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Objective(s): Tanacetum species are traditionally used as insecticide, and externally wound healer as well as for anti-inflammatory and antihistaminic properties. The in vivo wound-healing and ant i-inflammatory potential of four Tanacetum species, Tanacetum argenteum (Lam.) Willd. subsp. argenteum (TA), Tanacetum heterotomum (Bornm.) Grierson (TH), Tanacetum densum (Lab.) Schultz Bip. subsp. sivasicum (TD), and Tanacetum vulgare L. (TV) was investigated. Materials and Methods: The chloroform (CHCl3) and methanol:water (80:20) extracts were prepared from the aerial parts of each plant. For assessment of the wound-healing activity, l inear incision on rats and circular excision on mice wound models were used and histopathological analyses were conducted on the tissues treated with the test materials. For the evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity, Whittle Method based on the inhibition of the acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability was used. In order to elucidate the phytochemical contents of the extracts, HPLC profiles of active fractions were screened and quantitative analysis was conducted within the scope of HPLC analysis. Results: The CHCl3 extracts of TD, TA and TV were found to have significant wound healing activity (37.1%, 30.8% and 26.1% tensile strength; 88.05%, 72.93% and 44.88% contraction values, respectively) and ant iinflammatory activities (31.5% and 26.6% inhibition values for TD and TA). Parthenol ide content of the CHCl3 extracts of TA, TH and TV were found 242.66±1.53, 190.16±5.62 and 177.51±3.73 μg/100 mg plant material, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results, the other secondary metabolites present in the aerial parts of the Tanacetum species possibly exerted synergistic effects on the observed healing of the wounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Essential oils from several plants have been used for the first aid treatment of wounds, abscess, and burns. For this reason, we aimed to evaluate the wound-healing potential of some essential oils, obtained from Pimpinella anisum L., Eugenia caryophyllus (Spreng.) Bullock & S.G. Harrison, Cuminum cyminum L., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Laurus nobilis L., Lavandula angustifolia Mill. ssp. angustifolia, and Melissa officinalis L., that have been frequently used in aromatherapy. In the present study, in vivo wound-healing activities of the selected essential oils were investigated by using linear incision and circular excision wound models. Moreover, the oils which are active in these test systems were analyzed by GC/MS for the identification of the major components. Essential oil obtained from L. angustifolia ssp. angustifolia and L. nobilis were found to be the most active among the tested samples. This research confirms the traditional usage of the active oils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective In Turkish folk medicine Momordica charantia L. is used for wound healing. The aim of the present study is to investigate this folkloric knowledge and confirm the plant’s potential effect on buccal mucosa wound in the rat. Design Wound healing activity of olive oil macerate of Momordica charantia L. was investigated in linear incision and circular excision wound models created in the buccal mucosa of the rat. The tissues were histopathologically evaluated, moreover, hydroxyproline contents of the tissues were determined. The anti-inflammatory activity was also assessed by using Whittle method with some modifications. Results Olive oil macerate of M. charantia showed significant wound healing activity both in incision (45.1%) and excision (89.8%) wound models and demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity with the inhibition value of 31.3% at the dose of 100 mg/kg. Conclusion The experimental data revealed that M. charantia showed significant wound healing and anti-inflammatory effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance: Trifolium species are used in Turkish folk medicine as a wound healing agent, expectorant, antiseptic, sedative and to alleviate pain in rheumatism. In the present study, the aqueous methanolic extracts (80%) of 13 Trifolium species (Trifolium ambigum, Trifolium arvense var. arvense, Trifolium campestre, Trifolium canescens, Trifolium hybridum var. anatolicum, Trifolium hybridum var. hybridum, Trifolium pannonicum, Trifolium pratense var. pratense, Trifolium purpureum var. purpureum, Trifolium repens var. repens, Trifolium resupinatum var. microcephalum, Trifolium spadiceum and Trifolium trichocephalum) collected from different regions of Anatolia were evaluated for their in vivo wound healing effects. Materials and methods: In vivo wound healing activities of the plant aqueous methanolic extracts were evaluated by linear incision and circular excision wound models subsequent to histopathological analysis. Active constituents were determined by a validated high performance liquid chromatographic method. Precision of the method was performed by the evaluation of intra-day and inter-day variations of the each standard at limits of quantification (LOQ) levels. Results: The aqueous methanolic extracts of Trifolium canescens and Trifolium pretense var. pratense possessed better wound healing activity compared to the other extracts and control groups. The animal groups treated with the Trifolium canescens extract demonstrated increased contraction (48.96%) on excision and a significant increase in wound tensile strength (35.6%) on incision models. The main compounds were detected as genistein and biochanin A for Trifolium canescens. Conclusion: The results of the present study revealed the wound healing potential of Trifolium canescens. This might be due to the combined effect of the isoflavones genistein, formononetin, daidzein, and biochanin A present in the extract. