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The rising incidence of infertility among couples of childbearing age has been a global concern. The ovulatory and tubal factors are the common causes of female infertility, including the inflammation, adhesion and obstruction of oviduct. Pelvic inflammatory disease is the most common cause for oviduct infertility, which affected by Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Gonococcus or tubercle bacillus. Besides, appendicitis, induced abortion, abdominopelvic surgery, endometriosis and congenital dysplasia of fallopian tube are also the pathogenesis of oviduct infertility. The prevalence of tubal infertility brings not only the great economic burden to the society, but also the psychological pressure to the patients. This systematic review on the epidemiology and etiology of tubal infertility may help doctors to optimize the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of tubal infertility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]