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The abundance of fishery resources significantly impacts the ratio of fishing effort to harvest. However, traditional statistics of fishery catches or commonly used catch per unit effort (CPUE) metrics cannot accurately capture the complexity of resource abundance in the ocean. To address this issue, we propose here a novel approach that integrates the actual fishery catch from vessel logs with fishing duration obtained through automatic identification system (AIS) positioning. This combined analysis eliminates confounding factors and introduces a novel metric called "catch efficiency (CE)" to evaluate fishing operations more accurately, thereby reflecting resource abundance in a more reasonable way. In this study, we focus on the CE of squid in the Oyashio Extension region in the Northwestern Pacific. Our analysis reveals significant temporal and spatial variations of CE, manifesting in both intensity and distribution patterns. Moreover, our findings establish a close relationship between CE and background water mass distribution, chlorophyll‐a concentration, and micronekton biomass. This implies that the resource abundance of squid can be inferred by considering the varying environmental factors within the fishing area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of South China Fisheries Science is the property of South China Fisheries Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of South China Fisheries Science is the property of South China Fisheries Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of South China Fisheries Science is the property of South China Fisheries Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of South China Fisheries Science is the property of South China Fisheries Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Antarctic krill Euphausia superba is a key species in the Southern Ocean ecosystem and has important ecological value. It is also one of the main fishery resources in the Southern Ocean with high economic value. In recent years, with the development of krill fishery and rapid climate change, the conservation and management of krill resources have faced unprecedented challenges. The krill resource is different from the general fishery resources. Due to the krill schooling characteristics, fishery data has some advantages over scientific survey data. Reviewing and analyzing the krill fishery data is necessary. Therefore, in this study, four fishery resource indices (FRIs) were calculated based on Antarctic krill fishery data, and based on the environmental dependence of Antarctic krill, the FRI with the strongest environmental dependence was screened by using the Gradient Forest Model, and the step changes of the FRI with strongest environmental dependence was examined by using the sequential t‐test analyses of regime shifts (STARS). The generalized additive model (GAM) to analyze the correlation between the FRI with the strongest environmental dependence and the main environmental factors, and then explore the resource status of Antarctic krill in the study area. The model results showed that the "FRI_hual" had the strongest environmental dependence and was a better indicator of the status of the Antarctic krill in the study area than the others. In the 2009–2010 year, "FRI_hual" had an obvious regime shift. The interaction of environmental factors "ice_area_2" and "SSH_1" has a great impact on "FRI_hual". Methods used and results obtained in the study can provide new ideas and a scientific reference for future work, including integrated stock assessment of krill and krill resource monitoring, conservation, and management based on the ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Typhoon (hurricane) is the most influential process of ocean–air interaction on the synoptic scale; it has a great influence on the heat exchange, mixing and ecological processes in the upper ocean, which in turn affect sea surface temperature (SST), leading to chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration variation. SST is also an important factor affecting marine fishery resources. Chl-a is closely related to the marine ecosystem and primary productivity. In this study, we analyzed the response of SST and Chl-a to Typhoon Lekima (2019) process. The result indicates that the response of temperature to typhoon decreases from the center to the outer edge, which has a good correlation with the location, path and influence area of the typhoon center. The mean SST in the study area (14°~40° N, 116°~136° E) decreased during the typhoon's passage, from 28.97 °C at the beginning (5 August) to 28.22 °C (15 August). The concentration of Chl-a was high in the northwest and coastal areas; its mean value in the study area decreased from 2 to 8 August (on 2 and 8 August, the concentration was 0.484 mg/m3 and 0.405 mg/m3, respectively). From 8 to 14 August, Chl-a decreased with the increase in SST, and 10 and 14 August were the two peak values of Chl-a (while SST was low). Chl-a concentration increased after the typhoon's landfall (from 15 to 31 August); the Chl-a trend was the same as that of SST. The stronger the typhoon and the longer the residence time, the greater the contribution to the increase in Chl-a concentration at sea surface. Typhoon-induced rainfall over the ocean surface, increased evaporation of seawater, enhanced mixing within the mixed layer and upwelling of the pycnocline resulted in an increase in Chl-a quantity. This study describes the spatial response of the upper ocean to typhoons. It provides a general method for the comprehensive assessment of typhoons in marginal seas and upper open oceans, which has wide applicability and good scientific application prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zooplankton is an important link between primary producers and lower trophic level organisms in the marine food web, and is an important biological basis for the formation of fishing grounds. Based on the Zooplankton samples collected by the fishery resources survey vessel "Songhang" of Shanghai Ocean University during the comprehensive scientific survey of fishery resources in the high seas of the Northwest Pacific Ocean from June to August in 2021 and 2022, the Zooplankton samples were analyzed in terms of their species composition, distributional characteristics, and their relationship with the environment. The results showed