Search

Building fires can spread through surface combustion of both combustible and interior finishing materials. Recently, the use of foam blocks as interior materials for high-rise residential buildings has increased. However, as foam blocks are primarily composed of polyethylene, they are not flame-retardant and can readily burn and the fire can spread, leading to large-scale damage. Herein, the fire hazard and diffusion characteristics of foam blocks were compared with those of flame-retardant and general wallpapers to confirm the risk of fire. The fire risk of the foam blocks was confirmed using flammability, cone calorimetry, and spread-of-flame analyses. Based on a comparative analysis of the fire risk of foam blocks, the average total heat release was 11.2 MJ/m. This is approximately three times higher than the average heat release rate of the flame-retardant wallpaper and approximately two times higher than that of the general wallpaper. The foam blocks ignited rapidly owing to fire and generated large amounts of combustion gas and heat. To prevent such a fire, 5 wt% montmorillonite (MMT) was simply coated after surface modification to suppress the occurrence of fire. Various flame-retardant materials, surface modifications, and fire safety systems must be developed to prevent fire hazards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wool and polyester blends are sensitive to heat and pose fire hazards. In this study, the flame retardancy of wool/polyester blended fabric was improved by coating montmorillonite (MMT) and polyquaternium-10 (PQ-10) using the layer-by-layer assembly (LBL) method. This was done to confirm the feasibility of combining eco-friendly materials such as MMT and PQ-10 coatings and to secure the flame retardancy of the wool/polyester blend. The phosphate-buffered solution enhanced the intermolecular forces during pretreatment. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses confirmed the successful deposition of the MMT/PQ-10 combination on the fabric, and the deposition on the fabric surface increased as the number of coating layers increased. The thermogravimetric analysis results showed that the MMT/PQ-10 combination effectively reduced the maximum decomposition temperature, contributing to improved high-temperature thermal stability. Additionally, compared with the untreated fabrics, the coated fabrics exhibited a 38.2% increase in residual substances, and flame-retardant properties enhanced up to 27.3%. As a result of the vertical flame test, the MMT/PQ-10 combination improves the cohesiveness of the fabrics and prevents melt dripping, contributing to the improvement of flame retardancy. [Display omitted] • Eco friendly flame-retardant coating was applied to wool/polyester fabric through Layer-by-Layer process. • The use of phosphate buffer improved interlayer bonding strength. • The combination of MMT/PQ-10 effectively improved the thermal stability of the fabric at high temperatures. • the coated fabrics exhibited a 38.2% increase in residual substances and flame-retardant properties enhanced up to 27.3%. • The melt drop phenomenon was eliminated from the treated fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]