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The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive view on the application of the principle of proportionality in the Commission’s decisions imposing fines in the area of state aids as well as the EU courts exercise of the jurisdiction over these decisions.The primary and secondary sources of law and the case law would be investigated in this article. The author would like to briefly describe the historical background of the application of the principle of proportionality and by analysing the case law follow the evolvement of the application of the principle. The study should bring the answer on question whether the rule of law (in this case principle of proportionality) is safeguarded enough by the courts review of the decisions imposing fines.