that a total of 174 Zooplankton species were collected in the surveyed area over the two years, belonging to 10 groups. Copepoda and planktonic larvae were the most abundant Zooplankton, with 95 and 22 species identified respectively, accounting for 54.6% and 12.6% of the total number of species, followed by ScyphoZoa, with 18 species identified, and Ostracoda, Tunicata, Chaetognatha, Euphausiacea, and Gastropoda with 11, 9, 6, 4 and 3 species respectively. Additionally, two species each of Polychaeta, Amphipoda, and Cladocera were identified. The dominant genes (species) included seven categories: Clausocalanus sp., Oncaea sp., Paracalanus sp., Calocalanus sp., Oithona plumifera, Oithona decipiens and Metridinidae larvae. The species diversity and dominant genes (species) composition were similar in both years. The mean Zooplankton abundance in 2021 was 732.89 ind./m³, lower than that in 2022 (1 418.88 ind./m³). The Shannon-Wiener index in 2021 was 1.57-3.16, the Evenness index was 0.54-0.91, and the abundance index was 0.84-3.36. All three indices were higher than those in 2022, which ranged from 0.66 to 2.92, 0.26 to 0.94, and 0.77 to 3.11, respectively. GAM analyses showed that Zooplankton abundance was significantly and negatively correlated with the sea-surface salinity and the water temperature in the 200 m layer, and the analyses suggested that the Kuroshio current and the Oyashio also had a certain effect on the temporal and spatial distributions of the abundance. The results of this study will provide basic information for the study of Zooplankton in the high seas of the Northwest Pacific Ocean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to develop a multi-objective distant-water fisheries survey scheme that balances survey cost and effectiveness. Based on the survey data from 2021 to 2023 in Northwest Pacific Ocean, the relative abundance distribution of Scomber australasicus, Scomber japonicus, Sardinops melanostictus was simulated using Kriging interpolation, and assume relative resource as their 'true' values. The effectiveness of the Simple random sampling (Design 1), Systematic sampling (Design 2), Stratified random sampling based on stratum area size allocation method (Design 3), and Stratified random sampling based on fishery resource biomass allocation method (Design 4) was assessed through computer simulation. Two indicators, Relative estimation error (REE) and Relative bias (RB) were used to evaluate the accuracy of the assessment effects, and the number of sampling stations was selected using the Accuracy change rate (ACR). The results showed that the estimation accuracy of the four sampling designs were different. In general, Design 4 had the highest accuracy, followed by Design 3, Design 2 and Design 1. The REE values of target species abundance index estimation of Design2 fluctuated with the increasing number of sampling stations. Design 4 exhibited higher accuracy in estimating the abundance index of S. japonicus, S. melanostictus and the total fishery resources. However, Design 4 demonstrated an overestimation in estimating the abundance index of Chub mackerel. Using Design 4 for simulated sampling, and considering all objectives, the optimal number of sampling stations could be set at 28. In conclusion, the Stratified sampling method (Design 4) can be prioritized as the survey station design approach for the Northwest Pacific Ocean fishery resource survey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the analysis on the current situation of marine fishery resources and development in Ningde City, this paper plans a spatial pattern for the integration of marine fishery and tourism of the "one belt, three zones, and multiple points", designs key projects, analyzes the existing problems in the integrated development of fishery and tourism, and proposes relevant countermeasures and suggestions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, fishery resources are becoming increasingly depleted, and a reliable assessment of fishing activity is a key step in protecting marine resources. Correctly identifying the type of fishing operation can help identify illegal fishing vessels, strengthen fishing regulations, and prevent overfishing. Aiming to address these problems, this study first collects and preprocesses fishing vessel AIS data. Improvements are proposed on the basis of the convolutional neural network (CNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), and other models, changing the CNN to dilated CNN and LSTM to independently recurrent neural network (IndRNN). The results of the experiment show that the accuracy, precision, recall, and F-1 score of the model are finally obtained as 93.12%, 93.10%, 93.14%, and 93.10%, respectively. Overall, the new model proposed in this study offers a significant improvement in performance compared to the models of other scholars in the past. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marine fishery resources play a crucial role in ensuring food safety, promoting economic development, and maintaining ecosystem stability. The scientific management and sustainable utilization of offshore marine fishery resources are crucial for promoting harmonious economic and environmental development. To explore the changes in the structure and quality of China's offshore marine fishery resources, this study investigated the relationship between human fishing activities, sea surface temperature (SST) changes, Mean Trophic Level (MTL), and Fishing-in-Balance Index (FIB) of the catch in each of the Chinese offshore fishing zones (Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea) from 1990 to 2020. The study aimed to analyze the impact of human fishing activities and SST changes on the structure and quality of marine fishery resources and the health of fishery ecosystems in offshore China. The results indicated that during the 30 years of the experimental period, human overfishing led to a gradual dominance of low-trophic fish species in the fishery resource structure of the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea as well as East China Sea fishing zones, resulting in a significant decrease in the quality of fishery resources, but with little impact on the South China Sea. In terms of climate change impact, the rapid SST warming in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea fishing zone from May to June inhibited the growth of high-trophic-level