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Introduction: The aim of this study was, first, to investigate the difference in fetal atrioventricular conduction in patients with and without intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) by measuring the fetal PR interval; second, to evaluate the altering effect of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment on the fetal PR interval in ICP patients. Methods: The study consisted of 42 ICP patients and 48 healthy pregnant women. Fetal echocardiography was performed to measure the mechanical PR interval. The fetal PR interval and the clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups. The effect of UDCA treatment on the fetal PR interval in ICP patients was evaluated. Results: In ICP patients, significantly longer fetal PR intervals were observed than in the control group (123.21 ± 8.54 vs. 115.13 ± 5.95 ms, p < 0.001). In the ICP group, there was a positive correlation between the fetal PR interval and maternal fasting total bile acid (TBA) levels (r = 0.514, p = 0.001). After 1 week of treatment with UDCA in patients with ICP, the PR interval was shorter than before, although the reduction was not statistically significant (120.98 ± 6.70 vs. 123.21 ± 8.54 ms, p = 0.095). In patients with severe ICP (TBA >40 mmol/L, n = 10), a significant reduction in the fetal PR interval was observed after treatment with UDCA (127.5 ms [IQR, 118.0–134.75] before vs. 122 ms [IQR, 109.5–126.5] after, p = 0.037). Conclusion: Fetal PR interval increased in ICP patients in correlation with maternal serum TBA concentration. Treatment with UDCA may have limited positive effects on the fetal AV conduction system. The beneficial effects of UDCA on the fetal PR interval may be more pronounced in patients with higher bile acid levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Our aim in this study was to investigate the prenatal and postnatal prognosis of double outlet right ventricle (DORV) cases diagnosed prenatally by analyzing the outcomes based on the subtype. Methods: This study is a retrospective chart review. Cases diagnosed with fetal DORV by prenatal ultrasound in the maternal–fetal medicine department of our hospital between 2014 and 2022 were included. Data on maternal characteristics, fetal echocardiographic features (type of DORV), pregnancy and neonatal outcomes (termination of pregnancy [TOP], intrauterine fetal death [IUD], neonatal death [NND], death in infancy (IND), survival) were collected and analyzed. Results: Ninety‐nine cases of prenatally diagnosed cases of DORV were included. The prenatal diagnosis was right in 97% of the liveborn fetuses. The cases were classified into subtypes, including transposition of great arteries (TGA), Fallot, ventricular septal defect (VSD), remote, and heterotaxy types. The cohort consisted of 32.3% TGA type, 19.1% fallot type, 11.1% VSD type, 2% remote type, and 35.3% heterotaxy type of DORV. An additional cardiac anomaly was observed in 87% and an extra‐cardiac anomaly was observed in 54% of the cases. When we excluded the cases with heterotaxy type but without any chromosomal abnormality, additional genetic abnormalities were detected in 42% of the remaining cases. Outcome of pregnancy was livebirth in 68/99 (68.7%), IUFD in 5/99 (5.1%), and TOP in 26/99 (26.3%). Postnatal cardiac surgical repair was performed in 48 cases. Survival among livebirths was 39/68 (57.3%). Twenty‐nine neonates or infants who had additional cardiac anomalies and/or genetic abnormalities died before any surgical intervention. The postoperative survival rate was 39/48 (81.2%). Conclusion: The prognosis in DORV depends on the anatomical subtype, the presence, and severity of associated anomalies. Survival increases in isolated cases without any additional structural or genetic anomalies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the anxiety levels of pregnant women who were referred to a tertiary center for fetal echocardiography (FE) and the effect of FE results on maternal anxiety.Methods: This prospective study was conducted between January 2020 and February 2021 and included 118 pregnant women. The anxiety levels of the participants were evaluated with the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, which evaluates state (STAI-I) and trait (STAI-II) anxiety. STAI-I and STAI-II were administered to participants at first admission using a standard interview technique prior to FE. After the FE was completed, a structured interview was performed and the state anxiety index (STAI-I-R) was re-administered to the participants.Results: Severe congenital heart disease (CHD) was detected in 63 (53.4%) fetuses. The participants' mean STAI-I scores were significantly higher than their mean STAI-II scores (44.19 ± 8.56 and 41.98 ± 5.98, respectively, t = 2.59 and p = 0.011). In pregnant women with fetuses with severe CHD, STAI-I-R scores were significantly lower compared to STAI-I scores (43.48 ± 7.97 and 46.28 ± 7.18, respectively, t = 2.13 and p = 0.037).Conclusion: Referral for FE is associated with increased maternal anxiety, and a structured interview may result in reduced anxiety levels even in those with abnormal FE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]