reproductive cells was evaluated by the TRAPeze® XL Kit. The body mass index (p = 0.001), LH (p = 0.015), estradiol (p = 0.004), insulin (p = 0.002), testosterone (p
- Published
- 2020
23. Participación de las hormonas gonadales en el efecto de los fármacos antidepresivos en la rata macho.
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Martínez-Mota, Lucía, Herrera-Pérez, José Jaime, Olivares Nazario, Maribel, and Fernández-Guasti, Alonso
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SEX hormones , *GONADS , *ENDOCRINE glands , *TESTOSTERONE , *ESTRADIOL , *ANTIDEPRESSANTS , *BEHAVIORAL assessment - Abstract
It has been proposed that gonadal hormones participate in regulation of mood and emotion in men as well as in the effect of psychoactive drugs, such as antidepressants. However, evaluation of this type of interactions has been poorly studied in clinic and basic studies. The objective of the present study was to determine the role of gonadal hormones, testosterone (T) and 17ß-estradiol (E2), one of its main metabolites, in the effect of two antidepressant drugs: desipramine and fluoxetine. The former is a tricyclic antidepressant that inhibits noradrenaline reuptake in a preferential manner, while the second is a serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and the most prescribed antidepressant. Behavioral evaluations were conducted in adult male rats, intact or orchidectomized (Orx), treated with T (0-2 mg/rata), E2 (0-40 µg/rata), desipramine (0-20 mg/kg), fluoxetine (0-20 mg/kg) and their combinations. Forced swimming test was used as an animal model to detect antidepressant-like effect induced by treatments, on the basis of its predictive validity. We found that desipramine and fluoxetine produced an antidepressant-like effect in gonadally intact male rats. However, the antidepressant-like effect of both treatments was cancelled in Orx males. Treatment with E2, but not with T, produced antidepressant-like actions in Orx males. Interestingly, treatment with E2 restored the antidepressant-like effect of desipramine and fluoxetine, while supplementation with T only reestablished the antidepressant-like action of desipramine, evidencing that gonadal hormones have a differential participation in regulation of neurotransmitter systems involving in the antidepressant effect. In conclusion, the main testicular androgen T, participates in the expression of the effect of antidepressant drugs, mainly via conversion to its estrogenic metabolite E2. These results give support to the idea that a combined therapy of gonadal hormones and antidepressant drugs may be more convenient to treat depressive disorders in hypogonadal men resistant to conventional antidepressant drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
24. PROTECTIVE ROLE OF 17β-ESTRADIOL AND TESTOSTERONE IN APOPTOSIS OF SKELETAL MUSCLE.
- Author
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Pronsato, L., Ronda, A. C., Milanesi, L., Vasconsuelo, A., and Boland, R.
- Abstract
Copyright of Actualizaciones en Osteología is the property of Asociacion Argentina de Osteologia y Metabolismo Mineral and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2010
25. Concentraciones de estradiol y testosterona en suero de mujeres climatéricas y su relación con los síntomas.
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Lira, Sebastián Carranza, Ortiz, Mayra Elizabeth Orozco, Segura, Aleida Olivares, Verdugo, Rosario Chán, and León, Mario Cárdenas
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MENOPAUSE & psychology ,ESTRADIOL ,TESTOSTERONE ,SERUM ,SYMPTOMS - Abstract
Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2009
26. MECANISMOS NEUROBIOLÓGICOS DE LA CONDUCTA PATERNA.
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Martínez, Gladys S.
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PARENT-child relationships & psychology , *NEUROBIOLOGY , *PARENTING , *PARENTAL deprivation , *BEHAVIORAL research , *PSYCHOLOGY , *PHYSIOLOGY - Abstract
In many mammal species (including humans) both male and female engage in similar behaviors to protect and care for the offspring, with the exception of lactation. Although much is known about the effects of maternal behavior on pup development, very little is known about the contribution of the male on neural development and behavior of the offspring or about hormonal changes and neurobiological mechanisms that allow the male to display paternal behavior. This article reviews the status of research in these topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
27. Función reproductiva de sementales ovinos importados de Nueva Zelanda durante su primera época reproductiva en México.
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Villalobos, Guadalupe Méndez, Escutia, Gerardo Jaramillo, Martínez, Andrés Aragón, Escobar, María Elena Ayala, and Domínguez-Vara, Ignacio Arturo
- Abstract
La importación de sementales de alto valor genético ha sido una estrategia común en México. Sin embargo, debido a que no se le ha dado seguimiento al desempeño reproductivo de tales sementales se llevó a cabo el presente trabajo para realizarlo en sementales Suffolk durante su primera época reproductiva en México (octubre a febrero). El comportamiento de los valores de la circunferencia escrotal, la cuenta y la morfología espermática, así como las concentraciones circulantes de testosterona de los sementales Suffolk durante su primera época reproductiva en México, coinciden con las que se notifi can en la literatura para esos animales en otras latitudes, aunque en México son de menor magnitud. Los cambios neuroendocrinos-reproductivos derivados de los estímulos ambientales, como las variaciones en la duración de los ciclos luz-oscuridad, han sido ampliamente documentados y se aceptan como responsables de los cambios estacionales en el comportamiento reproductivo de los carneros. En este trabajo, la mayor concentración de testosterona, así como la mayor producción de espermatozoides se observó en diciembre. Estos resultados indican que los sementales Suffolk importados son capaces de mantener su función testicular cíclica, aunque ésta se manifi esta con menor magnitud que en otras latitudes. Se desconocen las causas de este comportamiento, aunque pueden estar relacionadas con los cambios en la duración de los ciclos luz-oscuridad que ocurren en México. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
28. Cambios en los ciclos y las hormonas durante el climaterio: el papel clave de la función ovárica.
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SEX hormones , *FOLLICLE-stimulating hormone , *OVARIES , *ENDOCRINOLOGY , *MENOPAUSE , *ESTROGEN , *STEROLS , *ESTRADIOL - Abstract
The menopausal transition is the stage in reproductive life commonly defined as commencing with the onset of menstrual irregularity. Classic studies of the endocrinology of the transition postulated the existence of inhibin in women to explain the observed increase in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels without a significant decrease in estradiol (E2). Descriptions were provided of cycle characteristics during the transition, emphasizing the unpredictability of the endocrine changes rather than the occurrence of an orderly and progressive decline in ovarian function. Women older than the age of 45 exhibited menstrual irregularity when the average number of primordial follicles per ovary decreased to approximately 100. Inhibin B is a major regulator of FSH secretion and a product of small antral follicles. Its levels respond to the early follicular phase increase and decrease in FSH. The age-related decrease in ovarian primordial follicle numbers, which is reflected in a decrease in the numbers of small antral follicles, leads to a decrease in inhibin B, which in turn leads to an increase in FSH, hypothesized to act as a stimulus to the maintenance of circulating E2 in the follicular phase until late in the transition. Concurrently, the concentrations of testosterone do not change significantly. Early follicular phase FSH levels in women reporting menstrual irregularity fluctuate markedly, with a more uniform increase in levels when no menses have occurred for at least 3 months. Anovulatory cycles occur at increased frequency in the last 30 months before final menses or menopause. In ovulatory cycles, FSH shows little, if any, increase, but anovulatory cycles are usually characterized by low levels of inhibin B, markedly increased levels of FSH, and low levels of E2. Thus, the heterogeneity of follicular phase FSH represents a mixture of ovulatory and anovulatory cycles. Longitudinal data indicate that both ovulatory and anovulatory cycles occur after entry into both the early and late menopausal transition and that ovulatory cycles occur even after final menses. There is no endocrine marker of menopause, which may be primarily an endometrial event. Using the hormonal concentrations in ovulatory cycles observed in women in mid-reproductive age as controls and comparing such concentrations in late reproductive age women older than 45 either continuing to cycle regularly or having entered the early or late menopausal transition, a gradual increase in follicular phase FSH and E2 and a decrease in inhibin B were observed in ovulatory cycles. Anovulatory cycles showed markedly increased FSH with low E2 and inhibin B. No specific endocrine change was characteristic of either the early or late menopausal transition, confirming the observations of previous studies regarding the unpredictability of cycle characteristics and hormone changes with the approach of menopause. Antimüllerian hormone correlates with follicle numbers and shows a large age-related decrease to reach undetectable levels at menopause. Thus, the marked decrease in follicle numbers during late reproductive age appears to predispose to erratic and unpredictable cycle characteristics, with normal ovulatory cycles continuing to occur episodically. There is no specific endocrine marker of the early or late transition, making measurements of FSH or E2 unreliable in attempting to stage an individual with regard to approaching menopause. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
29. EVALUACIÓN DE EVENTOS REPRODUCTIVOS Y ESTRÉS FISIOLÓGICO EN VERTEBRADOS SILVESTRES A PARTIR DE SUS EXCRETAS: EVOLUCIÓN DE UNA METODOLOGÍA NO INVASIVA.