fish, and also exacerbated the trend of declining fishery resource quality and structural changes towards low-trophic-level fish. The autumn warming trend in the East China Sea fishing zone had a certain contribution to its quality decline and structural changes towards low-trophic- level fish, but in the South China Sea, the overall SST increase had negligible impacts. Human fishing activities had a minimal impact on the health of China's offshore fishery ecosystem, mainly due to the balance effect of increased catch. SST changes had a relatively small impact on the health of the fishing ecosystem in the Bohai, Yellow, and East China Seas. However, in the South China Sea, the SST warming in autumn was beneficial for the healthy development of its fishing ecosystem. Based on the research results, this study proposes relevant suggestions to improve the structure and quality of fishery resources in various fishing zones, enhance the health of fishery ecosystems, and provide management reference for the sustainable utilization of marine fishery resources in China's offshore fishing zones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The poaching of marine resources has been defined as the conscious breaking of fishery regulations, a situation that occurs at severe levels and high frequencies in many socio-ecological contexts around the world. A classification of poachers is fundamental to defining the actors and the scale of poaching. However, proper classification of poachers has yet to be designated, hindering the development of management approaches that seek to recognize and reduce poaching. This paper provides a theoretical typology of four general types of poachers that can be applied in different contexts of fisheries resource appropriation. This classification may help outline better compliance and enforcement strategies, including the active involvement of fisheries users and the consequent improvement of the legitimacy of fishing regulations. Additionally, we recommend measures to assist in the fight against poaching associated with each of the four types of poachers proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the global demand for renewable energy continues to increase, marine renewable energy has attracted much attention as a potential source of clean energy. As a country with rich marine resources, Portugal's marine environment is of great significance to the development of marine energy. However, the current impact assessment of marine renewable energy projects has shortcomings such as incomplete understanding of ecosystems, incomplete consideration of fishery resources and socioeconomic impacts, lack of accuracy, and failure to consider geographical differences, thus lacking comprehensiveness and accuracy. To this end, we propose the ACO-TCN- Attention model to address these shortcomings in current impact assessments of marine renewable energy projects. The goal of this model is to provide a more comprehensive, precise and nuanced analysis to better understand the impacts of these projects on ecosystems, socio-economics and local communities. "ACO-TCN-Attention" is a model architecture that combines multiple machine learning and deep learning concepts. It includes three main parts: Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) and Attention mechanism. The ant colony optimization model simulates the behavior of ants and is used to optimize the operating strategies of marine renewable energy projects. Temporal Convolutional Network specializes in processing time series data and improves the prediction accuracy of the model. The attention mechanism allows the model to dynamically focus on the pieces of information that are most important for the current task. Extensive experimental evaluation shows that our method performs well on multiple datasets, significantly outperforming other models. This research is of great significance as it provides new methods and tools for improving the environmental impact assessment of marine renewable energy projects. By understanding the potential impacts of projects more accurately, we can better balance the relationship between the development of renewable energy and environmental protection, supporting the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. This research also provides useful guidance and reference for future research and practice in the field of marine energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fisheries sector is a sector which supports Indonesia’s development, because the waters in Indonesia are wider than the land. Central Java is a region that has a long coastline stretching along the north coast and the south coast of Java. This supports the development of fisheries potential in Indonesia. Research on the blue economy theme for the fisheries sector is being promoted. The method used is an analysis of economic aspects in Central Java, especially people engaged in fisheries (GRDP and income per capita), potential fisheries resources, human resource potential (number of fish fishermen and cultivators), fisheries households, as well as aspects of production and value fisheries production. The results of this research can provide an overview of the potential of fisheries in Central Java to facilitate their management. The research results show that GRDP in the fields of fisheries, forestry, and agriculture during the 2018-2022 period was 3.23%-7.33%; the highest per capita expenditure in the food sector is used to purchase food, and non-food cost is for housing and household facilities. The highest fish resource potential is a small pelagic fish. The most increased fisheries production in 2022 in the Central Java region will be in Rembang and Pati Regencies which have coastlines and are coastal areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many years after the publication of Beverton and Holt's on the Dynamics of Exploited Fish Populations in 1957, many of the problems that they highlighted remain unsolved. For example, accurately estimating critical biological and fishing processes such as growth, natural mortality, recruitment, and selectivity continues to be challenging. Despite the lack of progress in some areas, there have been advances in our understanding of other areas of fisheries modelling and analysis, including the development of integrative studies of marine resources for the application of an ecosystem-based fisheries