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Outcomes of different modifications of top-hat keratoplasty were assessed in 48 patients (48 eyes) with bullous keratopathy. In the 1st group manual top-hat keratoplasty was performed in 7 patients. 30 patients of the 2nd group underwent manual half-top-hat keratoplasty. In the 3rd group femtosecond laser-assisted top-hat keratoplasty was performed in 11 patients. All keratoplasty techniques used in the study provide high rate of clear graft retention. Manual half-top-hat keratoplasty is technically easier compared to manual top-hat keratoplasty though having similar outcomes and does not require the use of any additional equipment. Femtosecond laser-assisted top-hat keratoplasty allows to achieve superior optical results, trephination is performed promptly and with minimal tissue trauma. This new keratoplasty technique is a promising procedure and requires further detailed investigations.

The results of different techniques of automated endothelial keratoplasty (EKP) performed in 72 patients with bullous keratopathy are estimated. Automated EKP with superficial flap was performed in 18 patients (1st group), Descemet stripping automated EKP (DSAEK) - in 26 patients (2nd group), Descemet stripping automated EKP (DSAEK) with thin grafts - in 20 patients (3rd group), Descemet membrane automated EKP with stromal rim (DMAEK) - in 8 patients (4th group). According to our results DSAEK with thin grafts is indicated to elderly patients with severe ocular disease (ocular comorbidities, repeated surgery, advanced keratopathy). DSAEK is a promising surgical technique allowing to achieve the best functional results. Nevertheless this procedure is technically challenging and is good for relatively functionally "preserved" patient groups.

The results of vital confocal microscopy (VCM) of 5 patients with early postoperative bullous keratopathy after cataract phakoemulsification (PE) treated with author's technique of personalized cell therapy (PCT, intracameral injection of activated patient's leukocytes in autologous serum) are presented. In 3 of all presented cases endothelial loss after PE was more than 50%. Before PCT using of VCM was not possible due to corneal edema. After 2-3 PCT sessions corneal clarity recovery was observed and signs of regenerative processes in cornea were captured by VCM: activation of keratocytes (hyperreflective nuclei) and endothelial cells (multinucleated cells), descemet membrane folds smoothening, normalization of epithelium. Results of VCM correlate with biomicroscopic signs of corneal edema resolution, corneal clarity recovery, improvement of visual acuity after PCT.

The characteristics of morphofunctional status of cornea after extracapsular cataract extraction and phakoemulsification with IOL implantation (30 and 58 operations respectively) were analyzed in detail using up-to-date diagnostic techniques. The results of examination using developed algorithm including study of light transmission, refraction and protective function of cornea show advantage of microinvasive ultrasound technique of cataract surgery in terms of minimal impact on corneal structure, optical and biomechanical characteristics.

Recurrent corneal erosion (CE) is a common anterior eye disease, which usually occurs after injury, substantially limits a patient's ability to work, and is intractable. The authors single out an individual form of CE herpetic CE (HCE) on the basis of immunofluorescence assay of a conjunctival scrape, which shows the high concentration of herpes simplex virus antigen in 53% of CE cases. Confocal microscopy revealed epithelocyte polymorphism and basement membrane defects. The treatment of patients with HCE involved 2 steps: 1) relief of acute signs of the disease via drug therapy, rapid local autocyte cinotherapy (RLACCT), or phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) and 2) prevention of recurrences. For this the authors developed a method based on the systemic use of a new composition of the intradermal herpes vaccine Vitaherpavac in combination with the subcutaneous interferon inducer Poludan. RLACCT was found to be the most effective medical treatment for CE and PTK was the most effective surgical one. Vaccination with the concurrent subcutaneous injection of Poludan is an effective method in preventing recurrent HCE. During a follow-up of 2 years or more, 81% of the patients achieved clinical resolution; there was a decrease in recurrence rates and severity in 15.1% and no effect in 3.8%.