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Valdespino, Carolina, Martínez-Mota, Rodolfo, García-Feria, Luis Manuel, and Martínez-Romero, Luis Enrique
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- *
ENDOCRINOLOGY , *HORMONES , *REPRODUCTION , *VERTEBRATES , *FECES - Abstract
This aims to be a general reference document of terminology and processes associated with a noninvasive technique for the study of wildlife. But it will also summarize the historical changes that such technique has experienced throughout time. Due to the difficulties associated with their capture and manipulation, research on wild vertebrates has usually required indirect approaches. One such method is the collection of feces left by the target species on the ground, and its implementation has allowed determination of distributional ranges, abundances, diet composition and association with parasites. Adopted from veterinary and farm practices, measurement of hormone levels in feces has more recently originated the, so called, Field Endocrinology. During the last 10-15 years, this line of research has generated information on reproductive cycles, seasonal changes, behavioral associations and sex related differences in hormone levels, interactions between hierarchy status, stress and hormone levels and their effect on reproductive success and, finally, evaluation of human disturbance on animal physiology. During the last three years, however, research on the lab techniques associated with this discipline has evidenced a series of confounds resulting from sample manipulation. Since this type of research requires of both, good assay protocols as well as interesting ecological questions, creative collaboration between lab technicians and animal ecologists is urgent in countries like Mexico, where financial resources designated to investigation are so scarce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Estudo morfológico e histoquímico sobre o efeito tissular na pele do prepúcio à administração tópica de estradiol ou testosterona no pré-operatório de pacientes com hipospádia: ensaio clínico randomizado duplo-cego
- Author
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Casali, Thaís Gomes, Bastos Netto, José Murillo, Castañon, Maria Christina Marques Nogueira, Gomes, Carlos Augusto, Molina, Carlos Augusto Fernandes, Soares Junior, Cleber, Corrêa, Marília de Pádua Dornelas, and Costa, Paulo Roberto da
- Subjects
Hypospadias ,integumentary system ,CIENCIAS DA SAUDE [CNPQ] ,Estradiol ,Crianças ,Wound healing ,Testosterone ,Hipospádia ,Cicatrização ,Testosterona ,Children - Abstract
O uso pré-operatório da testosterona tópica na correção da hipospádia visa aumentar o tamanho peniano de forma a obter melhores resultados cirúrgicos. O uso tópico do estradiol vem sendo associado à melhora da qualidade da pele em outros sítios anatômicos, mas seus efeitos ainda não foram bem esclarecidos em meninos com hipospádia. Este estudo procura avaliar os efeitos primários da administração hormonal tópica na espessura da epiderme e na expressão do colágeno dérmico na pele do prepúcio de meninos com hipospádia. Pacientes foram randomizados em três grupos de acordo com a terapia hormonal empregada: GT: Grupo Testosterona; GE: Grupo Estradiol; GC: Grupo Controle, com emprego de creme base. Fragmentos de prepúcio foram ressecados, fixados e seccionados para análise histológica. Para cada amostra, foram analisadas a espessura da epiderme e a expressão de colágeno dérmico através de análise específica de computador, considerando p
- Published
- 2019
31. PERFIL DE ESTEROIDES SEXUALES DEL CAPITÁN DE LA SABANA (Eremophilus mutisii) DURANTE UN CICLO HIDROLÓGICO COMPLETO
- Author
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Landines P., Miguel A., Prieto M., Camilo A., Rodríguez V., Liliana, and Rosado P., Rafael
- Subjects
GSI ,Estradiol ,Reproducción de peces ,IGS ,Testosterone ,Testosterona ,Fish reproduction - Abstract
Fueron capturados, mensualmente, adultos de Eremophilus mutisii, en la parte alta del río Bogotá (Municipio de Suesca). Los ejemplares fueron anestesiados, pesados y medidos. Posteriormente, se tomaron muestras de sangre, se extrajeron y se pesaron las gónadas, para cálculo del índice gonadosomático (IGS). Se determinaron testosterona (T) y estradiol (E2), por quimioluminiscencia. La proporción de hembras fue mayor que la de machos, existiendo muestreos en los que solo se obtuvieron hembras. Los niveles de T en hembras permanecieron muy bajos durante todo el ciclo, manteniéndose así o indetectables, con un único pico en octubre. En machos, los niveles fueron superiores, alcanzando valores mayores en abril, septiembre, noviembre y diciembre, con pico en noviembre. El E2 en hembras mostró niveles variables, observándose niveles elevados durante noviembre, diciembre y enero, con pico en diciembre. En machos, solo fue posible determinar E2 en noviembre, diciembre, marzo, abril y mayo, puesto que durante febrero, junio, agosto y septiembre, los valores fueron indetectabes y en los meses restantes, no se capturó ningún macho. El valor máximo fue en noviembre y el mínimo en marzo y abril. En hembras, los picos de E2 coincidieron con los valores más altos de IGS, mientras que la T mantuvo su valor bajo, independientemente de dicho índice. En machos, la relación entre T e IGS también fue coincidente, aunque no de manera tan evidente como en hembras. No se observó una tendencia clara entre la relación de E2 e IGS para machos. Specimens of Eremophilus mutisii were captured monthly on the upper part of the Bogotá River (municipality of Suesca). The specimens were anesthetized, weighed and measured. Subsequently, a blood sample was taken. The gonads were extracted and weighed to calculate the gonadosomatic index (GSI). Testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) were determined by chemiluminescence technique. The proportion of females was always greater than that of males, and there were months in which only females were obtained. The T values of the females remained very low during the whole cycle, remaining low or imperceptible levels, with a single peak in October. In males, levels were always higher reaching high values in April, September, November, and December, with a peak in November. E2 in females showed variables values with high levels in November, December and January with a peak in December. In males, it was only possible to determine E2 in November, December, March, April and May, since, during February, June, August, and September the values were imperceptible and in the remaining months no male was captured. The maximum value was obtained in November and the minimum in March and April. In females, the peaks of E2 coincided with the higher values of GSI, while T maintained its low value, independently of this index. In males, the relationship between T and GSI was also coincident, although not as evident as in females. Also, a clear trend was not observed between the E2 and GIS ratio for males.
- Published
- 2017
32. Perfil de esteroides sexuales del capitán de la sabana (Eremophilus mutisii) durante un ciclo hidrológico completo
- Author
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A M Camilo Prieto, V Liliana Rodríguez, P Rafael Rosado, and A P Miguel Landines
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Medicine (General) ,lcsh:R5-920 ,Testosteronas ,Estradiol ,QH301-705.5 ,Agriculture (General) ,Geography, Planning and Development ,IGS ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Ciclo hidrológico ,lcsh:S1-972 ,S1-972 ,R5-920 ,Reproducción de peces ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Eremophilus mutisii ,Biology (General) ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,Testosterona ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Fueron capturados, mensualmente, adultos de Eremophilus mutisii, en la parte alta del río Bogotá (Municipio de Suesca). Los ejemplares fueron anestesiados, pesados y medidos. Posteriormente, se tomaron muestras de sangre, se extrajeron y se pesaron las gónadas, para cálculo del índice gonadosomático (IGS). Se determinaron testosterona (T) y estradiol (E2), por quimioluminiscencia. La proporción de hembras fue mayor que la de machos, existiendo muestreos en los que solo se obtuvieron hembras. Los niveles de T en hembras permanecieron muy bajos durante todo el ciclo, manteniéndose así o indetectables, con un único pico en octubre. En machos, los niveles fueron superiores, alcanzando valores mayores en abril, septiembre, noviembre y diciembre, con pico en noviembre. El E2 en hembras mostró niveles variables, observándose niveles elevados durante noviembre, diciembre y enero, con pico en diciembre. En machos, solo fue posible determinar E2 en noviembre, diciembre, marzo, abril y mayo, puesto que durante febrero, junio, agosto y septiembre, los valores fueron indetectabes y en los meses restantes, no se capturó ningún macho. El valor máximo fue en noviembre y el mínimo en marzo y abril. En hembras, los picos de E2 coincidieron con los valores más altos de IGS, mientras que la T mantuvo su valor bajo, independientemente de dicho índice. En machos, la relación entre T e IGS también fue coincidente, aunque no de manera tan evidente como en hembras. No se observó una tendencia clara entre la relación de E2 e IGS para machos. Specimens of Eremophilus mutisii were captured monthly on the upper part of the Bogotá River (municipality of Suesca). The specimens were anesthetized, weighed and measured. Subsequently, a blood sample was taken. The gonads were extracted and weighed to calculate the gonadosomatic index (GSI). Testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) were determined by chemiluminescence technique. The proportion of females was always greater than that of males, and there were months in which only females were obtained. The T values of the females remained very low during the whole cycle, remaining low or imperceptible levels, with a single peak in October. In males, levels were always higher reaching high values in April, September, November, and December, with a peak in November. E2 in females showed variables values with high levels in November, December and January with a peak in December. In males, it was only possible to determine E2 in November, December, March, April and May, since, during February, June, August, and September the values were imperceptible and in the remaining months no male was captured. The maximum value was obtained in November and the minimum in March and April. In females, the peaks of E2 coincided with the higher values of GSI, while T maintained its low value, independently of this index. In males, the relationship between T and GSI was also coincident, although not as evident as in females. Also, a clear trend was not observed between the E2 and GIS ratio for males. Incluye referencias bibliográficos
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33. Biometria do pênis hipospádico após terapia hormonal: testosterona x estradiol – ensaio clínico randomizado duplo cego