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance: According to ethnobotanical data, Pinus species have been used against rheumatic pain and for wound healing in Turkish folk medicine. Essential oils from the cones and needles of five different Pinus species (Pinus brutia Ten., Pinus halepensis Mill., Pinus nigra Arn., Pinus pinea L. and Pinus sylvestris L.) were evaluated for their in vivo wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities. Materials and methods: In vivo wound healing activity of the ointments prepared from essential oils was evaluated by linear incision and circular excision experimental wound models subsequently histopathological analysis and hydroxyproline content. Furthermore, the essential oils were screened for anti-hyaluronidase activity. Additionally anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by using the method of Whittle, which is based on the inhibition of acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability. Results: The essential oils obtained from the cones of Pinus pinea and Pinus halepensis demonstrated the highest effects on the wound healing activity models. On the other hand, the rest of the essential oils did not show any significant wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities. Conclusion: The experimental study revealed that essential oils obtained from the cones of Pinus pinea and Pinus halepensis display remarkable wound healing activity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance: In Turkish folk medicine Ranunculus species are used for wound healing and for the treatment of rheumatism. The present study was conducted to evaluate in vivo wound healing and anti-inflammatory properties of Ranunculus pedatus and Ranunculus constantinapolitanus. Material and methods: In vivo wound healing activity of the extracts prepared from Ranunculus pedatus and Ranunculus constantinapolitanus was evaluated by linear incision and circular excision wound models. Hydroxyproline content of the treated tissues was also assessed. We also studied the anti-inflammatory activity using Whittle method with some modifications. Results: Methanolic extract of Ranunculus pedatus showed significant wound healing effect both in incision (31.4%) and excision (55.74%) wound models. Methanolic extract of both Ranunculus pedatus and Ranunculus constantinapolitanus demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity with the inhibition value of 26.2% and 23.3% respectively, at the dose of 100mg/kg. Hydroxyproline content of the tissues treated with the methanolic and aqueous extracts of Ranunculus pedatus and methanolic extract of Ranunculus constantinapolitanus were found to be significantly higher than that of the other extracts. Conclusion: The experimental data revealed that Ranunculus pedatus showed significant wound healing and anti-inflammatory effect. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance: The leaves of Michauxia species are used for the treatment of wounds in Turkish traditional medicine. In the present study, wound healing, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the extracts obtained from the root and herb of 5 species of Michauxia collected in different parts of Turkey were evaluated. Material and methods: In vivo incision and excision wound models were used in order to assess the wound healing effects of the methanolic extracts of the plants. Skin samples were also evaluated histopathologically. In vivo inhibitory effect of the extracts on acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability was studied for the assessment of anti-inflammatory activity. TBA (thiobarbituric acid) test, qualitative and quantitative DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) tests were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity. Results: Noteworthy wound healing activity was observed for the ointment formulation prepared with 1% Michauxia nuda (root) and Michauxia tchihatchewii (herb) extracts. The results of histopathological evaluation supported the outcome of incision and excision wound models. Moreover, the Michauxia nuda (root) exerted remarkable anti-inflammatory effect. The highest antioxidant activity was observed with the ethyl acetate extract of Michauxia tchihatchewii herb. Conclusion: The experimental study revealed that Michauxia displays remarkable wound healing and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance: Ethnobotanical surveys revealed that Abies bornmulleriana, Abies cilicica, Abies nordmanniana and Cedrus libani have been used to promote wound healing in Turkish folk medicine. Four different fir species (Abies cilicica subsp. cilicica, Abies nordmanniana subsp. bornmulleriana, Abies nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani, and Abies nordmanniana subsp. nordmanniana), Cedrus libani and Picea orientalis were assessed for their in vivo wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities. Materials and methods: The essential oils from six different coniferous cones were used. In vivo wound healing activity of the plants was evaluated by linear incision and circular excision experimental wound models subsequently histopathological analysis. The healing potential was comparatively assessed with a reference ointment Madecassol®, which contains 1% extract of Centella asiatica. Additionally acetic acid-induced capillary permeability test was used for the oils’ anti-inflammatory activity. Results: The essential oils from Cedrus libani and Abies cilicica subsp. cilicica demonstrated the highest activities on the both wound models. Moreover, the oil from Abies nordmanniana subsp. bornmulleriana was found generally highly effective. On the other hand, the rest of the species did not show any remarkable wound healing effect. Results of the present study support the continued and expanded utilization of these plant species employed in Turkish folk medicine. Conclusion: