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Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between calcium‐binding protein S100A8 and S100A9 expression in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and patients’ clinical features. Methods Fifty‐two NSCLC patients who underwent surgery at Zhejiang Hospital from February 2014 to January 2016 were included in this study. Calcium‐binding protein S100A8 and S100A9 expression patterns in cancer and para‐cancer tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry assay. The correlation between calcium‐binding protein S100A8 and S100A9 expression patterns and NSCLC patients’ clinical characteristics, including age, gender, tumor node metastasis stage, and pathology type, were evaluated. Results S100A8 and S100A9 were generally expressed on the cytoplasm and nucleus of NSCLC cells, mainly located in the cytoplasm, stained with brown particles, and distributed evenly. The positive expression rates of S100A8 and S100A9 in cancer tissues were 71.2% and 76.9%, respectively, which were significantly higher than in para‐cancer tissues at 11.5% and 19.2%, respectively, with statistical significance (P 0.05). Conclusion S100A8 and S100A9 positive expression in cancer tissues was significantly higher than in para‐cancer tissues and was correlated with tumor differentiation, which may be a potential marker for poor prognosis.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated to what extent anthropometric and lifestyle factors contributed to the classification of Chinese individuals into groups with white-coat, masked and sustained hypertension (HT). METHODS: We measured the office and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) in 694 Chinese enrolled in the JingNing population study (45.7% men; mean age, 48.4 years). In multivariate-adjusted analyses, we determined the correlates of both types of BP and the factors contributing to white-coat HT (conventional and daytime BP > or =140/90 and or =135/85 mmHg) and sustained HT (> or =140/90 and > or =135/85 mmHg), relative to normotension (

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the ambulatory blood pressure (BP) in rural Chinese and compared its characteristics with those reported in other population-based studies. METHODS: We enrolled inhabitants from six villages of the JingNing County, China. We recorded the ambulatory BP using 90207 SpaceLabs monitors. Trained physicians measured the conventional BP at the participants' homes. Hypertension was defined as a conventional BP of >/=140/>/=90 mmHg or a condition requiring the intake of antihypertensive drugs. Using MEDLINE, we searched for population-based studies on ambulatory BP monitoring. RESULTS: The 356 participants (12-86 years) included 192 (53.9%) women and 117 (32.9%) hypertensive patients. In all participants, systolic/diastolic BP averaged 129/80 mmHg at home. The ambulatory BP means were 121/77 mmHg over 24 h, 126/81 mmHg during daytime (0800 to 1800 h) and 112/70 mmHg during night-time (2200 to 0400 h). The awake and asleep BPs averaged 126/82 and 112/70 mmHg, respectively. Using previously published definitions of daytime (1000 to 2000 h) and night-time (midnight to 0600 h) instead of those given above, inflated the BP differences with the awake and asleep BPs from 0.4/0.2 to 1.2/1.0 mmHg and from 0.3/0 to 1.4/1.6 mmHg, respectively. Compared with daytime values, conventional BP was 2.7/3.1 mmHg lower in normotensive individuals, but 14.9/1.3 mmHg higher in hypertensive patients. In our normotensive individuals, the whole-day and night-time diastolic BPs were from 1 to 4 mmHg and from 3 to 7 mmHg higher than in five other population studies in Caucasians or Japanese, whereas night-time BP in our participants was 9/5 mmHg lower than in Chinese living in Taiwan. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated significant differences in the characteristics of the ambulatory blood pressure across Asian and Caucasian populations. To what extent different activity patterns and genetic and environmental factors explain this context-dependency remains to be clarified. ispartof: Blood Pressure Monitoring vol:10 issue:3 pages:125-134 ispartof: location:England status: published