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Paiva, Kelly Christina de Castro, Bastos Netto, José Murillo, Barroso Júnior, Ubirajara de Oliveira, Toledo, Antônio CarlosTonelli de, Gomes, Carlos Augusto, and Bóscollo, Adriana Cartafina Perez
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Biometria ,CIENCIAS DA SAUDE [CNPQ] ,Estradiol ,Biometrics ,Pênis ,Criança ,Hypospadia ,Testosterone ,Hipospádia ,Child ,Testosterona ,Penis - Abstract
Introdução: O uso da estimulação hormonal androgênica pré-operatória antes da correção cirúrgica da hipospádia visa aumentar o tamanho do pênis e alcançar melhores resultados cirúrgicos. No entanto, uma avaliação mais objetiva, buscando os efeitos sistêmicos e locais após estimulação hormonal tópica ainda está em falta na literatura. Quanto aos estrogênios, eles são identificados como potenciadores nos processos de reparação dérmica e na aceleração de cura em feridas. Atuam estimulando a deposição de matriz de tecido de granulação, causando contração da ferida e a re-epitalização. Sendo assim, entendemos ser o estrogênio mais um recurso que poderá ser utilizado, a fim de melhorar as condições anatômicas e teciduais do pênis hipospádico, que ainda permanece como um grande desafio para os cirurgiões e urologistas pediátricos. Objetivos: Avaliar os efeitos do uso tópico da testosterona e do estradiol no pré-operatório de crianças com hipospádia sobre as medidas penianas (biometria), efeitos colaterais e as alterações hormonais séricas. Pacientes e método: Sessenta e nove crianças com hipospádia concluíram o estudo e foram divididas aleatoriamente em 3 grupos: Grupo Controle: 17 crianças que utilizaram creme hidratante (placebo), Grupo Testosterona, composto por 28 meninos que utilizaram proprionato de testosterona a 1% e Grupo Estradiol: 24 crianças que utilizam estradiol 0,01%. Os cremes hormonais e o placebo foram utilizados topicamente em todo o pênis, duas vezes por dia durante 30 dias antes da correção cirúrgica. Verificação dos efeitos colaterais e dosagens sanguíneas (testosterona total e livre, estradiol, FSH e LH) foram realizadas antes, 30, e 90 dias após o tratamento. Avaliação biométrica peniana, feita antes e após 30 dias do estímulo hormona, incluiu as medidas do comprimento do pênis à tração máxima, o diâmetro do corpo do pênis e da glande, distância do meato uretral até a ponta do pênis e a largura da placa uretral. Resultados: A média de idade das crianças foi de 3,4 anos. Quarenta e cinco crianças eram portadoras de hipospádias anteriores (23 coronais e 22 subcoronais), 13 médio penianas, 3 proximais e 8 penoescrotais. Um aumento significativo no comprimento do pênis, o diâmetro do pênis e da glande foram observados após 30 dias no grupo que fez uso do propionato de testosterona a 1% (p = 0,0005, p = 0,0094, p = 0,0026, respectivamente). As crianças que usaram creme de estradiol 0,01% por 30 dias não mostraram alterações estatisticamente significativas em qualquer das medidas penianas, assim como as do grupo controle. Após 30 dias, no grupo testosterona, 24/28 (85%) apresentaram pelos pubianos e 21/28 (74%) apresentaram escurecimento da pele genital. No grupo estradiol, 3/24 (14%) apresentaram pelos pubianos e 12/24 (50%), escurecimento da pele genital. Na avaliação após 90 dias do uso hormonal, essas alteraçõs não foram persistentes em ambos os grupos. Acnes e ginecomastia não foram observadas em nenhuma criança. Todas as taxas hormonais não apresentaram variações com significância estatística e tenderam ao retorno ao nível basal após 90 dias. Conclusão: O uso préoperatório da testosterona tópica causou aumento no tamanho e diâmetro do pênis, no diâmetro da glande, o que não aconteceu com o uso de estradiol. Efeitos colaterais foram transitórios, sendo o aparecimento de pelos pubianos e escurecimento da pele genital os mais observados. Alterações hormonais significativas e persistentes não foram notadas em nenhum grupo deste estudo. Introduction: The use of preoperative androgenic hormonal stimulation before surgical correction of hypospadias aims to increase the size of the penis and achieve better surgical results. However, a more objective assessment of systemic and local effects after topical hormonal stimulation is still lacking in the literature. As for estrogens, they are identified as potentiators in the processes of dermal repair and acceleration of wound healing. They act by stimulating the deposition of granulation tissue matrix, causing contraction of the wound and re-epitalization. Therefore, estrogen is considered to be one more resource that can be used to improve the anatomical and tissue conditions of the hypospadic penis, which still remains a great challenge for pediatric surgeons and urologists. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of topical use of testosterone and estradiol in preoperative children with hypospadias on penile measurements (biometrics), side effects and serum hormonal changes. Patients and method: Sixty-nine children with hypospadias completed the study and were divided randomly into three groups: Control Group: 17 children who used moisturizing cream (placebo). Testosterone Group, composed of 28 boys who used propionate of 1% testosterone and Estradiol Group: 24 children who used estradiol 0.01%. Hormone creams and placebo were used topically throughout the penis twice daily for 30 days prior to surgical correction. Verification of side effects and blood dosages (total and free testosterone, estradiol, FSH and LH) were performed before, 30, and 90 days after treatment. Biometric evaluation of the penis was made before and after 30 days of the hormonal stimulus and included measurements of penile length at maximum traction, penile and glans body diameter, distance from the urethral meatus to the tip of the penis and the width of the urethral plate. Results: The mean age of the children was 3, 4 years. Forty-five children had anterior hypospadias (23 coronal and 22 subcoronal), 13 in the midshat, 3 proximal and 8 penoscrotal. A significant increase in penis length, penile and glans diameter were observed after 30 days in the testosterone group (p = 0,0005, p = 0,0094, p = 0,0026, respectively). Children who used estradiol cream 0.01% for 30 days did not show statistically significant changes in any of the penile measurements, as did those in the control group. After 30 days, in the testosterone group, 24/28 (85%) had pubic hair and 21/28 (74%) showed darkening of the genital skin. In the estradiol group, 3/24 (14%) had pubic hair and 12/24 (50%), darkening of the genital skin. In the evaluation after 90 days of hormonal use, these changes were not persistent in both groups. All the hormonal rates did not present variations with statistical significance and tended to return to the basal level after 90 days. Conclusion: Preoperative use of topical testosterone increased the size and diameter of the glans penis, which did not occur with the use of estradiol. Side effects were transient, with the appearance of pubic hair and darkening of the genital skin the most observed. Significant and persistent hormonal changes were not noted in any of the study groups.
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34. Caracterización demográfica, genética y reproductiva de jaguares (Panthera onca) en cautiverio en parques zoológicos de Colombia
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Santiago Jimenez Gonzalez, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, International Species Information System, Smithsonian Institution, and Jiménez Escobar, Claudia
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ADN ,Colombia ,Zoológicos ,Pedigrí ,Endocrinology ,Endocrinología ,Genetics ,Demografía ,Studbook ,Testosterone ,Jaguar ,Progesterona ,Microsatellites ,Testosterona ,Progesterone ,Demography ,Panthera onca ,Estradiol ,0 Generalidades / Computer science, information and general works ,microsatélites ,57 Ciencias de la vida ,Biología / Life sciences ,biology ,DNA ,Genética ,Spermatozoa ,Pedigree ,61 Ciencias médicas ,Medicina / Medicine and health ,Zoological parks ,6 Tecnología (ciencias aplicadas) / Technology ,Espermatozoide ,59 Animales / Animals - Abstract
El objetivo principal de ésta tesis fue realizar un análisis demográfico, genético y reproductivo de la población de jaguares (Panthera onca) cautivos en Colombia. En el análisis demográfico se realizó la construcción del Studbook Regional para Jaguares (Panthera onca) (n=38), se obtuvo el censo de los animales que han estado presentes en las colecciones zoológicas de Colombia desde el año de 1970 hasta el año 2009. Se estableció la distribución de los ejemplares vivos en la actualidad por clases de edades. Se obtuvieron las características demográficas para las poblaciones actuales y poblaciones modelos de jaguares machos y hembras; también se construyó la tabla de vida para machos y hembras. En el análisis genético, a partir de los registros, se calcularon las estadísticas poblacionales. Se encontró que en la población se encuentran 2 nuevos posibles fundadores potenciales (n=2). Se realizaron las proyecciones reproductivas para un tiempo de 5, 10, 15 y 20 años con el fin de incrementar la pobalción de 25 individuos a 40. Se realizó la selección de apareamientos empleando el valor de la media de parentesco MK, y la ubicación geográfica. Se realizó una propuesta de meta poblacional para los jaguares en Colombia de conservar el 90% de la diversidad genética durante un periodo de 100 años, teniendo en cuenta las siguientes variables: Tiempo generacional (T =12), Tasa de crecimiento poblacional (λ= 1.02), Tamaño poblacional actual (N =25), Número efectivo poblacional actual (Ne =6.5), Relación Ne/N (0.26), Diversidad genética actual (GD =0.78), Población máxima permitida (n=40), Población requerida para alcanzar metas (n=37), FGE reclutado por cada nuevo fundador (FGE =0.4). El plan de manejo poblacional para el jaguar en parques zoológicos de Colombia fue propuesto estableciendo metas de manejo poblacional para los siguientes 100 años. También se realizó un análisis genético de la población de jaguares cautivos en parques zoológicos de Colombia mediante el análisis tanto de registros del Studbook Regional para Jaguares como de muestras de ADN obtenidas de 20 animales vivos (n=20), con el cual se construyó el pedigrí para la población empleando 9 microsatélites. Las paternidades y maternidades fueron asignadas por el programa CERVUS y las relaciones de parentesco fueron obtenidas por el programa KINSHIP. El análisis del Studbook se realizó por medio del programa PM2000 en donde se obtuvo el valor de la diversidad genética (GD) actual de la población (GD=0.7832), el valor de diversidad genética potencial (GDp=0.9113), valor génico (GV=0.7846), el valor del equivalente del genoma fundador actual (FGE=2.31) y potencial (FGEp=5.64), el valor del genoma fundador sobreviviente actual (FGS=3.14) y potencial (FGSp=5.64), el coeficiente medio de consanguinidad (F=0.0179), el número efectivo poblacional (Ne=5.26), al igual que la relación (Ne/N =0.2667) y la media de parentesco MK (Mean KINSHIP) para cada individuo. En el análisis de los microsatélites se calcularon las frecuencias alélicas por cada