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Spoprijemanje s sprejetjem novice, da ima otrok Downov sindrom, je težka preizkušnja za starše v življenju. Ti se morajo spoprijeti z veliko različnimi občutji in informacijami, ki jih dobijo ob diagnozi. V tem obdobju doživljajo veliko stisko, zato je še toliko pomembnejše, da imajo podporo partnerja, bližnjih sorodnikov in širše okolice. Namen magistrskega dela je razumeti doživljanje staršev ob prejetju novice, da ima njihov otrok Downov sindrom. Izvedena je bila kvalitativna raziskava, katere cilj je bil, da udeleženci opišejo svoja čustvena stanja in telesne senzacije, ki so jih občutili ob prejetju novice. Prav tako nas je zanimalo njihovo doživljanje podpore bližnje in širše okolice. V raziskavi smo uporabili fenomenološki pristop, prek katerega je bilo opravljenih šest intervjujev s šestimi različnimi pari staršev, ki imajo otroka z Downovim sindromom. Intervjuji so bili izvedeni med letoma 2019 in 2020. Poglobljen in usmerjen intervju je zajemal vprašanja, ki so se nanašala na naša področja raziskovanja, in sicer na časovni okvir prejetja novice, doživljajski vidik posameznika ob prejetju novice, doživljanje podpore bližnje in širše okolice, pomen in zadostnost podpore v dani situaciji, spremembo vlog v družinskem sistemu, doživljanje izkušnje zdaj in pogled na življenje skozi doživeto izkušnjo. Rezultati so pokazali, da lahko starši zelo različno doživljajo izkušnjo prejetja novice o Downovem sindromu. Nekateri lahko občutijo različna čustvena stanja in telesne odzive ob prejetju novice. Za starše je lahko zelo pomembna podpora bližnje in širše okolice, saj jim ti lahko dasta občutek moči, upanja, varnosti. Po določenem časovnem obdobju, ko starši sprejmejo diagnozo, pa se lahko pri njih pojavijo tudi pozitivna občutja. Takšna izkušnja lahko nekaterim družinam spremeni življenje, medsebojne odnose, vloge v družini in njihov pogled na življenje. For all parents is a difficult ordeal in their life when receiving the news that their child has Down syndrome. After a child is diagnosed, the parents are faced to deal with many various emotions and information’s about it. During distress periods parents require the support of each other, close relatives, and the wider community. The purpose of the master's thesis is to understand the emotions of parents when receiving the news that their child has Down syndrome. Qualitative research has been carried out during which participant’s emotional states and bodily sensations were described when they obtained the news. Their inner perception of the support from close relatives and the wider community was also included. A phenomenological psychological approach was used through six two-parent family interviews that have a child with Down syndrome. Interviews were conducted in years, 2019 and 2020. An in-depth, focused interview was referring to the area of research when getting the news, such as time frame, sensational aspect, experiencing support from the closer and wider community, the importance and adequacy of support in a given situation, changing roles in the family system and emotional experience through different time periods. The results have shown that parents might have a very a different way of the emotional experience when they were confronted with child diagnosis. Some might experience various emotional states and bodily responses. For parents, support of each other, close and wider community could be extremely important as it gives them strength, hope, and security. After a certain period of time, when parents accept their child's diagnosis, they might also experience positive feelings. Such an experience can change their lives, relationships, roles in the family, and their view on life.

Ko človek izve za diagnozo rak se pojavi veliko vprašanj in čustev, ki pretresejo tako posameznika kot njihove svojce. Intenzivna čustva lahko kar preplavljajo posameznika, zato lahko njegovo razmišljanje, vedenje in odločitve na začetku delujejo precej zmedene. Vendar v to intenzivno čustveno dogajanje postopoma vstopajo prebliski razumskega ocenjevanja položaja in iskanje možnega ravnanja. Namen magistrskega dela je razumeti doživljanje onkoloških pacientov v odnosu z njihovimi družinskimi člani. Cilj raziskave je bil, da se opišejo čustvena stanja, ki jih pacienti doživljajo, telesne senzacijo, na kakšen način se soočajo z boleznijo, ter kako doživljajo svoje najbližje. Z uporabo kvalitativna metode dela in fenomenološkega pristopa je bilo opravljenih sedem polstrukturiranih intervjujev z udeleženci, ki so imeli lastno izkušnjo bolezni rak. Intervjuji so bili opravljeni v letu 2016 do 2018. Sodelovalo je 6 žensk in en moški. Udeleženci intervjujev so opisovali, da je bilo sprejetje raka za njih zelo težko, prisotni so bili občutki zanikanja, žalosti, krivde, jeze in agresije., ter obupa. Nekateri intervjuvanci so opisovali nemoč, predvsem s strani družinskih članov, kar jim je predstavljalo najtežjo stvar celotnega procesa zdravljenja. Po končanem zdravljenju so intervjuvanci navajali, da je njihovo življenje pridobilo smisel. Razvila so se globlja čustva hvaležnosti. Kljub podobnim odgovorom pa ne moremo posploševati dejstva, da tako doživljajo vsi onkološki pacienti, temveč je potrebno razumeti, da je numerus naše raziskave zelo majhen. Lahko pa, da so občutki, ki so jih opisovali udeleženci prisotni tudi pri drugih