OBJECTIVE We investigated, in a sample of Chinese families, the associations of body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), serum lipids, fasting plasma glucose, serum creatinine and uric acid with the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene. METHODS We genotyped 902 subjects from 186 nuclear families recruited in Shanghai, China, via a specialized hypertension clinic. We performed family-based association analyses for continuous and dichotomous phenotypic measurements using the quantitative and sib- transmission/disequilibrium tests (QTDT and Sib-TDT), respectively. RESULTS The study sample included 121 parents and 781 offspring from 25 two-parent families, 71 one-parent families, and 90 families without parental information. The median number of offspring was four (range from 2 to 10). Of the 654 (85.4%) hypertensive offspring, 458 took antihypertensive drugs. The 354 male offspring were slightly younger than the 427 female siblings (48.1 versus 49.2 years, P = 0.03), but they had similar BMI (25.1 kg/m). In 482 informative offspring, QTDT analyses demonstrated a significant association between BMI and the transmission of the ACE D allele (regression coefficient 0.563, chi 2 = 4.02, P = 0.04). In 106 families with at least one hypertensive offspring and at least one normotensive sibling, Sib-TDT analyses showed that the ACE D allele was slightly over-transmitted from heterozygous parents to hypertensive offspring (P = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS Our family-based study suggests that in Chinese, the ACE I/D polymorphism might play a role in the development of obesity and hypertension, which are closely linked cardiovascular risk factors.

Genetic variants of transforming growth factor (TGF) beta1 have been reported to be associated with diabetic nephropathy. Few studies investigated polymorphisms in the TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta3 genes in relation to renal dysfunction in non-diabetic subjects. In all, 601 non-diabetic Chinese were genotyped for the TGF-beta1 T869C and TGF-beta3 IVS3-98GA polymorphisms by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism and real-time allele-specific PCR, respectively. Renal dysfunction was defined as a predicted glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 60mL/min/1.73m(2) or less. 24-hour urinary albumin excretion was measured by an immunonephelometric assay in 352 hypertensive subjects. Our study sample included 184 (30.6%) women, 396 (65.9%) hypertensive patients (65.9%), and 94 (15.6%) patients with renal dysfunction. In men but not women, the TGF-beta1 TC genotype was significantly (p = 0.0005) overrepresented in patients with renal dysfunction (52.2% vs 36.8% in subjects with normal renal function). Accordingly, in men, with adjustment for age, body mass index, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, serum creatinine concentration was significantly (por = 0.03) higher in the TC heterozygotes than TT and CC homozygotes. Furthermore, in 231 male hypertensive patients, with similar adjustments applied, 24-hour urinary albumin excretion was significantly (p = 0.02) higher in the IVS3-98 AA homozygotes than G allele carriers. In further multivariate regression analysis, only in men, TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta3 genotypes as independent predictors had statistically significant effect on serum creatinine (p = 0.007) and urinary albumin excretion (p = 0.022), respectively. Our study demonstrated the associations of genetic variants in the TGF-beta genes with renal dysfunction and albuminuria in non-diabetic Han Chinese men but not women.

Evidence from animal models and human studies suggests that CYP2J2 plays a mechanistic role in the development of hypertension. The present study aims to investigate the potential genetic contribution of the CYP2J2 gene to the etiology of essential hypertension (EH) and individual blood pressure.We selected eight polymorphisms in/or around the CYP2J2 gene and performed a case-control association study involving 841 Han Chinese subjects, including 415 unrelated hypertensives and 426 age-, gender- and area-matched normotensives.Three functionally identified variants (CYP2J2 *2, *7 and CYP2J2 *8) and SNP rs11572182 represented rare polymorphisms in Han Chinese. However, the difference in rs1155002 genotype distribution between hypertensive and healthy subjects was close to significance (P = 0.06) in the whole sample. Interestingly, significant evidence for an association with rs1155002 was found in females when stratified by gender. In females, the TT homozygote of rs1155002 seems to be a risk factor for hypertension (p = 0.014). In addition, ANOVA analysis suggested TT carriers had significantly higher systolic blood pressure (p = 0.016). The genotype frequencies for rs10493270, rs1180273 and rs1324491 revealed no statistically significant differences. Likewise, four-marker haplotype frequencies showed no significant differences between cases and controls.Our data provide strong evidence that the CYP2J2 gene is a susceptibility factor for essential hypertension, especially in females, and influences individual systolic blood pressure in the Chinese Han population.