microsatélite y se encontró un promedio de alelos por locus de 5.67. El promedio de la heterocigocidad observada general fue de 0,687 y el de la heterocigocidad esperada 0,684. Se encontró que todos los locus se encuentran en equilibrio Hardy–Weinberg. Para esta población se encontró un exceso de heterocigotos en los locus FCA075, FCA043, FCA736, FCA220 y FCA391 y exceso de homocigotos solo para los locus FCA 441, FCA 008, FCA 224 mediante los estimados de Fis de Weir y Cockerham's (W and C), y Robertson y Hill's (R and H). El promedio de Fis para la población fue (Fis W and C= -0,0157) y (Fis R and H=-0,0109) indicando que la población se encuentra en exogamia. No se encontraron diferencias significativas para la prueba de desequilibrio por ligamiento. Los análisis de verosimilitud obtenidos en CERVUS resultaron con asignaciones de la maternidad y de paternidad. Los asignamientos se realizaron según el logaritmo natural de la tasa de verosimilitud (LOD). Se obtuvieron las probabilidades de relación y parentesco asignadas por KINSHIP de las simulaciones y se encontraron relaciones significativas (p0.05) en 6 parejas de jaguares, (p0.01) para 3 parejas y (p0.001) para 11 parejas. Con este estudio se logró establecer la relación entre individuos y se logró construir el pedigrí de la población de jaguares cautivos en parques zoológicos de Colombia como base fundamental para el establecimiento de un plan de conservación ex situ para el Jaguar en parques zoológicos de Colombia. Por último se realizó la caracterización reproductiva de un grupo de jaguares cautivos (n=6) en las instalaciones de la Fundación Zoológico Santa Cruz en Cundinamarca, Colombia, mediante un análisis longitudinal no invasivo de estradiol y progesterona en hembras y testosterona en machos. En un periodo de un 1 año dividido en cuatro épocas climatológicas las hembras confinadas en solitario fueron evaluadas con el objetivo de caracterizar la actividad ovárica y determinar la presentación de ovulaciones espontáneas. En los machos la actividad testicular. En las hembras se realizó un segundo seguimiento después de la aplicación de un protocolo convencional de gonadotropinas. La hormonas fueron extraídas de muestras de materia fecal de tres hembras (n=3) y dos machos (n=2). La medición de estradiol se realizó por medio de radioinmunoanálisis (RIA) y la medición de progesterona y testosterona por medio de ensayo por inmunoabsorción ligado a enzimas (ELISA). El modelo lineal de regresión de efectos mixtos encontró diferencias significativas en las concentraciones de estadiol en las diferentes estaciones (Chi square = 15.97, DF = 3, p 0.01). Las comparaciones de medias estacionales se realizó mediante el método de la diferencia significativa honesta de Tukey (DSH), revelando diferencias significativas entre las estaciones: Sequía 1 vs. Lluvias 2 (p 0.01), Lluvias 1 vs. Lluvias 2 (p 0.05), y Sequía 2 vs. Lluvias 2 (p 0.05). En las tres jaguares hembras se encontraron elevaciones de progesterona compatibles con ovulaciones expontáneas y el modelo lineal de regresión de efectos mixtos también encontró diferencias significativas en las concentraciones de progesterona en las diferentes estaciones (Chi square = 28.56, DF = 3, p 0.01). El DSH mostró diferencias significativas solo entre las estaciones: Sequía 2 vs.Lluvias 2 (p 0.01). La estación con el nivel promedio más bajo fue lluvias 2 (Octubre, Noviembre, y Diciembre). Durante esta estación periodos de anestro fueron registrados entre 31 y 83 días. Las tres hembra mostraron picos de estradiol después de la administración de gonadotropina coriónica equina (eCG). El análisis longitudinal no invasivo para los machos (Macho 1 y Macho 2) no mostró diferencias significativas en el curso del año de análisis. El análisis seminal de los tres machos adultos (n = 3) fue realizado por medio de electroeyaculación bajo anestesia general (Macho 1 and 2) y por lavado epididmal post mortem (Macho 3). La concentración media de espermatozoides encontrada fue 5.7 x 106 ± 1.1 x 106 espermatozoides/ml. La motilidad progresiva promedio fue de 80 %. El porcentaje de espermatozoides normales obtenidos por electro eyaculación + desviación estandar (DS) fue 80 ± 2.8%, y las anormalidades más frecuentemente encontradas fueron defectos de cabeza (7 ± 1.4%). El fluido obtenido en el lavado epididimal mostró 35 ± 1.4% de espermatozoides normales, y la anormalidad más frecuente fueron las gotas citoplasmáticas distales (39 ± 11.3%). Abstract. The objective of this thesis was to analyze the demographic, genetic and reproductive status of captive jaguars in Colombia. In the demographic analysis the Regional Studbook for Jaguars (Panthera onca) (n=38) was constructed using the software SPARKS. The studbook data were analyzed by the software population management 2000 (PM2000). The census of the animals that had been present in the zoological collections of Colombia from the year of 1970 until the year 2009 was obtained. The distribution of the living animals by age classes was established and the demographic characteristics were obtained for the current population and model population of male and female jaguars, as well as the life table for males and females. The reproductive projections were obtained for 5, 10, 15 and 20 years in order to increase the captive population from 25 individuals to 40. The selection of matings was based on the Mean KINSHIP (MK) value, and the geographical location. It is presented the population goals for the jaguars in Colombia to conserve 90% of the genetic diversity during a 100 year period, for the variables: Generational Time (T =12), populational growth rate (λ = 1.02), current populational size (N =25), current populational effective Number (Ne =6.5), Relationship (Ne/N =0.26), current genetic Diversity (GD =0.78), allowed maximum Population (n=40), required Population to reach goals (n=37), FGE recruited by each new founder (FGE =0.4). The population management plan for the Jaguar (Panthera onca) in Colombia was proposed for the Colombian Zoological Parks establishing population management goals for the next 100 years. Also, a genetic analysis for the captive population of jaguars (Panthera onca) was done in zoological parks of Colombia based upon the Colombian Regional Studbook for Jaguars and from DNA obtained form 20 living animals (n=20) in order to establish the pedigree for the captive population using 9 microsatellites. The assignments for paternities and maternities were done with for the program CERVUS and the relationship between animals were established with the KINSHIP program. The analysis of the Studbook was done with the PM2000 program generating the following values: genetic diversity for the population (GD=0.7832), potential genetic diversity (GD=0.9113), genic value (GV=0.7846), current founder genome equivalent (FGE=2.31) and potential p(FGE=5.64), current and potential founder genome survivor (FGS=3.14; pFGS=5.64 respectively). Other values calculated were, mean coefficient of consanguinity (F=0.0179), population effective number (Ne=5.26) and the Mean KINSHIP (MK) for each individual. With the microsatellites analysis, the allelic frequencies were calculated for each locus with an average of alleles per loci of 5.67. The averages of the observed and expected heterozigocity were 0.687 and 0.684 respectively. It was found that all loci are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. For this population an excess of heterozygous was found for the locus FCA075, FCA043, FCA736, FCA220 and FCA391 and an excess of homozygous for the locus FCA 441, FCA 008, FCA 224 by Fis of Weir and Cockerham's (W and C), and Robertson and Hill's (R and H). The average of Fis for the population was (Fis W and C = -0.0157) and (Fis R and H=-0.0109) indicating that the population is in exogamy. No significant differences were found for the linkage disequilibrium test. The likelihood analyses obtained in CERVUS assigned maternities and paternities. The assignments were done according to the value Pair Top LOD. The relationship probabilities were obtained by KINSHIP. In the simulations, a significant relationship (p 0.05) were found in 6 pairs of jaguars, (p 0.01) in three pairs and (p 0.001) for 11 pairs. With this study the relationships between animals was established and the pedigree of the captive population of jaguars was built in order to develop an ex situ conservation plan for the species in the Colombian zoological parks. In the last part of the study a reproductive analysis of a captive group of jaguars (n = 6) at the Santacruz Zoological Foundation in Cundinamarca, Colombia, was conducted by performing a longitudinal, noninvasive, hormonal analysis of estradiol and progestogens in females and of androgens in males. During four seasons, female jaguars confined in solitary were evaluated for ovarian activity and spontaneous ovulation, male jaguars for testicular activity. A second hormonal follow-up was conducted in the females after administration of gonadotropins. Hormones were extracted from fecal samples of three females (n = 3) and two males (n = 2). Estradiol measurements were obtained by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and progestogens by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). The linear mixed-effect regression (LMER) showed that there was a significant effect of seasons in the concentrations of estradiol (Chi square = 15.97, DF = 3, p 0.01). Post hoc comparisons of all pairs of seasonal means were conducted according to Tukey’s honest significant difference (HSD), revealing significant differences between seasons: Dry 1 vs. Rains 2 (p 0.01), Rains 1 vs. Rains 2 (p 0.05), and Dry 2 vs. Rains 2 (p 0.05). Elevations of progestogens compatible with spontaneous ovulation occurred in three jaguars and the LMER showed that there was also a significant effect of seasons (Chi square = 28.56, DF = 3, p 0.01). Post hoc comparisons showed significant differences only between seasons: Dry 2 vs. Rains 2 (p 0.01). The season with the lowest average concentration was Rains 2 (October, November, and December). During this season, periods of anestrous were registered that lasted between 31 and 83 days. The three females presented estradiol peaks after the administration of eCG. A noninvasive longitudinal analysis for androgens was also made (Males 1 and 2) over the course of one year, and no significant differences were found between the different seasons. A seminal analysis of three adult male jaguars (Panthera onca) (n = 3) was also performed after electro-ejaculation under general anesthesia (Male 1 and 2) and by a postmortem epididymal wash (Male 3). The mean concentration of spermatozoids was 5.7 x 106 ± 1.1 x 106 spermatozoa/ml. The progressive motility + SD averaged 80 %. The percentage of normal spermatozoids obtained by electro-ejaculation was 80 ± 2.8%, and the abnormalities found more frequently were head defects (7 ± 1.4%). The seminal fluid obtained by epididymal flush contained 35 ± 1.4% normal spermatozoids, and the most frequent abnormalities found corresponded to distal cytoplasmic droplets (39 ± 11.3%). Doctorado