onkoloških pacientih When a person learns about their cancer diagnosis, a lot of questions and feelings that shake both the individual and their relatives arise. Such intense emotions can be overwhelming for the individual, so their thinking, behaviour and decisions may seem quite confusing. However, during the times of emotional stress, rational assessment of the situation and the search for possible actions gradually appear. The goal of the master's thesis is to understand what oncological patients experience in relation to their family members. The aim of the thesis is to describe the emotional conditions that patients experience, their body sensations, how they are dealing with the disease, and how they experience their loved ones. Using the qualitative method and the phenomenological approach, seven semi-structured interviews with participants who had an experience with cancer were conducted. The interviews were conducted between 2016 and 2018, and include six women and one man. Participants claim that acceptance of the cancer diagnosis was very difficult for them, and report feeling denial, sadness, guilt, anger, aggression, and despair. Some interviewees describe helplessness, especially that of their family members, which was the most difficult aspect of the entire treatment process for the patient. The interviewees state that their life became meaningful after completing the treatment. Deeper feelings of gratitude developed. Despite similar answers we, however, cannot generalize while it is possible that the feelings described by the participants may also be present in other oncological patients, it is necessary to understand that the number of participants in our research is very small.

Smrt bližnega je lahko ena izmed najtežjih in najbolj bolečih izkušenj, ki lahko doleti posameznika v življenju. V tem času lahko žalujoči doživlja veliko stisko, ki ga naredi ranljivega. Pri tovrstni travmi se posameznik sooča z zelo intenzivnimi emocijami, občutki, spremembami in prilagoditvami v življenju. Doživljanje izkušnje nenadne smrti je individualna izkušnja, zato je pomembno, da so svojci in ostali žalujoči v času žalovanja strpni in spoštljivi drug do drugega. Takšno doživljanje stiske lahko pusti posamezniku razne duševne in fizične motnje, če posameznik ne uloži lastnega truda v sam proces izžalovanja izgube ali ni deležen optimalne podpore z okolja. V kvalitativni fenomenološki raziskavi, ki jo je avtorica izvedla na vzorcu 8 žalujočih udeležencih, je za namene ugotavljanja posameznikovega doživljanja izkušnje nenadne smrti družinskega člana uporabila v naprej pripravljen poglobljeni usmerjeni intervju, ki je zajemal deset vprašanj, katera so se nanašala na vsebinsko področje raziskave. Osnovna vprašanja so se navezovala na pokojno osebo (kje, kdaj in kako se je zgodila nenadna smrt), čustveno in telesno doživljajnje izkušnje žalujočega, doživljanje podpore v ožjem ter širšem okolju žalujočega, možne spremembe v družinskem sistemu (menjava vlog, prilagoditve), razliko v njihovem doživljanju izkušnje nekoč in danes ter pozitiven in negative vidik takšne izkušnje v življenju. Rezultati so pokazali, da lahko vsak žalujoči drugače doživlja izkušnjo nenadne smrti. Pri udeležencih se kaže, kako pomembna je lahko družinska, socialna in strokovna podpora pri izkušnji nenadne smrti bližnjega, saj lahko ta žalujočemu daje občutek pripadnosti in upanja na boljše. Kažejo se spremembe njihovega vrednostnega sistema medsebojnih odnosov in optimističnega pogleda na življenje. The death of a loved one may be one of the most difficult and painful experiences that an individual can experience in life. During this time, the mourner can experience a lot of distress that makes him vulnerable. In this kind of trauma, an individual faces very intense emotions, feelings, changes, and adjustments in their life. Experiencing sudden death is an individual experience, so it is important that relatives and other mourners are tolerant and respectful to one another at that time. If the individual does not put his own effort into the process of mourning a loss or does not receive optimal support from the environment, such distress can leave the individual various mental and physical disorders. In a qualitative phenomenological research, carried out on a sample of 8 grieving participants, for the purpose of determining an individual's experience of the experience of sudden death of a family member, the author used a pre-prepared in-depth targeted interview, which covered ten questions that related to our content area. The basic questions were related to the deceased person (where, when and how the sudden death occurred), emotional and physical experience of the grieving experience, experiencing support in the narrower and wider environment of the grieving person, possible changes in the family system (changing roles, adjustments), the difference in their experiencing experience once and today, and a positive and negative aspect of such an experience in life. The results showed that each mourner can experience a sudden death experience differently. The participants show the importance of family, social and professional support in the experience of the sudden death of a loved one, because it gives individuals the feeling of belonging and hope for the better. They show changes in their value system of mutual relationships and an optimistic view of life.