To investigate the association of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) -344T/C polymorphism with plasma renin activity (PRA), and concentrations of angiotensin II (Ang II) and aldosterone (Aldo) in patients with essential hypertension (EH).421 EH patients, 296 males and 125 females, aged 56.3 +/- 11.2, and 207 sex and aged-matched normotensive subjects were genotyped for the CYP11B2 -344T/C polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. PRA and plasma Ang II and Aldo concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay among 328 EH patients in the supine position and 279 of the 328 subjects in the upright position.No significant difference in genotype and allele frequencies of CYP11B2 -344T/C polymorphism was observed between the EH and normotensive subjects (P = 0.61 and P = 0.34 respectively). In the 328 EH patients undergoing measurement of PRA, Ang II, and Aldo, the plasma Aldo concentration of the TT subjects was 76.8 pg/ml, significantly higher than those of the TC subjects (58.8 pg/ml) and CC subjects (58.8 pg/ml, P = 0.02), after adjustment for age, sex and body mass index. No association was found between the -344T/C polymorphism and PRA and plasma Ang II in the supine position (P = 0.63 and P = 0.28 respectively). However, with similar adjustment applied, the plasma Ang II concentration in the upright position was higher in the CC subjects (85.7 pg/ml) than in the TC subjects (54.6 pg/ml) and TT subjects (51.8 pg/ml. P = 0.02).In the EH patients, CYP11B2 -344T/C polymorphism is associated with plasma Aldo and the plasma Ang II concentration when the patients are in the upright position.

To explore the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of three candidate genes, including T869C of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1), -344T/C of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) and Gly460Trp of alpha-Adducin with essential hypertension in Chinese Han population.Three hundred ninety six hypertensive patients and 214 normotensive subjects were genotyped for T869C, -344T/C and Gly460Trp polymorphisms with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and mutagenically separated PCR (MS-PCR), respectively.In single-gene analysis, no association was observed between either CYP11B2 -344T/C or alpha-Adducin Gly460Trp polymorphism and essential hypertension. For female, there were significant difference in genotype distribution and allele frequency of T869C polymorphism (P0.02), as compared with subjects with T allele. CC homozygosity had a higher relative risk of hypertension (OR = 2.97, 95% CI, 1.38 to 6.32, P = 0.004), whereas we failed to detect any association between T869C polymorphism and essential hypertension in male. In multiple-gene analysis, the incidence of hypertension was higher in CYP11B2 TT homozygosity than in other CYP11B2 genotypes (OR = 1.99, 95% CI, 1.01 to 3.74, P = 0.03) in the presence of TGF-beta1 CC genotype.Our results indicated that T869C polymorphism of TGF-beta1 gene might be associated with essential hypertension in female, furthermore, the TGF-beta1 T869C and CYP11B2-344T/C polymorphisms appeared to interact in hypertensive population.

To investigate the association of peripheral and central blood pressure with the alpha-adducin Gly460Trp polymorphism in Chinese.We randomly selected 6 villages from JingNing County, ZheJiang Province. We invited nuclear families to take part in our study. We measured each participant's blood pressure at the non-dominant arm by means of a standard mercury sphygmomanometer at subjects' homes. Five consecutive readings were averaged for analysis. Central blood pressures were obtained by use of SphigmoCor pulse wave analysis system. The observers administered a standardized questionnaire to collect information on smoking habits, alcohol consumption and use of antihypertensive drugs. Venous blood was sampled and the adducin genotype was determined by restrictive fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).Four hundred and forty-two subjects included 230 (52.0%) women, and 116 (26.2%) hypertensive patients, of whom 49 (11.1%) took antihypertensive drugs. The frequencies of alpha -adducin GlyGly, GlyTrp and TrpTrp genotypes were 21.3%, 54.5% and 24.2%, respectively. There was no association between the alpha-adducin Gly460Trp polymorphism and peripheral systolic and diastolic blood pressure and pulse pressure. However, both before and after adjustment for sex, age, age(2), body-mass index, current smoking, alcohol intake, and antihypertensive treatment, the alpha-adducin polymorphism was significantly (P0.02) associated with central systolic blood pressure and central pulse pressure. After adjustment, central systolic blood pressure (+/- SE) averaged 122.5 +/- 3.5, 114.1 +/- 1.5 and 109.1 +/- 1.8 mm Hg (P = 0.01) in the GlyGly, GlyTrp and TrpTrp subjects, respectively. The corresponding values for central pulse pressure were 39.4 +/- 1.3, 36.4 +/- 1.0 and 32.9 +/- 0.9 mm Hg (P = 0.002), respectively.In the JingNing population, the adducin 460Trp allele was associated with lower levels of central systolic pressure and pulse pressure.