management. In this context, ICES Journal of Marine Science solicited contributions to the themed article set (TS) " Advances and challenges in the modelling and assessment of fishery resources ". Here, we summarize the contributions included in this TS that provide examples of emerging tools that are able to account for different issues of a stocks' assessments and integrated analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marine net primary productivity (NPP) plays an important role in regulating marine ecosystem processes, determining marine carbon sinks and maintaining marine productivity. Analyzing the characteristics and mechanisms of the interaction between overexploitation of fishery resources and the transformation of marine NPP is essential to balance marine ecosystem health and fishing activities. This study spatially overlaps the abrupt shifts of human-induced marine net primary productivity detected by breaks for additive season and trend (BFAST) algorithm with fishing activities and investigates the impact of human activities on the marine ecosystem. The results show that 47.60% of the marine areas in China's exclusive economic zone (EEZ) had detected human-induced NPP turning points (TPs), with 43.65% of the TPs showing a negative reversal (NR) trend. The NR trend occurs in areas with high fishing intensity. High-intensity fishing activities and vulnerability to productivity and NPP TPs in the Bohai and Yellow Sea areas in China's EEZ exacerbate spatial disparity in fishing effort and product availability. By detecting the abrupt shifts and change characteristics of marine NPP, and spatial disparity overlapping with fishing activities, this study provides some area-based sustainable solutions to support ecosystem-based fisheries management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Maine Department of Marine Resources (MEDMR) is a state agency tasked with developing, conserving, researching, and promoting commercial and recreational marine fisheries across Maine's vast coastline. Close collaborations with industry members in each of the 30 or more fisheries that support Maine's coastal economy are central to MEDMR's efforts to address this suite of tasks. Here we reflect on recent decades of MEDMR's work and demonstrate how MEDMR fisheries research programmes are preparing for an uncertain future through the lens of three broadly applicable climate-driven challenges: (1) a rapidly changing marine ecosystem; (2) recommendations driven by state and federal climate initiatives; and (3) the need to share institutional knowledge with a new generation of marine resource scientists. We do this by highlighting our scientific and co-management approach to coastal Maine fisheries that have prospered, declined, or followed a unique trend over the last 25+ years. We use these examples to illustrate our lessons learned when studying a diverse array of fisheries, highlight the importance of collaborations with academia and the commercial fishing industry, and share our recommendations to marine resource scientists for addressing the climate-driven challenges that motivated this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of South China Fisheries Science is the property of South China Fisheries Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There are difficulties for the efficient management of the ocean and the sustainable use of ocean resources, especially fishery resources. This leads to loss of biological diversity and destruction of ecosystems. In the last decade, digital technology has developed tools to improve the use of natural resources and environmental management. This research seeks to demonstrate the need to regulate digital tools in international and national regulatory frameworks to improve the management of fishery resources. To this end, I will review successful experiences in the implementation and use of technologies, as well as literature on the subject. To demonstrate that digital tools are instruments that can improve this management, being necessary their regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of modern tropical marine ranching is an important means to conserve fishery resources and protect the marine ecological environment in the South China Sea, which has far-reaching significance for the conservation and scientific utilization of fishery resources in the South China Sea. Artificial reefs are one of the important tools to create marine ranching habitats. However,due to the deep water in the South China Sea,conventional reefs are difficult to play a role,whereas floating reefs can make use of the water space in the middle and upper layers,and are the best facilities to create deep water fishing grounds. This study reviews the types,functions,and application scenarios of floating fish reefs,summarizes relevant research and current status both domestically and internationally,and looks forward to the future of floating fish reefs in the South China Sea,including their role in information-based monitoring of ocean ranching,recreational fishing, conservation of upper-middle level fishery resources,and the construction of offshore ocean ranching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate fishing activity detection from the trajectories of fishing vessels can not only achieve high-precision fishery management but also ensure the reasonable and sustainable development of marine fishery resources. This paper proposes a new method to detect fishing vessels' fishing activities based on the defined local dynamic parameters and global statistical characteristics of vessel trajectories. On a local scale, the stop points and points of interest (POIs) in the vessel trajectory are extracted. Voyage extraction can then be conducted on this basis. After that, multiple characteristics based on motion and morphology on a global scale are defined to construct a logistic regression model for fishing behavior detection. To verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the method, vessel trajectory data, and fishing log data collected from Chinese ocean squid fishing vessels in Argentine waters in 2020 are integrated for fishing operation detection. Multiple evaluation metrics show that the proposed method can provide robust and accurate recognition results. Moreover, further analysis of the temporal and spatial distribution and seasonal changes in squid fishing activities in Argentine