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- 2017
35. Effect of steroid hormones on the in vitro antifungal activity of itraconazole on Fonsecaea pedrosoi.
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Corbellini, Valeriano Antonio, Scroferneker, Maria Lúcia, Carissimi, Mariana, Konrad, Luciana Maria, and Stopiglia, Cheila Denise Ottonelli
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STEROID hormones ,ESTRADIOL ,TESTOSTERONE ,PROGESTERONE ,DIMETHYL sulfoxide ,ANTIFUNGAL agents - Abstract
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- 2010
36. Gonadotrophic, prolactin, corticosterone, and gonadal hormones levels over 15 months in Giant Amazon River Turtles - Podocnemis expansa (Schweigger, 1812) (Testudines: Podocnemididae), in captive conditions
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G. E. Freneau, B. N. Freneau, V. A. Sá, D. Vieira, and C. R. Franci
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LH ,0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Physiology ,Captivity ,REPRODUÇÃO ANIMAL ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:Botany ,FSH ,lcsh:Zoology ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,Reproductive system ,lcsh:Science ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Progesterone ,biology ,Estradiol ,seasonality ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Turtles ,Female ,Podocnemis expansa ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,Podocnemididae ,prolactin ,endocrine system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Reproductive Endocrinology ,sazonalidade ,progesterone ,reprodução ,010603 evolutionary biology ,progesterona ,reproduction ,03 medical and health sciences ,Internal medicine ,Captive breeding ,medicine ,Animals ,corticosterone ,17β-estradiol ,corticosterona ,biology.organism_classification ,Prolactin ,Hormones ,testosterona ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,testosterone ,lcsh:Q ,Vitellogenesis ,prolactina ,Corticosterone - Abstract
In order to achieve successful captive breeding the Podocnemis expansa, it is necessary to study their reproductive endocrinology. The purpose of this research was to evaluate and characterize plasma concentrations in gonadotrophic, gonadic, corticosterone and prolactin hormones from Giant Amazon Turtles under captive conditions. Blood samples were collected over a 15 month period. The samples were assayed by the use of radioimmunoassay, prolactin, corticosterone, LH, FSH, testosterone, 17β-estradiol and progesterone. We verified significant seasonal pattern increase in 17β-estradiol levels and decrease in progesterone levels in the course of a year, which indicates vitellogenesis. This is related to normal ovarian cycles and possibly to the functional integrity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis of captive females. There were negative correlations between testosterone and corticosterone in the male samples, suggestive of stress (management stress) on the reproductive system. The plasma concentrations of gonadotrophic, gonadic, prolactin and corticosterone hormones may be used as a reference for further research and possible therapeutic approaches. The data collected during this research are unprecedented for this species and may serve as a reference for future research regarding the reproductive cycle of this turtle, also allowing reproductive management while in captivity. Information about these hormones must be gathered from wild populations during different periods of the year for better clarification of the reproductive physiology of this species. Resumo Com o objetivo de obter reprodução em cativeiro de Podocnemis expansa, é necessário reunir o conhecimento a respeito de sua endocrinologia reprodutiva. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar e caracterizar as concentrações plasmáticas de hormônios gonadotróficos, gonadais, corticosterona e prolactina em Tartarugas da Amazônia em condições de cativeiro. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas durante 15 meses. As amostras foram ensaiadas pelo uso de um radioimunoensáio, prolactina, corticosterona, LH, FSH, testosterona, 17β-estradiol e progesterona. Verificou-se aumento de padrão sazonal significativo nos níveis de 17β-estradiol e diminuição dos níveis de progesterona ao longo do ano, o que indica o recrutamento folicular. Isto está relacionado com ciclos ovarianos normais e possivelmente para a integridade funcional do eixo hipotálamo-hipófise-gônadas de fêmeas em cativeiro. Houve correlação negativa entre testosterona e corticosterona nas amostras do sexo masculino, sugestivos de efeito do estresse de manejo sobre o sistema reprodutivo. As concentrações plasmáticas de hormônios gonadotrofinas, gonadais, prolactina e hormônios corticosterona pode ser usado como referência para futuras pesquisas e possíveis abordagens terapêuticas. Os dados médios coletados durante a pesquisa são inéditos para a espécie e pode servir como referência para futuras pesquisas sobre o sistema reprodutivo da tartaruga, também permitindo manejo reprodutivo em cativeiro. Informações sobre esses hormônios devem ser recolhidas a partir de natureza selvagem em diferentes períodos do ano para melhor esclarecimento da fisiologia da reprodução desta espécie.
- Published
- 2015
37. Seasonal and sex-related variations in serum steroid hormone levels in wild and farmed brown trout Salmo trutta L. in the north-west of Spain
- Author
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Jesús Martín-Gil, Francisco Javier Martín-Gil, Ignacio A. Fernández-Coppel, Norlan Miguel Ruiz-Potosme, Adriana Correa-Guimaraes, Luis M. Navas-Gracia, J.M. Fregeneda-Grandes, J. Miguel Aller-Gancedo, Salvador Hernández-Navarro, Sanidad Animal, and Facultad de Veterinaria
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,Truchas ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system ,Sanidad animal ,Trout ,medicine.medical_treatment ,animal diseases ,Zoology ,Animals, Wild ,Aquaculture ,Saprolegnia parasítica ,Brown trout ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Testosterone ,Progesterona ,Salmo ,Gonadal Steroid Hormones ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Testosterona ,Progesterone ,Water Science and Technology ,biology ,Estradiol ,business.industry ,urogenital system ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,biology.organism_classification ,Steroid hormone ,Infectious Diseases ,Endocrinology ,Sex steroid ,Spain ,Female ,Seasons ,Veterinaria ,business ,Hormone - Abstract
Serum steroid profiles were investigated in order to evaluate the potential use of circulating sex steroid levels as a tool for sex identification in brown trout. Changes in the serum concentrations of testosterone (T), progesterone (P), 17-β-estradiol (E2), and cortisol (F) in wild and farmed mature female and male brown trout, Salmo trutta L., were measured in each season (January, May, July, and October) in six rivers and four hatcheries located in the north-west of Spain. Serum cortisol levels in farmed brown trout were significantly higher and showed a seasonal pattern opposite to that found in wild trout. Because levels of the hormones under study can be affected by disruptive factors such as exposure to phytoestrogens (which alters the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis) and infection with Saprolegnia parasitica (which alters the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis), both factors are taken into account.
- Published
- 2013
38. Morphofunctional aspects of gerbil female prostate during the estrous cycle : effects of ovariectomy and subsequent long-term exposure to estradiol and estradiol plus testosterone
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Silva, Diego Augusto Lopes da, 1987, Taboga, Sebastião Roberto, Santos, Fernanda Cristina Alcântara dos, Cagnon, Valéria Helena Alves, Justulin Junior, Luis Antonio, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Biologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Estrutural, and UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS
- Subjects
Estradiol ,Female prostate ,Ovariectomy ,Gerbilos ,Ovariectomia ,Testosterone ,Gerbil ,Testosterona ,Próstata feminina - Abstract
Orientadores: Sebastião Roberto Taboga, Fernanda Cristina Alcântara Santos Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia Resumo: A próstata feminina é uma glândula funcionalmente ativa encontrada em diversas espécies de mamíferos, incluindo humanos e roedores. Em fêmeas adultas de gerbilos, a próstata apresenta localização parauretral, exibindo íntimo contato com a parede da uretra média e distal. Esta glândula é homóloga a próstata ventral de roedores machos, sendo formada por um conjunto de glândulas e ductos inseridos em um estroma fibromuscular. O estudo da morfofisiologia prostática nas fases do ciclo estral tem demonstrado que a próstata feminina é influenciada pelas oscilações nos níveis séricos de estradiol e progesterona. Assim, tornam-se necessários estudos que avaliem o efeito da exposição ao estradiol em longo prazo, com o objetivo de observar como este esteróide atua no desenvolvimento de lesões prostáticas. Além disso, de igual importância é avaliar a interação dos estrógenos com outros esteróides circulantes, a fim de se avaliar quais associações hormonais são necessárias para manter o equilíbrio homeostático da próstata feminina do gerbilo. A partir do proposto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da administração prolongada de estradiol, e de estradiol + testosterona, sobre a próstata de fêmeas ovariectomizadas. Para isso, as fêmeas adultas foram submetidas à intervenção cirúrgica para remoção dos ovários e, após 10 dias de recuperação, foram submetidas à administração de estradiol, e de estradiol + testosterona. Após trinta dias de tratamento, os animais foram sacrificados e as glândulas prostáticas submetidas a análises morfológicas, morfométrico-estereológicas e sorológicas. Alterações morfológicas e fisiológicas foram observadas em todos os grupos experimentais. A restrição hormonal resultante da ovariectomia causou grande regressão glandular e diminuição da atividade secretora, aspectos revertidos pela exposição dos animais ao estrógeno isolado e conjugado à testosterona. Entretanto, esses hormônios não foram capazes de reestabelecer a histoarquitetura normal do tecido. Foram observadas, inclusive, algumas lesões presentes principalmente nos grupos tratados, tais como inflamações e neoplasias intraepiteliais. A imunorreação para o ER-? foi reduzida nos núcleos do estroma prostático após castração e foi recuperado com os tratamentos. Já a localização de ER-? no núcleo das células epiteliais mostrou-se muito semelhante em todos os grupos. Sugere-se, ainda, uma atuação do estradiol na regulação dos níveis séricos de prosgesterona e testosterona. Sendo assim, conclui-se que a histoarquitetura normal da glândula nas fêmeas está relacionada ao equilíbrio entre os hormônios ovarianos e que, dentre eles, o estradiol e a testosterona desepenham papel importante na homeostasia prostática desses animais Abstract: The female prostate is a functional gland found in several mammal species, including humans and rodents. In adult female gerbils, the prostate shows paraurethral localization, exhibiting intimate contact with medial and distal urethra wall. This gland is homologous to ventral prostate in male rodents, composed by a group of acini and ducts inserted into a fibromuscular stroma. Prostate morphophysiology estudies during estrous cycle have shown that female prostate is influenced by estradiol and progesterone serum levels oscillations. Thus, studies which evaluate the effect of long-term exposure to estradiol become necessary, in order to observe the way this steroid acts by on prostate lesions development. Furthermore, it