Clinical and anatomo-hemodynamic features of adult patients with incomplete form of the open atrioventricular canal are presented, policy of surgical treatment and optimal degree of surgical intervention on mitral valve are determined. The study of variant anatomy of the defect, revealed two variants of left atrioventricular valve formation (with "functional" and with "anatomical" septal commissure). In the first anatomic variant the mitral insufficiency was hemodynamically important and required surgical correction. In the second variant, the mitral valve had good closure function, that permitted to avoid the routine suturing of anterior velum's splitting.

The experiments with AKR mice, that are carriers of the T-cell leukemia virus showed their higher radiosensitivity as compared to (CBA x C57Bl)F1 mice in respect of survival and hemopoietic status. The regular patterns observed are presumed to result from lower ability of AKR mice to repair radiation damage and provide resistance to infections.

The influence of microorganisms on the course of tumor processes in laboratory animals was studied. The study revealed that the inoculation of Bordetella pertussis decreased survival time both in mice with implanted mastocytoma cells P-815 and in Syrian golden hamsters with implanted transformed hamster fibroblastomas. The smallpox vaccine virus was found to stimulate the development of virus-induced Rauscher leukosis in mice. The mechanisms of the co-carcinogenic action of microorganisms is discussed.

Twenty patients were examined before and after orthotopic transplantation of the heart. The significance of x-ray examination of donors to ascertain brain death was demonstrated. The possibility of x-ray examination of recipients is analyzed. X-Ray criteria of prognostically unfavorable signs for cardiologis patients are defined. The x-ray picture before and after transplantation of the heart was studied. Possible complications in the immediate posttransplantation period are analyzed, as are the potentialities of x-ray detection of chronic crisis of transplanted heart rejection.

A comparative study was performed for isoelectric and electrophoretic spectra blood serum albumin of parental breeds of chickens and their heterosis hybrids --broiler cocks. The method of isoelectric focusing within the surcrose density gradient and pH 4-6 created by the gradient of sucrose, mannitol and boron-borate buffer (pH 8.5) concentrations was applied. The electrophoretic spectrum of the serum albumin fraction homogeneous in the agar gel was obtained by electrophoresis in 7% polyacrylamide gel. The isoelectric spectrum of heterosis hybrid albumin is established to be more heterogeneous and during isoelectric focusing it is divided within a range of pH 4.6-5.2 into seven fractions against four-five components of the parent breed albumin. Among them it is possible to distinguish the fraction involving more than 50% of the total protein (the great component) and some small components with different protein content and belonging wither to a more acid or more basic region as compared to pI of the great component. The pI value of the great component for hybrid albumin is shifted towards the acid region (4.76 against 4.85 and 5.07 in albumin of the parent breeds). Small component of hybrid albumin are characterized by an increase in their amount, but pI of the fraction is within the range of values peculiar to albumin of the maternal and paternal lines. The albumin preparations of all the studied chicken breeds isolated from blood serum by electrophoresis in the agar gel manifest multiplicity of the protein bands in a 7% polyacrylamide gel. The electric spectra of hybrid albumin and parent breeds albumin differ in the distribution pattern of the components and their quantitative composition. A relative electrophoretic mobility of the intensively stained dense band which represents the main electrophoretic component is increased in hydrid albumin with the respect to albumin of the maternal line but is identical to the paternal line.

Studies have been made on the molecular weight, solubility, electrophoretic mobility, isoelectric point and N-terminal fragments containing 4 amino acids of the serum albumin in two strains of hens and their hybrids. In all the animals studied, the albumin had Asp as the N-terminal amino acid. Amino acid sequence in the 4-acid fragments was also identical: NH2--Asp--Ala--His--Lys. With respect to all the physico-chemical parameters investigated (except isoelectric point), proteins of the parental strains and of their hybrids did not exhibit significant differences.

Using isoelectrical focusing, studies have been made on native and heat denatured plasma albumin in two breeds of hens and in their hybrid. Analysis of isoelectrical spectra indicates that hybrid albumin is more heterogeneous and exhibits a shift of pJ value for the main component to more acid pH values as compared with the protein of the paternal breed; with respect to these properties, hybrid protein is more close to maternal one. Albumin of the hybrids exhibits higher stability to heat denaturation, being similar in this respect also to the maternal protein.