waters has been performed. A more refined assessment of the fishing activities of individual fishing vessels can also be provided quantitatively. All the results above can benefit the regulation of fishing activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Typhoons disturb the upper ocean, weaken the physical stratification, and induce temporal and spatial changes in primary production, which rapidly alter the distribution and diversity of fishery resources. This study analyzed the response of oceanic conditions and fishery resources on the sea area of the typhoon pathway in the East/Japan Sea (Type A: typhoon passed from southwest to northeast; Type B: typhoon dissipated in the southwest; Type C: typhoon passed from southeast to northeast; and Type D: typhoons passed from southwest to northwest). For Types A and B, the sea surface temperature (SST) decreased in all areas, and Chl-a showed the largest fluctuations in the southwest. For Type C, the SST variation was reduced in the eastern part, stratification was strengthened, and Chl-a did not differ significantly in each area. For Type D, SST and Chl-a showed significant variations in the western part. The biomass of fishery resources increased along the typhoon path for each type, and the diversity increased for Types A and D but decreased for Type B; however, the diversity and catch of fishery resources increased in the northeast for Type C. This study contributes to understanding the impact of typhoon pathway changes on the marine environment and ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of South China Fisheries Science is the property of South China Fisheries Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Both the nation with rich marine fishery resources and the nation importing marine fishery resources are increasingly attending to the sustainable growth of marine biodiversity and the balanced governance of fisheries. Nevertheless, Chinese marine fisheries have achieved progressively sustainable development from a legal perspective. Initially, the present paper outlines the legal relationship between sustainable development theory and marine fisheries, discusses the current circumstances of Chinese marine fisheries, and reviews Chinese legal regimens governing marine fisheries. Given this context, the paper explores and analyzes the legal issues (legislation, law enforcement, and administrative management) concerning the sustainable development of Chinese marine fisheries. These significant matters are then discussed to advance a potential approach to enhancing the legal systems governing Chinese marine fisheries and ameliorating the sustainable development of such fisheries. The results will serve as a reference to help lawmakers, decision-makers, and practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable utilization evaluation is the basis for ensuring the sustainable exploitation of fisheries' resources. This paper explores the changes in the mean trophic level of African marine fish catches during a 70-year period based on the statistical data on marine fisheries' catches in Africa from 1950–2019, provided by the FAO in, order to determine the sustainable utilization of Africa's fishery resources. The results indicate that although the marine fishery resources of African coastal countries have great variability, their exploitation has roughly gone through the stages of under-exploitation, rapid exploitation, and over-exploitation. Currently, marine fisheries in North and Central Africa are characterized by sustainable exploitation, while East, West, and Southern Africa are in a state of overfishing. The study implicates that African countries should establish a real-time monitoring system for marine fishery resources as soon as possible in order to dynamically grasp the actual changes in fish community structure due to fishing activities, ensure transparency in management and decision making, enact marine regulations to restrict massive fishing by overseas fleets, issue fisheries licenses cautiously, adopt conservative resource conservation policies, and enforce actions to achieve sustainable fisheries development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecological niche models (ENMs) and species distribution models (SDMs) have been widely applied to various studies relevant to biogeography, conservation biology, and ecology. These modelling techniques seek to develop spatial maps for projecting, among others past, current, and future species distributions. Born in the field of terrestrial ecology, only in recent years have these models been applied to marine environmental issues, especially to improve the forecasting of the distribution of occurrences and capturing of fishery resources. This study aimed to present through bibliometric analysis the characteristics of articles related to the use of ENMs and SDMs in marine fishery resources considering three main points: (1) state of the art: number of articles over the years, journals, countries, collaborations, and focus of research; (2) characteristics linked to fishery resources: marine biogeographic realms, taxonomic groups, life phases, oceanographic zones, and behaviours; (3) characteristics linked to methods: type of method, type of biological and, environmental data. We provide a list of 378 articles (derived from 930 screened ones), the results, and a discussion of our findings, which represent a baseline for the current status (strengths, limits, and gaps) of the interface between ENMs/SDMs and fishery resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to elucidate the environmental changes signified by biogenic components, assess fluctuations in upwelling over the past century, and evaluate the potential risks associated with variations in coastal upwelling intensity on the degradation of fisheries within the Zhoushan Fishing Ground. High-resolution sediment records were established to reveal long-term variations in Zhoushan coastal upwelling. Results showed a significant reduction in nutrient components between 1900s and 1950s, suggesting a decline in upwelling strength. Since the 1960s, lightened δ15N and the incline of nutrients suggests an increase in anthropogenic nutrients influx, and increased OP and CUI SST (SST-based coastal upwelling index) indicates strengthening of upwelling during the 1950s to 1980s. A positive correlation between organic phosphorus (OP) and δ13C has been observed