is also important to evaluate hormonal interaction among estradiol and other serum steroids with the aim of evaluating which hormonal associations are necessary to maintain the homeostatic balance of gerbil female prostate. Hence, this study role was to evaluate the effect of estradiol and estradiol plus testosterone long-term exposure on the prostate of ovariectomized females. To make it possible, adult females underwent to surgical intervention to remove both ovaries and, after 10 days recovering, they received estradiol or estradiol plus testosterone doses. After 30 days of treatment, the animals were euthanized and de prostate glands were submitted to morphological, morphometric-estereological and serological analysis. Morphological and physiological alterations were observed in all experimental groups. Hormonal deprivation caused by castration brought glandular atrophy and decreased secretory activity. These aspects were reverted by animals exposure to isolated estrogen and estrogen plus testosterone conjugation. However, these hormones were not able to reestablish the tissue normal histoarchitecture. Some lesions were even observed mainly in tratment groups, like inflammations and intraepithelial neoplasias. The imunoreaction for ER-? decreased in prostate stroma nuclei after castration and was restablished with treatments. On the other hand, the epithelium ER-? expression was similar in all groups. It also seems that there is a role played by estradiol in testosterone and progesterone serum levels regulation. In conclusion, normal histoarchitecture of gerbil female prostate is related to ovarian hormones balance and estradiol and testosterone play an important role in prostatic homeostasis in these animals Mestrado Histologia Mestre em Biologia Celular e Estrutural
- Published
- 2012
39. Influência hormonal sobre o sistema pigmentar em Eupemphix nattereri (Anura): efeitos do alpha-MSH, estradiol e testosterona
- Author
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Zieri, Rodrigo [UNESP], Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Oliveira, Classius de [UNESP], and Taboga, Sebastião Roberto [UNESP]
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Estradiol ,Melanocyte ,Células pigmentares viscerais ,Eupemphix nattereri ,Melanin ,Anuran ,Anuro - Morfologia ,Melanomacrophages ,Testosterona - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-06-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:01:01Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 zieri_r_dr_sjrp.pdf: 889017 bytes, checksum: 170c2d62d9c91d29ca0d8ba71a162b3b (MD5) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Os vertebrados ectotérmicos apresentam um desenvolvido sistema de células com pigmentos melânicos em seu citoplasma, localizado em diversos órgãos e membranas. A dispersão dos grãos de melanina dentro dos melanócitos responde fortemente à exposição ao hormônio estimulante de melanócitos (MSH) e aos hormônios sexuais, promovendo alteração na coloração. Este trabalho buscou avaliar o efeito dos esteróides cipinato de testosterona, 17 β-estradiol e do MSH sobre a pigmentação hepática e testicular de Eupemphix nattereri, mediante análise histológica, e ultra-estrutural. Foram coletados 60 machos adultos na região de São José do Rio Preto, SP. Para cada experimento, dez machos adultos receberam doses subcutâneas contendo 0,5 mg/kg de cipionato de testosterona e 0,5 mg/kg de 17 β-estradiol, dissolvidos em óleo vegetal e, 2,5x10-7 mmol/10g de α-MSH dissolvido em PBS, durante 7 dias, a cada 48h. O grupo controle recebeu apenas óleo vegetal ou PBS. Grupos com cinco animais foram eutanasiados 24h após do término do tratamento, e outros cinco, após 15 dias. Foram realizados estudos morfológicos utilizando microscopia de luz e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. No tecido hepático foram encontradas células de Kupffer. No interstício testicular observou-se melanócitos, com inúmeros melanossomos. Para o grupo tratado com cipionato de testosterona, foi observado um aumento de aproximadamente 2x na área ocupada pelas células pigmentadas no fígado e 4x nos testículos mediante analise a curto prazo. Para o mesmo tratamento, foi observado aumento de 1,8x no fígado dos animais eutanasiados após 15 dias. Tal resposta pode ser decorrente do aumento da atividade melanossintética, do aumento do número de células, ou ambos. Os animais tratados com 17 β-estradiol e α- MSH não apresentaram alterações na pigmentação hepática e testicular mediante... Ectothermic vertebrates have a well-developed system of melanin-containing cells, which are distributed throughout several organs and tissues. The dispersion of melanin-containing granules within melanocytes responds to prolonged exposure to high concentration of MSH and sexual hormones inducing color change. The present study aimed to characterize morphological and stereological patterns of pigmented cells in liver and testis of the Eupemphix nattereri under effect of testosterone cypionate, 17 β-estradiol and α-MSH. Sixty adult males were collected in São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil. For each experiment, ten adult males were treated with the following hormones injected in the dorsal lymph sac during seven days: (1) 5 mg/kg dose of testosterone cypionate or (2) 5 mg/kg dose of 17 β-estradiol (dissolved in vegetal oil) or (3) 2,5x10-7 mmol/10g of α-MSH (dissolved in PBS). The control group received only vegetal oil or PBS solution at the same hormonal concentration. Groups of five animals were euthanatized after 24h and the other five, after 15 days. Morphological studies with light and transmission electron microscopy were carried out in the groups. In the hepatic tissue were found Kupffer cells, which are characterized by multivesicle bodies in the cytoplasm and large amount of melanosomes. In the testis, melanocytes-like cells are present in the interstitium. They presented large and irregular aspect and a great amount of intensely pigmented cytoplasm. For the groups treated with testosterone cypionate an increase of approximately 2x in the occupied area by the pigmented cells in the liver and 4x in the testis was observed in the treatment group against the control. The observed response can be due to increase of melanosynthesis Introdução 3 Zieri et al., 2010 activity, increase in the number of pigmented cells, or both. Moreover, for the same treatment... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
- Published
- 2010
40. Efeito de hormônios esteróides na atividade antifúngica in vitro de itraconazol em Fonsecaea pedrosoi
- Author
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Corbellini, Valeriano Antonio, Scroferneker, Maria Lúcia, Carissimi, Mariana, Konrad, Luciana Maria, and Stopiglia, Cheila Denise Ottonelli
- Subjects
Cromoblastomicose ,Chromoblastomycosis ,Estradiol ,chromoblastomycosis ,antifungal ,oestradiol ,progesterone ,testosterone ,Testosterone ,Progesterona ,cromoblastomicose ,antifúngico ,estradiol ,progesterona ,testosterona ,Antifúngicos ,Antifungal ,Oestradiol ,Testosterona ,Progesterone ,Microbiologia - Micologia - Abstract
The in vitro antifungal activity of itraconazole, combined with oestradiol, testosterone or progesterone, on the growth of Fonsecaea pedrosoi was evaluated. Fonsecaea pedrosoi was cultured in Sabouraud supplemented with dimethyl sulphoxide dilutions in β-oestradiol (0.04 μg/mL and 0.04 mg/mL), progesterone (0.06 μg/mL and 0.06 mg/mL) or testosterone (1.2 μg/mL and 1.2 mg/mL) combined with 0.01 to 1 μg/mL of itraconazole. The sex steroid hormones did not modify the growth pattern of F. pedrosoi when they were in the presence itraconazole. The absence of synergistic or antagonistic activity of oestradiol, progesterone, testosterone and itraconazole on the growth of F. pedrosoi observed in this work does not rule out in vivo factors related to the development of the disease and to the success of an antifungal treatment., A atividade antifúngica in vitro de itraconazol, combinada com estradiol, testosterona ou progesterona no crescimento de Fonsecaea pedrosoi foi avaliada. F. pedrosoi foi cultivado em Sabouraud suplementado com β-estradiol (0,04 μg/mL e 0,04 mg/mL), progesterona (0,06 μg/mL e 0,06 mg/mL) ou testosterona (1,2 μg/mL e 1,2 mg/mL) combinados com itraconazol diluído em dimetilsulfóxido na faixa de concentração entre 0,01 e 1 μg/mL. Os hormônios esteróides sexuais não modificaram a inibição de F. pedrosoi pelo itraconazol. A ausência da atividade de sinergismo ou antagonismo de estradiol, progesterona, testosterona e itraconazol no crescimento de F. pedrosoi observada neste trabalho não exclui fatores in vivo relacionados ao desenvolvimento da doença e para o sucesso de um tratamento antifúngico.
- Published
- 2010
41. Hipogonadismo após traumatismo craniano encefálico
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Tânia Longo Mazzuco, Roger Walz, Alexandre Hohl, Marisa Helena César Coral, and Marcelo Liborio Schwarzbold
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Adult ,Hipogonadismo ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Traumatic brain injury ,Hormone Replacement Therapy ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Life quality ,Young Adult ,brain injuries ,estradiol ,medicine ,Humans ,Young adult ,Testosterone ,business.industry ,Hypogonadism ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Cranial trauma ,traumatismos encefálicos ,testosterona ,Transgender hormone therapy ,Brain Injuries ,Pituitary Gland ,testosterone ,Proper treatment ,business ,Hormone - Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most common cause of death and disability in young adults. Post-TBI neuroendocrine disorders have been increasingly acknowledged in recent years due to their potential contribution to morbidity and, probably, to mortality after trauma. Marked alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis during the post-TBI acute and chronic phases have been reported. Prospective and longitudinal studies have shown that some abnormalities are transitory. On the other hand, there is a high frequency (15% to 68%) of pituitary hormone deficiency among TBI survivors in a long term setting. Post-TBI hypogonadism is a common finding after cranial trauma, and it is predicted to develop in 16% of the survivors in the long term. Post-TBI hypogonadism has been associated with adverse results in the acute and chronic phases after injury. These data reinforce the need for identification of hormonal deficiencies and their proper treatment, in order to optimize patient recovery, improve their life quality, and avoid the negative consequences of non-treated hypogonadism in the long term. O traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) é a causa mais comum de morte e incapacidade em adultos jovens. Desordens neuroendócrinas pós-TCE vêm sendo reconhecidas cada vez mais nos últimos anos devido à sua potencial contribuição para a morbidade e, possivelmente, mortalidade após trauma. Alterações acentuadas do eixo hipotálamo-hipófise foram documentadas nas fases aguda e crônica pós-TCE. Estudos prospectivos e longitudinais têm mostrado que algumas anormalidades são transitórias. Por outro lado, existe uma elevada frequência de deficiências hormonais hipofisárias a longo prazo entre os sobreviventes de TCE, que varia de 15% a 68%. Hipogonadismo pós-TCE é um achado comum a longo prazo e estima-se que, em média, 16% dos sobreviventes sejam afetados. Hipogonadismo pós-TCE tem sido associado a resultados adversos tanto na fase aguda quanto na fase crônica após a lesão. Esses dados reforçam a necessidade da identificação e adequado tratamento das deficiências hormonais, para otimizar a recuperação do paciente, melhorar a qualidade de vida e evitar as consequências negativas a longo prazo do hipogonadismo não tratado.