To investigate possible association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of transforming growth factor beta3 (TGF-beta3) gene and essential hypertension (EH) in Chinese.The promoter region, exons, as well as part of the introns of TGF-beta3 gene were sequenced by a fluorescent labeling automatic sequencing method to detect and characterize the SNPs in 24 DNA samples from a Chinese population. Then we conducted a case-control study using 396 patients with hypertension (case) and 214 nomortensive subjects (control). The three SNPs including Thr63Asn, SS5608219 and SS5608220 were genotyped by PCR-RFLP or real-time allele-specific PCR in subjects studied.Seven SNPs in the exons, introns and 3'untranslated region (3'UTR) of TGF-beta3 gene were identified. Among them, 2 SNPs were found to be novel genetic variants and one of the two located in the exon 1 and produced substitution of amino acid. However, no differences were found between hypertensives and nomortensives in genotype distribution and allele frequency of SS5608219, Thr63Asn or SS5608220 polymorphisms.Two novel SNPs of TGF-beta3 gene were identified in Chinese. One of them produces a threonine to asparagines substitution in codon 63 (Thr63Asn). But no association was found between TGF-beta3 gene polymorphisms and EH in Chinese.

BACKGROUND: Blood pressure (BP) increases with body mass index (BMI) and excessive alcohol intake. Few epidemiologic studies explored the interaction between BMI and alcohol intake in relation to BP. METHODS: We randomly selected 10 villages with a mixed population of HAN and SHE Chinese in the JingNing County in Southeast China. We measured BP, anthropometric characteristics, and alcohol intake in 1688 participants. Our statistical methods included single and multiple linear and logistic regressions. RESULTS: HAN (n = 520) and SHE (n = 1168) had a similar sex and age distribution. SHE Chinese, compared with HAN, had a higher BP (128.0/79.7 v 121.5/76.9 mm Hg, P < .001), and more frequently reported alcohol intake (45.0% v 27.7%; P < .001), but showed lower BMI (22.2 v 22.5 kg/m2; P = .05) and waist-to-hip ratio (0.83 v 0.87; P < .001). In SHE, but not HAN, there was a significant interaction (P < .01) between BMI and alcohol intake in relation to BP. In SHE with BMI < 25 kg/m2, BP was significantly higher in drinkers than nondrinkers (129.4/80.2 v 124.2/77.4 mm Hg, P < .001), whereas among SHE with BMI > or = 25 kg/m2, BP was not associated with alcohol intake (134.3/84.9 v 136.8/85.7 mm Hg, P > .41). Accordingly, in SHE Chinese, the slope of BP associated with BMI was less steep (P < .01) in drinkers than nondrinkers. CONCLUSIONS: Among SHE Chinese, alcohol intake and BMI interactively influenced BP. Further research is required to elucidate the underlying mechanism. ispartof: American journal of hypertension vol:19 issue:5 pages:448-53 ispartof: location:United States status: published

To identify the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the regulatory and coding regions of human SCN7A (sodium channel, voltage-gated, type VII, alpha polypeptide) gene and to investigate the association of some of these SNPs with essential hypertension (EH) in Chinese.The promoter region, exons, as well as part of the introns of SCN7A gene were sequenced by a fluorescent labeling automatic sequencing method to identify and characterize the SNPs in Chinese population. SNP genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP or direct DNA sequencing in unrelated EH patients and normotensive controls from a Chinese Han population residing in Shanghai area. Case-control studies on seven SNPs were first carried out in 96 patients and 96 normotensive controls. The positive finding was further verified in an extended study containing 288 patients and 288 controls.Thirty-two SNPs were identified through a 13,132 bp sequencing of SCN7A gene. Among them, seven were in regulatory region, ten in coding regions, one in 3'UTR and fourteen in introns. Thirty SNPs were novel SNPs, and a cSNP in exon 18 (SNP021) was associated with hypertension.The SNP021 in the gene SCN7A is associated with essential hypertension of Chinese Han population in Shanghai and the role of SCN7A gene in hypertension deserves to be further analyzed.