since the 1960s, implying that P is a limiting nutrient due to increasing anthropogenic N influx, and the change in CUI SST coincides well with our OP records. OP is a potential indicator of upwelling strength because upwelling contributes to over 90 % of the P on the East China Sea shelf. A prominent decline in the nutrient composition occurred from the 1980s to 2010s, despite substantially increased anthropogenic nutrients influx and eutrophication in adjoining Changjiang delta regions in the past decades. Weakening upwelling and the consequent decreasing nutrients influx has presumably hindered recovery and thus contributed to the degradation of fishery resources in recent decades. [Display omitted] • Nutrient and organic carbon changes have occurred on the Zhoushan coast since 1900. • The correspondence between OP and δ13C suggestsP limitation since 1960s. • Changes in OP and the SST-based coastal upwelling index indicating correspond. • OP is determined as an indicator of upwelling. • Weakening upwelling has hindered the recovery of fishery resources since the 1980s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Yellow Sea Warm Current (YSWC) constitutes a significant hydrological feature in the Yellow Sea, particularly prominent during winter, facilitating the transport of warm, saline waters and warm-water species from the open sea to the Bohai and Yellow Seas. The YSWC induces alterations in the community structure and function of zooplankton. However, the effects of the YSWC on the functional trait compositions and functional groups of zooplankton remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the influence of the YSWC on the community structure, functional trait composition, and functional groups of zooplankton during winter of 2016. The YSWC significantly impacted the zooplankton assemblage in the central Yellow Sea (CYSA), resulting in notable distinctions from the Shandong coastal assemblage (SCA) and Jiangsu coastal assemblage (JCA). Compared to the SCA and JCA (comprising 45 and 34 taxa, with abundances of 119.4 ± 114.6 ind·m−3 and 82.8 ± 62.1 ind·m−3, respectively), the CYSA exhibited higher species richness and abundance (with 51 taxa and 144.4 ± 103.4 ind·m−3, respectively). This study documented a total of 11 warm-water species, showing a decreasing trend in both species richness and abundance from south to north. The CYSA was characterized by the predominance of medium‒sized, current‒feeding, omnivorous‒herbivorous broadcast spawners, whereas the SCA and the JCA were predominantly dominated by giant‒sized, ambush‒feeding carnivores. The Qingdao-Shidao anticyclonic eddy in the southern of Shandong Province led to a significant increase in the abundance of zooplankton, potentially impacting Yellow Sea fishery resource. This research contributed to a deeper understanding of how YSWC influence the zooplankton community and offered fresh insights into the effects of YSWC on zooplankton function traits and functional groups. • The Yellow Sea Warm Current characterized by interannual variations was strong during the winter of 2016. • The distribution of warm-water species indicated the intensity and range of the Yellow Sea Warm Current. • Current‒feeding omnivore–herbivore zooplankton increased significantly in the region affected by the Yellow Sea Warm Current. • The increased zooplankton abundance caused by the Qingdao-Shidao anticyclonic eddy may promote the Yellow Sea fishery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) is common in most types of ecosystems that are characterized by common property practices. However, the emergence and spread of CBNRM has varied across geographies and contexts. This study explores factors that have enabled the modern emergence, persistence, and spread of marine CBNRM in four coastal districts in Tanzania. It also investigates how CBNRM—particularly local ownership and management of marine resources —is implemented and developed. It draws on a document review of the grey and scientific literature, and in-depth qualitative field work carried out in four coastal districts on mainland Tanzania. The field work involved 15 key informant interviews, 12 focus groups discussion, and participant observation, documenting the perceptions of resource users. The findings indicate that marine CBNRM – operationalized largely through local organizations called Beach Management Units (BMUs) – have strong support from local communities, but emerged, persist, and scaled largely through government and donor led initiatives. The local communities' strong desire to safeguard fisheries resources and reduce overexploitation, caused by illegal harvesting practices, promoted the quick expansion of BMUs, which in turn ensured the continuation of CBNRM. The positive experience and lessons learned from BMUs established early in the process encouraged the spread and ultimately scaling out of CBNRM. Expanding and sustaining marine CBNRM beyond its current form, which relies heavily on external support, will require innovative approaches that foster collective action, identify sustainable financing mechanisms, provide clarity in roles and responsibilities, and identify cost-effective and scalable CBNRM approaches. • The modern development of marine and aquatic CBNRM in Tanzania began after the 1990s • Reformulation of government policy and donor influence contributed to the emergence of marine CBNRM • While CBNRM process were largely driven from the top-down, there is support for CBNRM from local community members • Marine CBNRM may not be sustainable without external support • Cost-effective approaches, sustainable financing, and long-term community mobilization will help sustain and scale CBNRM in Tanzania [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: The common sole is one of the most important commercial fish species landed in Europe. In this study, we analysed the trophic ecology of this species at the seasonal scale, coupled with data on its condition (by hepatosomatic and gonadosomatic indices). We observed significant seasonal changes in diet, clearly linked to the reproductive cycle only for females. Both the analysis based on stomach contents and on stable isotopes highlighted a greater contribution of prey of high energetic content before the spawning period, notwithstanding the opportunistic behaviour of this benthophagous species. The common sole, Solea solea, is one the most important