- Published
- 2009
42. Total estradiol, rather than testosterone levels, predicts osteoporosis in aging men
- Author
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Clapauch, Ruth, Mattos, Tatiana Martins, Silva, Patrícia, Marinheiro, Lizanka Paola, Buksman, Salo, and Schrank, Yolanda
- Subjects
free testosterone ,testosterona ,estradiol livre ,estradiol ,testosterona livre ,testosterone ,Male osteoporosis ,Osteoporose masculina ,SHBG ,free estradiol - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To study and establish sex hormone cutoff levels for osteoporosis risk in men over 50 years old. METHODS: Case-control study of 216 men > 50 years, 110 with osteoporosis (O) and 106 with normal bone density (C). We measured estradiol (E2), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), total testosterone (TT) and albumin. Free testosterone (FT) and bioavailable testosterone (BT) were calculated through Vermeulen's formula. RESULTS: There was no difference in TT between groups. Relative risks of osteoporosis were 1.89 for E2 < 37 pg/mL (p = 0.02); 1.91 for SHBG > 55 nmol/L (p = 0.019); 2.5 for FT < 7 ng/dL (p = 0.015); 2.7 for BT < 180 ng/dL (p = 0.0003). CONCLUSIONS: In men over 50 years old, TT was not indicative of osteoporosis risk while E2 < 37 ng/mL was. SHBG > 55 nmol/L, FT < 7 ng/dL and BT < 180 ng/dL can represent additional indications for osteoporosis screening in men over 50 years old. OBJETIVO: Estudar e estabelecer pontos de corte dos hormônios sexuais para risco de osteoporose em homens após os 50 anos de idade. MÉTODOS: Estudo caso-controle de 216 homens > 50 anos, 110 com osteoporose e 106 com densidade óssea normal. Foram dosados: estradiol (E2), globulina ligadora de hormônios sexuais (SHBG), testosterona total (TT) e albumina. Foram calculadas: testosterona livre (TLC) e testosterona biodisponível (TB) pela fórmula de Vermeulen. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença na TT entre os grupos. Os riscos relativos de osteoporose foram de 1,89 para E2 < 37 pg/mL (p = 0,02); 1,91 para SHBG > 55 nmol/L (p = 0,019); 2,5 para TLC < 7 ng/dL (p = 0,015) e 2,7 para TB < 180 ng/dL (p = 0,0003). CONCLUSÕES: Em homens acima de 50 anos, TT não indicou risco de osteoporose, mas E2 < 37 pg/mL sim. SHBG > 55 nmol/L, TLC < 7 ng/dL e TB < 180 ng/dL podem representar indicações adicionais para pesquisa de osteoporose em homens acima de 50 anos.
- Published
- 2009
43. Función reproductiva de sementales ovinos importados de Nueva Zelanda durante su primera época reproductiva en México
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Guadalupe Méndez Villalobos, Gerardo Jaramillo Escutia, Andrés Aragón Martínez, María Elena Ayala Escobar, Ignacio Arturo Domínguez-Vara, and Guadalupe Méndez Villalobos
- Subjects
semental ovino Suffolk ,testosterona ,Función reproductiva ,estradiol ,Veterinaria ,espermatozoides ,hormonas esteroides sexuales ,progesterona - Abstract
La importación de sementales de alto valor genético ha sido una estrategia común en México. Sin embargo, debido a que no se le ha dado seguimiento al desempeño reproductivo de tales sementales se llevó a cabo el presente trabajo para realizarlo en sementales Suffolk durante su primera época reproductiva en México (octubre a febrero). El comportamiento de los valores de la circunferencia escrotal, la cuenta y la morfología espermática, así como las concentraciones circulantes de testosterona de los sementales Suffolk durante su primera época reproductiva en México, coinciden con las que se notifi can en la literatura para esos animales en otras latitudes, aunque en México son de menor magnitud. Los cambios neuroendocrinos-reproductivos derivados de los estímulos ambientales, como las variaciones en la duración de los ciclos luz-oscuridad, han sido ampliamente documentados y se aceptan como responsables de los cambios estacionales en el comportamiento reproductivo de los carneros. En este trabajo, la mayor concentración de testosterona, así como la mayor producción de espermatozoides se observó en diciembre. Estos resultados indican que los sementales Suffolk importados son capaces de mantener su función testicular cíclica, aunque ésta se manifi esta con menor magnitud que en otras latitudes. Se desconocen las causas de este comportamiento, aunque pueden estar relacionadas con los cambios en la duración de los ciclos luz-oscuridad que ocurren en México.
- Published
- 2009
44. Desenvolvimento testicular, espermatogênese e concentrações hormonais em touros Angus
- Author
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Aguiar,Gyselle Viana, Araújo,Airton Alencar, and Moura,Arlindo de Alencar Araripe
- Subjects
Sertoli ,testosterona ,estradiol ,testículos - Abstract
Este estudo foi realizado com a finalidade de avaliar a evolução das secreções hormonais e do epitélio seminífero em touros da raça Angus de 10 a 38 semanas de idade. Foram castrados 1 a 5 animais em intervalos de quatro semanas (total de 25 touros) para coleta de amostras do parênquima testicular e do plasma sanguíneo. As variáveis relacionadas ao crescimento testicular, aos aspectos quantitativos da espermatogênese e aos níveis hormonais foram transformadas em logaritmo e avaliadas por meio de análise de variância. O diâmetro dos testículos e túbulos seminíferos e o peso testicular apresentaram variações mais acentuadas após 26 semanas de idade. A porcentagem do parênquima testicular ocupado pelos túbulos seminíferos aumentou de 49,3 para 75,2% durante o experimento. A maioria dos túbulos (>90%) apresentou-se com células de Sertoli somente entre 10 e 14 semanas, mas na 18ª (13,8±1,7%) e 22ª semanas (19±1%), o número de túbulos com gonócitos e espermatogônias aumentou em relação às semanas iniciais. Espermatogônias intermediárias e B predominaram na 26ª semana (24,5±8,2%) e a porcentagem de túbulos com espermatócitos foi mais elevada na 30ª semana (42,3±9,9%). Espermátides arredondadas foram detectadas partir da 26ª semana e, na 38ª semana, 62,3±1,5% dos túbulos seminíferos continham espermátides alongadas ou maduras. As variações mais acentuadas no crescimento testicular e, principalmente, no peso testicular após as 26 semanas coincidiram com o estabelecimento da meiose, com as alterações morfológicas do núcleo e nucléolo das células de Sertoli (indicativos do processo de diferenciação das mesmas), com os níveis reduzidos de androstenediona e os incrementos significativos de testosterona e estradiol 17beta. As associações entre o crescimento testicular e os níveis de FSH e LH na circulação periférica foram menos evidentes.
- Published
- 2006
45. Desenvolvimento testicular, espermatogênese e concentrações hormonais em touros Angus
- Author
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Aguiar, Gyselle Viana, Araújo, Airton Alencar, and Moura, Arlindo de Alencar Araripe
- Subjects
endocrine system ,Sertoli ,testosterona ,estradiol ,testosterone ,testis ,testículos - Abstract
Este estudo foi realizado com a finalidade de avaliar a evolução das secreções hormonais e do epitélio seminífero em touros da raça Angus de 10 a 38 semanas de idade. Foram castrados 1 a 5 animais em intervalos de quatro semanas (total de 25 touros) para coleta de amostras do parênquima testicular e do plasma sanguíneo. As variáveis relacionadas ao crescimento testicular, aos aspectos quantitativos da espermatogênese e aos níveis hormonais foram transformadas em logaritmo e avaliadas por meio de análise de variância. O diâmetro dos testículos e túbulos seminíferos e o peso testicular apresentaram variações mais acentuadas após 26 semanas de idade. A porcentagem do parênquima testicular ocupado pelos túbulos seminíferos aumentou de 49,3 para 75,2% durante o experimento. A maioria dos túbulos (>90%) apresentou-se com células de Sertoli somente entre 10 e 14 semanas, mas na 18ª (13,8±1,7%) e 22ª semanas (19±1%), o número de túbulos com gonócitos e espermatogônias aumentou em relação às semanas iniciais. Espermatogônias intermediárias e B predominaram na 26ª semana (24,5±8,2%) e a porcentagem de túbulos com espermatócitos foi mais elevada na 30ª semana (42,3±9,9%). Espermátides arredondadas foram detectadas partir da 26ª semana e, na 38ª semana, 62,3±1,5% dos túbulos seminíferos continham espermátides alongadas ou maduras. As variações mais acentuadas no crescimento testicular e, principalmente, no peso testicular após as 26 semanas coincidiram com o estabelecimento da meiose, com as alterações morfológicas do núcleo e nucléolo das células de Sertoli (indicativos do processo de diferenciação das mesmas), com os níveis reduzidos de androstenediona e os incrementos significativos de testosterona e estradiol 17beta. As associações entre o crescimento testicular e os níveis de FSH e LH na circulação periférica foram menos evidentes. This study aimed to evaluate changes in hormone secretion and in seminiferous epithelium of Angus bulls between 10 and 38 weeks of age. Samples of testicular parenchyma and blood were collected from 25 animals castrated in 4 week intervals. Traits associated to testicular development and quantitative aspects of spermatogenesis and hormonal concentrations were transformed by logarithm before analyses of variance. Changes in testis and seminiferous tubule diameter and testis weight were more pronounced after 26 weeks of age. The percentage of testicular parenchyma occupied by seminiferous tubules increased from 49.3 to 75.2% from 10 to 38 weeks. Most tubules (>90%) had only Sertoli cells at 10 and 14 weeks, but the number of tubules with gonocytes and A spermatogonia increased at 18 (13.8±1.7%) and 22 weeks (19±1%). Tubules with B and intermediate spermatogonia became predominant at 26 weeks (24.5±8.2%) and those with spermatocytes as the most advanced germ cell type were more evident at 30 weeks (42.3±9.9%). Round spermatids were detected at 26 weeks and at 38 weeks of age, 62.3±1.5% of all tubules had either elongate or mature spermatids. Variations in testis growth (specially testis weight) after 26 weeks were coincident with the establishment of meiosis in the seminiferous tubules, morphological alterations in nucleus and nucleolus of the Sertoli cells (indicators of Sertoli cell differentiation), lower levels of androstenedione and significant increases in testosterone and estradiol 17beta. Associations between testis development and concentrations of FSH and LH were less evident.