To identify the genetic variants of angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) gene in a Chinese population and to determine whether the AT2R gene polymorphisms are associated with essential hypertension (EH).The detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was performed in 19 subjects by a direct DNA sequencing. Two hundred fifty patients with EH and 250 nomortensive controls were included in the study to assess the contribution of polymorphism of AT2R gene to hypertension.We identified 9 SNPs in the promoter, intron, exons and 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of AT2R gene; among them 5 SNPs were novel molecular variants. A case-control study using a most frequent SNP (1334T/C) in the promoter region, showed a significant increase in allele frequency of C1334 in male hypertensive subjects (17.5 % vs 10.3 % for normotensive subjects, P0.05).The catalogue of SNPs of AT2R gene in Chinese population showed ethnic difference in DNA sequence variation. A polymorphism in the promoter region (1334T/C) of AT2R gene might be involved in the development of hypertension in Chinese population.

Adducin is a membrane skeletal protein that is involved in the regulation of membrane ion transport and cellular signal transduction. Essential hypertension has been linked to alpha-adducin gene locus, and association of a polymorphism of the gene has been found in some studies, but results of linkage or association studies on alpha-adducin gene are controversial among different populations. This study was designed to examine the linkage between alpha-adducin gene locus and essential hypertension and to reveal the relationship between an alpha-adducin gene polymorphism (Gly460Trp) and essential hypertension in a Chinese population. For the linkage study, one hundred and six Chinese nuclear families were recruited, including 417 hypertensive patients in all 474 individuals. Those samples were genotyped at D4S412 and D4S3038. The distances between the two microsatellite markers and the alpha-adducin gene locus are less than 3cM. Parametric, non-parametric linkage (NPL) analyses using the GENEHUNTER software were carried out. Sib transmission-dise- quilibrium test (S-TDT), as well as transmission-disequilibrium test (TDT). was also implemented with TDT/S-TDT Program 1.1. Serum levels of uric acid, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), fasting glucose and lipids were determined as phenotypes. In an association study, 138 hypertensive and 121 normotensive subjects were genotyped at Gly460Trp of the alpha-adducin gene to examine a possible association between this polymorphism and blood pressure or other phenotypes. We fail to find the linkage between the two markers and essential hypertension by parametric, NPL analysis or TDT/S-TDT study. With the use of the simple association and the multivariate logistic regression analyses, we also fail to reveal a significant association between the Gly460Trp polymorphism in alpha-adducin gene and the blood pressure variation, or blood biochemical indices studied. The frequency of the 460Trp allele in Chinese (46-48%) is similar to that found in Japanese (54-60%) while the allele frequency is less common in Caucasian (13%-23%). These findings suggest that in our Chinese population, alpha-adducin 460Trp variant may not play an important role in the etiology of EH. And the negative results of linkage and TDT/ S-TDT further supports this conclusion.

We reported previously that normotensive Chinese had higher nighttime diastolic blood pressure compared with non-Chinese. We, therefore, studied the prevalence and characteristics of isolated nocturnal hypertension (HT) and its association with arterial stiffness, an intermediate sign of target organ damage. We recorded ambulatory blood pressure, the central and peripheral systolic augmentation indexes, the ambulatory arterial stiffness index, and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in 677 Chinese enrolled in the JingNing population study (53.6% women; mean age: 47.6 years). Prevalence was 10.9% for isolated nocturnal HT (≥120/70 mm Hg from 10:00 pm to 4:00 am ), 4.9% for isolated daytime HT (≥135/85 mm Hg from 8:00 am to 6:00 pm ), and 38.4% for day-night HT. Patients with isolated nocturnal HT, compared with subjects with ambulatory normotension (45.8%), were older (53.7 versus 40.7 years), more often reported alcohol intake (68.9% versus 51.0%), had faster nighttime pulse rate (62.8 versus 60.7 bpm), had higher serum cholesterol (5.12 versus 4.77 mmol/L), and had higher blood glucose (4.84 versus 4.38 mmol/L). Similar to patients with isolated daytime HT or day-night HT, patients with isolated nocturnal HT had higher indexes of arterial stiffness ( P