commercial species in Europe and, within the Mediterranean, the Adriatic basin is the most crucial area for its production. Although the species is overexploited in the basin, data on its trophic ecology are fragmentary, even though this is one of the most important features within the Ecosystem Approach to Fishery. Here, we analysed temporal variations in the feeding ecology of the species by using an integrated approach of stomach contents and stable isotope analyses coupled with the analysis of some condition indices such as the gonadosomatic and the hepatosomatic indices. Changes in diet and trophic level across the years in adult females were clearly linked to the different energetic requirements facing reproduction. Temporal changes throughout the year were mainly related to changes in food availability. This study confirms the opportunistic behaviour of this benthophagous species and its role as a mesopredator, opening new perspectives for further investigations on the effects of the overexploitation of this important fishery resource on the marine trophic web. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the country with the world's largest fishing capacity, China suffers from the depletion of living marine resources, mainly caused by overexploitation, the effects of which also distinctly influence global sustainable utilization of marine resources and maritime order. The country has implemented a series of measures to control its national fishing capacity, notably since the late 1980s, and strongly expressed its responsibility and commitment to sustainable resource utilization in the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016–2020). This study quantitatively assesses the effect of China's fishing capacity management efforts by examining changes in the fishing capacity of marine capture fisheries by region from 1979 to 2019 in Chinese waters, based on window data envelopment analysis (DEA), and further proposes directions for policy adjustment. The results suggest that China's coastal and offshore fisheries are still subject to overcapacity of approximately 20%, despite major corrective efforts invested in past decades. This implies that China needs to further improve its fishing capacity management and set clear objectives, as determined by the availability of resources and regional features. Global fisheries management's focus is shifting from input to output control, but overcapacity still threatens the sustainable use of fisheries resources in China and poses obstacles to other systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Lakshadweep Islands are well-known for their abundant fishery resources. Present study primarily focused on the systematic representation of IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Red Listed marine finfish landings of Chetlat Island of Lakshadweep archipelago (India). Monthly collections were carried out from September 2019 to February 2020 from the study area. A list of finfishes along with their scientific name, common name, family, and present conservation status was prepared. As per the IUCN Red List, out of 41 fish species identified, one species is ‘Endangered’ (EN), two species are ‘Near Threatened’ (NT), four species are ‘Vulnerable’ (VU), one species ‘Data Deficient’ (DD), 29 species ‘Least Concern’ (LC), and four species are ‘Not Evaluated’ (NE) categories. Information on the conservation status of fishes plays a significant role in fisheries science since it forms the basis for managing marine fishery resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Covid-19 pandemic has impacted numerous sectors of the economy and society, including the authorities sector. In the government sector, the Covid-19 pandemic has led to changes in the system and work pattern of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) in carrying out government duties and services to the community. The ASN must offer first-class service to the community, optimally and with integrity. The Directorate General of Surveillance for Marine and Fisheries Resources at the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries is a state organizer of public services and it has kept improving its public services during the Covid-19 pandemic. An innovation was implemented to improve the monitoring capability of fishing vessels through the SALMON application. Access to fishing vessel monitoring data, which could previously only been done through the website, has developed through the use of Android-based smartphone technology and the addition of call center services. Improving the ability of SALMON during the Covid 19 pandemic has further streamlined technology-based licensing which aims to simplify bureaucratic pathways, streamline government licensing and surveillance of fishing vessels, and create an atmosphere of 'ease of effort' for the Indonesian fishing industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To strengthen the statistics and information capacity of the Regional Commission for Fisheries (RECOFI) through its Working Group on Fisheries Management (WGFM) body and the knowledge base that underlies RECOFI fishery management decisions, a series of three online workshops were held in English with Arabic translations during the summer 2021: Minimum Data Reporting Regional Database, RECOFI-FIRMS Data call -- Updating stocks and fisheries inventories and Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Indicator 14.4.1: proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels. The second workshop focused on the update of the RECOFI--FIRMS national inventories on fisheries and the development of the RECOFI inventory on marine resources based on its priority species. Recommendations from the workshop included: i) the nomination of a National Focal Points (NFPs) for Minimum Data Reporting (MDR) and for the Fisheries and Resources Monitoring System (FIRMS), who would closely collaborate; ii) an increased collaboration with the FIRMS Secretariat towards the compilation and publishing of up-to-date marine resource and fisheries inventories and fact sheets; and iii) the utilization of the RECOFI--FIRMS inventories and templates for any submission of national stock information to the WGFM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecopath model is a snapshot of a particular ecosystem at a time to quickly reflect the real‐time status, characteristics and nutritional relationships