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With increasing demand of the power load and the development of the new energy resources, voltage-sourced converter-based high-voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) transmission system has been widely utilized. However, its development is seriously limited due to short circuit. To address this, high-temperature superconducting direct current fault current limiter (DC-SFCL) is designed. In this paper, a novel topology of DC-SFCL is firstly presented along with its principle and mathematical model. Secondly, the thermoelectric model of its superconducting current-limiting unit (SCLU) is established. In addition, simulation of VSC-HVDC system containing this novel DC-SFCL topology is analyzed using Simulink software. Finally, experimental measurements are designed and conducted to verify the correctness of the theoretical model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The level of fault current increases as urban power grid expands in recent years. The traditional relay protection has difficulties in preventing the increased fault current in power grid. Magneto-biased superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is a novel technology with two-stage fault current limiting capability of reducing the level of fault current in the first half of the cycle and further in the second cycle. It consists of a double-split reactor, a non-inductive YBCO component, and a fast circuit breaker. Achieving its coordination with relay protection can reduce the reconstruction cost of power system and contribute to the promotion of SFCL. This paper analyzes the SFCL's operating mechanism at first. Then, a typical 10 kV IEEE 9-bus power system model including the magneto-biased SFCL is built to theoretically investigate the quench and current limiting characteristics and validate the feasibility of SFCL. Finally, a distance protection setting of a simplified 10 kV urban power grid is calculated and the influence of the introduction of the magneto-biased SFCL on the distance protection is quantified. The simulation results of single-phase short-circuit fault show that the zone I and zone II of distance protection can be properly activated and there is little impact on the distance protection of zone III. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A configuration approach is proposed to find where to install SFCL in power system. • A configuration approach is proposed to decide which type of SFCL is chosen for a specific power grid. • A method is proposed to find the optimal configuration approach of SFCLs. • The NPV method is proposed to quantify the economic behavior of the SFCLs. • The proposed method can ensure current-limiting requirements and economic benefits of SFCL. The superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is expected to be a good choice for cooperating the circuit breakers to cut off large fault current. In order to achieve better economic benefits and meet the current limiting requirements of the power grid, a novel configuration approach of SFCL is proposed. The sensitivity factor is utilized to select the type of SFCL and the candidate transmission branches for SFCL to be installed. The particle swarm optimization with shrinkage factor (XARPSO) and the Pareto principle is introduced for determining optimal configuration of SFCLs. Then, the net present value (NPV) index method is proposed to conduct the economic analysis of an SFCL, considering the total device cost and the whole network power loss. Besides, the economic comparison between SFCLs and conventional current-limiting air core reactors (ACR) is carried out. Finally, the IEEE 39-bus system is built and a large amount of calculation results show that the SFCL have promising application prospects in limiting the fault current and reducing the network loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• 10 kV operation test of SFCL with bias magnetic field was achieved. • Results shown the limiting resistance is ~1.21 Ω within 10 ms fault time. • Quench response time is less than 5 ms. Under the support of the China State Grid Corporation Science and Technology Project, a set of 10 kV superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) with bias magnetic field including a high temperature superconducting a low inductance unit, a double split reactor, a fast breaker and its control system is designed and assembled in Hushitai high voltage center of Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co., Ltd. The 10 kV dedicated test including high voltage test, phase to phase short circuiting fault test, quench resistance measurement, quench recovery time measurement were performed in December 2019. The fault current distribution and voltage test results during the phase to phase short-circuit fault of the SFCL are presented and analyzed. Test results indicate that current limiting resistance of SFCL unit is about 1.21 Ω within 10 ms fault time. Those results meet the design requirement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]