The experimental study revealed that Cedrus libani and Abies cilicica subsp. cilicica display remarkable wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance Scorzonera species are mainly used against arteriosclerosis, kidney diseases, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and rheumatism, as well as for pain relief and wound healing in Turkish folk medicine. In the current study, aerial parts and roots of Scorzonera cinerea, Scorzonera incisa, Scorzonera latifolia, Scorzonera mollis ssp. szowitsii, Scorzonera parviflora, and Scorzonera tomentosa collected from different regions of Anatolia and yakı sakızı which is prepared by drying the latex is obtained from the roots of Scorzonera latifolia were evaluated for their wound healing and anti-inflammatory effects. Materials and methods: In vivo wound healing activity of the plants was evaluated by linear incision and circular excision wound models. Hydroxyproline content of the treated tissues was also assessed. Acetic acid-induced capillary permeability test was used for anti-inflammatory activity. For the determination of the active constituents, a new high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed. Precision of the developed method was performed by the evaluation of intra-day and inter-day variations of the each standard at limits of quantification (LOQ) levels. Results: The aqueous methanolic extracts of Scorzonera latifolia, Scorzonera mollis ssp. szowitsii demonstrated the highest activities. The main compound was detected as chlorogenic acid both in roots and aerial parts of the most Scorzonera species and hyperoside or rutin was determined as one of the main component of the aerial parts. Conclusion: The experimental study revealed that methanol–water extracts from aerial parts of Scorzonera latifolia and Scorzonera mollis ssp. szowitsii were found to have better activity on the wound healing compared to the other extracts and control groups. This might be due to the combined effect of the constituents present in the extracts. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Aim of the study: Ononis L. species have been used for healing of wounds, eczema and rheumatic complaints, against skin cancer and lesions and topically used as antiseptic and antimicrobial agent in folk medicine. In the present study, the aqueous and methanolic extracts of three endemic Ononis species growing in Turkey, including Ononis sessilifolia Bornm., Ononis basiadnata Hub.–Mor. and Ononis macrosperma Hub.–Mor. were assessed for their in vivo wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities. Materials and methods: In vivo wound healing activities of the plants were evaluated by using linear incision and circular excision experimental models subsequently histopathological analysis. The healing potential was comparatively assessed with a reference ointment Madecassol®, which contains 1% extract of Centella asiatica. In vivo inhibitory effect of the extracts on acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability was studied for the assessment of anti-inflammatory activity. Results: The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the aerial parts of O. macrosperma demonstrated the highest activity in both wound models and significant anti-inflammatory activity in acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability test. Furthermore, ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of O. sessilifolia showed anti-inflammatory effect but was devoid of wound healing activity. The rest of the species did not show remarkable wound healing effect. Ethyl acetate fraction of O. macrosperma ethanolic extract demonstrated significant but reduced wound healing activity, which revealed a possible combined effect. The results of histopathological examination supported the outcome of linear incision and circular excision wound models. Conclusion: The experimental study revealed that the aerial parts of O. macrosperma display remarkable wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Aim of the study: The leaves, flowers, and whole aerial parts of Verbascum L. (Scrophulariaceae) species are used to treat eczema and other types of inflammatory skin conditions and as a desiccant for wounds in Turkish traditional medicine. In the present study, the methanolic extracts of 13 Verbascum species growing in Turkey, including Verbascum chionophyllum Hub.-Mor., Verbascum cilicicum Boiss., Verbascum dudleyanum (Hub.-Mor.) Hub.-Mor., Verbascum lasianthum Boiss., Verbascum latisepalum Hub.-Mor., Verbascum mucronatum Lam., Verbascum olympicum Boiss., Verbascum pterocalycinum var. mutense Hub.-Mor., Verbascum pycnostachyum Boiss. & Heldr., Verbascum salviifolium Boiss., Verbascum splendidum Boiss., Verbascum stachydifolium Boiss. & Heldr and Verbascum uschackense (Murb.) Hub.-Mor. were assessed for their in vivo wound healing activity. Material and methods: In vivo wound healing activity of the plants were evaluated by linear incision and circular excision experimental models subsequently histopathological analysis. The healing potential was comparatively assessed with a reference ointment Madecassol®, which contains 1% extract of Centella asiatica. Results: The methanolic extracts of Verbascum olympicum, Verbascum stachydifolium and Verbascum uschackense demonstrated the highest activities on the both wound models. Moreover, the methanolic extracts of Verbascum latisepalum, Verbascum mucronatum, and Verbascum pterocalycinum var. mutense were found generally highly effective. On the other hand, the rest of the species did not show any remarkable wound healing effect. Results of the present study support the continued and expanded utilization of these plant species employed in Turkish folk medicine. Conclusion: The experimental study revealed that Verbascum species display remarkable wound healing activity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]