- Published
- 2006
46. Effects of testosterone, 17beta-estradiol, and downstream estrogens on cytokine secretion from human leukocytes in the presence and absence of cortisol
- Author
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José António Pereira da Silva, David Janele, Maurizio Cutolo, Rainer H. Straub, Thomas Lang, and Silvia Capellino
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hydrocortisone ,Estrogénios ,Leucócitos ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Immune system ,Receptors, Glucocorticoid ,Citoquinas ,History and Philosophy of Science ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Leukocytes ,Humans ,Secretion ,Testosterone ,Testosterona ,Estradiol ,Chemistry ,General Neuroscience ,Hidrocortisona ,Estrogens ,17beta estradiol ,Endocrinology ,Cytokines ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Cytokine secretion ,Glucocorticoid ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,medicine.drug ,Hormone - Abstract
Estrogens at physiological concentrations are thought to play an immune-stimulating role, whereas androgens have an anti-inflammatory impact. However, their role on cytokine secretion in the presence or absence of cortisol has not been investigated. Furthermore, the role of hydroxylated estrogens downstream of 17beta-estradiol (E2) on secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is not known. In this study on peripheral blood leukocytes of healthy male subjects, we scrutinized the influence of prior sex hormones (for 24 h) with and without later addition of cortisol (for another 24 h) on stimulated secretion of TNF, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). E2 stabilized or increased immune stimuli-induced secretion of TNF, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IFNgamma in relation to testosterone. Testosterone, in contrast, inhibited (IL-2, IL-4, IL-10) or tended to inhibit stimulated secretion of these cytokines (TNF, IFNgamma). This effect of E2 was pronounced at a concentration of 10(-10) M (testosterone: 10(-7) M) in the presence of cortisol. E2 (10(-8) M, 10(-10) M) and testosterone (10(-7) M) did not change glucocorticoid receptor expression. The downstream estrogens 2OH-estradiol(one), 4OH-estradiol(one), and 16OH-estradiol(one) did not stimulate TNF secretion at 10(-10) M, but even inhibited its secretion at 10(-11) M. However, the combination of 16OH-estradiol(one) on one side and 2OH-estradiol(one) or 4OH-estradiol(one) on the other side markedly stimulated TNF secretion that was only observable in the presence of cortisol. In conclusion, at physiological concentrations, E2 and a combination of downstream estrogens stabilized or increased immune stimuli-induced TNF secretion. These effects are dependent on the presence of physiological concentrations of cortisol. This study underlines the proinflammatory role of E2, which is probably dependent on conversion to a proinflammatory cocktail of downstream estrogens and the presence of cortisol.
- Published
- 2006
47. Propiedades neuroprotectoras de los esteroides sexuales
- Author
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Veiga, Sergio, García-Segura, Luis M., and Azcoitia, I.
- Subjects
Estradiol ,Neuroprotección ,Receptor periférico de benzodiacepinas ,Neuroesteroides ,Dehydroepiandrosterone ,Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein ,Neuroprotection ,Proteína de regulación aguda de esteroidogénesis ,Pregnenolona ,Aromatase ,Steroidogenesis ,Pregnenolone ,Esteroidogénesis ,Dehidroepiandrosterona ,Testosterone ,Progesterona ,Testosterona ,Neurosteroids ,Aromatasa ,Peripheral benzodiazepine receptor ,Progesterone - Abstract
[ES]El sistema nervioso es una diana de las hormonas esteroides y también un tejido esteroidogénico, y produce esteroides que actúan de una forma paracrina o autocrina sobre neuronas y glía. Los esteroides formados en el tejido nervioso se denominan neuroesteroides, para diferenciarlos, por su origen, de los esteroides periféricos, aunque tienen la misma estructura molecular que éstos. Desarrollo. Se analiza la capacidad de las neuronas y las células de glía de sintetizar esteroides, y se describe el papel de algunas moléculas clave en la esteroidogénesis, como la proteína de regulación aguda de esteroidogénesis, el receptor periférico de benzodiacepinas y la enzima aromatasa, que cataliza la conversión de testosterona en estradiol. También se describen los diversos mecanismos de acción de los esteroides hormonales y los neuroesteroides en el sistema nervioso. Éstos incluyen, tanto la regulación de la síntesis de proteínas por neuronas y glía, mediante acciones sobre receptores nucleares, como efectos rápidos mediados por receptores de membrana o la modulación alostérica de receptores para neurotransmisores. Se revisan las evidencias clínicas y experimentales de los efectos neuroprotectores de los esteroides sexuales y neuroesteroides y las limitaciones de la terapia hormonal sustitutiva, tras la menopausia. Conclusiones. Dada la limitación que plantea el uso sistémico de hormonas como terapia neuroprotectora, se necesitan encontrar estrategias alternativas que aprovechen las propiedades neuroprotectoras de los esteroides, tales como aumentar localmente su síntesis en el cerebro o desarrollar moléculas que activen a los receptores de esteroides en el sistema nervioso y no en los órganos periféricos, [EN]The nervous system is a target for steroid hormones as well as a steroidogenic tissue, and it produces steroids that have a paracrine or autocrine effect on neurons and glial cells. Steroids formed in nervous tissue are called neurosteroids in order to differentiate them, in terms of their origin, from the peripheral steroids, although they both share the same molecular structure. Development. We analyse the capacity of neurons and glial cells to synthesise steroids and describe the role played in steroidogenesis by certain key molecules, such as steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, peripheral benzodiazepine receptor and aromatase enzyme, which acts as a catalyst in the conversion of testosterone into estradiol. We also provide a description of the different mechanisms of action of the hormonal steroids and neurosteroids in the nervous system. These include both the regulation of protein synthesis by neurons and glial cells, by acting on nuclear receptors, and rapid effects mediated by membrane receptors or the allosteric modulation of neurotransmitter receptors. We review the clinical and experimental evidence for the neuroprotective effects of sex steroids and neurosteroids, and the limitations of hormone replacement therapy following menopause. Conclusions. Given the restraints involved in the systemic use of hormones as neuroprotective therapy, alternative strategies that take advantage of the neuroprotective properties of steroids must be sought. These could involve locally increasing their synthesis inside the brain or developing molecules that activate the steroid receptors in the nervous system and not in the peripheral organs
- Published
- 2004
48. Testosterone and testosterone plus 17 beta-estradiol prostatic hyperplasia induced in castrated rats
- Author
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Carlos Agurto Gonzáles, Ygna Oyola, and Paul Herrera
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Benign prostatic hyperplasia ,business.industry ,Histology ,Hyperplasia ,Hiperplasia prostática benigna ,medicine.disease ,Testosterone enantate ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,testosterona ,Prostate ,Internal medicine ,estradiol ,testosterone ,medicine ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,business ,Testosterone ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
La hiperplasia prostática benigna tiene una "etiología aún desconocida, postulándose que el estradiol (E2) esté posiblemente implicado. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la acción del E2 en la proliferación prostática inducida en ratas castrad as. El diseño fue experimental aleatorizado en 3 grupos independientes (para 8 ratas) durante 4 semanas; ellro, control sin tratamiento; el2do, castrado y tratado con enantato de testosterona (ET); y el 3ro. castrado y tratado con ET más hemisuccinato de 17 beta-estradiol. La valoración de la diferencia de los pesos prostáticos fue hecha mediante una prueba U; los hallazgos histológicos, con mícroscopía de luz: Verificamos un mayor incremento de los pesos prostáticos del 3er grupo con respecto al segundo, (estadísticamente en el límite de la significacia, P=O,05). De igual manera, histológicamente, el aumento en la secreción y la hiperplasia fue notoria en el 3er grupo respecto a los 2 primeros. Concluimos que el E2 sinergiza la acción proliferativa de la testosterona sobre la próstata, involucrándosele posiblemente en la génesis de la hiperplasia prostática benigna., Begin prostatic hyperplasia etiology is still unknow. It is believed that estradiol (E2) is involved. The objetive of this study was to determine the E2 action in the prostatic proloferation induced in castrated rats. The experimental was randomized in 3 independent groups during 4 weeks; the first one, control without treatment; the second one, castrated and testosterone enantate (TE) treated; and the third one, castrated and TE plus 17 beta-estradiol hemisuccinate treated. Weight prostatic difference was studied with the U test, histology with light-microscopy. Weight prostatic difference between the second and third groups as in the significance limit (P=0.05). Histologically increase in secretion and hyperplasia was noted in the third group. We concluded that E2 synergizes testosterone proliferating action upon the prostate and this could account for benign prostatic hyperplasis genesis.
- Published
- 1996
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