of remaining systems in the water. Based on Aoshan Bay fishery resource data collected in 2006, 2013 and 2018, Ecopath models of the Aoshan Bay ecosystem were constructed for these 3 years using EwE 6.6 software. The models of the Aoshan Bay ecosystem included 15 functional groups. Based on the 3 models, we compared and analysed changes in ecosystem structure and phylogenetic characteristics. The trophic interactions between the 15 functional groups were aggregated within four effective trophic levels at 2006, 2013 and 2018. Most of the functional groups were laid within the trophic levels TL 2 and TL 3. The average trophic levels in 2006, 2013 and 2018 were 2.318, 2.444 and 2.410, respectively. The calculated ecotrophic efficiency (EE) value for this ecosystem was highest for Zooplankton (EE = 0.898, 2006), Nibea albiflora (EE = 0.857, 2013) and other demersal fishes (EE = 0.963, 2018). In this study, the calculated TPP/TR was 4.572 (2006), 4.484(2013), 5.347(2018), which indicates the ecosystem is in a developmental stage (not fully mature), the highest mature ecosystem is 2013 and gradually decrease in 2018. In 2013, the FCI is 4.814 and higher ecosystem's maturity than 2006 and 2018, indicating high utilization of primary productivity and detritus. Through analysis of Ecopath models for different years, the characteristics of ecosystem changes in the Aoshan Bay over the past decade were revealed, indicating that the Aoshan Bay ecosystem is still in an unstable and immature state, which provides scientific reference materials for the restoration of fishery resources in this sea area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Aegean Sea features an important archipelago in the Eastern Mediterranean, consisting of 60 inhabited islands, more than 1400 uninhabited islands, about 60-70 commercial marine taxa, along many vulnerable species. Fisheries are mainly coastal and are exploited by Greek and Turkish fishers. The multi-species and multi-gear fisheries operate within each country's 6-nautical mile territorial sea and in the international waters of the Aegean Sea. As the fisheries resources are currently declining in this region, it is clear that current management initiatives are ineffective and would benefit from a new regime aiming to improve the state of the commercial marine resources. This study offers a comparative analysis of certain fishing gear technical measures applied by Greece and Turkey in the Aegean Sea. Identified differences can provide clear and helpful insights for decision-makers for the development of a new and productive management approach in Aegean waters. The fishery regulations were shown to be highly variable, sharing few similarities and stressing many more differences, thus rendering the current management of the shared fish stocks unsustainable. The resources of both states would greatly benefit from the harmonization of management measures focusing on an ecosystem approach to fisheries, and incorporating fishers as stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

R. esculentum is a popular seafood in Asian countries and an economic marine fishery resource in China. However, the genetic linkage map and growth-related molecular markers are still lacking, hindering marker assisted selection (MAS) for genetic improvement of R. esculentum. Therefore, we firstly used 2b-restriction site-associated DNA (2b-RAD) method to sequence 152 R. esculentum specimens and obtained 9100 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. A 1456.34 cM linkage map was constructed using 2508 SNP markers with an average interval of 0.58 cM. Then, six quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for umbrella diameter and body weight were detected by QTL analysis based on the new linkage map. The six QTLs are located on four linkage groups (LGs), LG4, LG13, LG14 and LG15, explaining 9.4% to 13.4% of the phenotypic variation. Finally, 27 candidate genes in QTLs regions of LG 14 and 15 were found associated with growth and one gene named RE13670 (sushi, von Willebrand factor type A, EGF and pentraxin domain-containing protein 1-like) may play an important role in controlling the growth of R. esculentum. This study provides valuable information for investigating the growth mechanism and MAS breeding in R. esculentum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Impact of global warming on marine ecosystems described via mathematical modeling. • Model formulation, Analysis, Simulations, and Case study approach in detail. • Global warming is rapidly damaging marine plankton along with fishery resources. • Marine plankton can enrich fishery resources by reducing global warming. • The future of marine ecosystems as a result of rapid global warming. A mathematical model with time-varying parameters is newly proposed to describe the potential effects of rapid global warming on marine ecosystems. The time-varying parameters are assumed to vary in time, for example, environmental factors or a change in marine organisms. The existence of the proposed model is verified, as well as the stability of each equilibrium point is investigated. Beside, simulations, as well as a case study, are also carried out to justify the findings of this study comparing with others. It is found that global warming, because of the rapid concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs), is leading marine ecosystems to an imbalanced situation by reducing significantly the marine plankton and fishery resources. Moreover, it is shown that if the density of marine plankton or its ability to absorb carbon dioxide (CO 2) can be increased, it can improve marine fishery resources by reducing global warming. Beside, this study could explain how marine ecosystems may change in the future as a result of rapid global warming. This study predicts that if the present situation of rapid global warming continues for the next 50 years unabated, it can damage marine ecosystems especially fishery resources in the long run. Overall, this study establishes a mathematical relationship between the environment and marine ecosystems that could contribute to environmental and fisheries management. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The North Pacific of Costa Rica is a diverse and productive region; however, we have a poor understanding of the status of marine resources and fisheries dynamics, particularly for the artisanal fishery in the Gulf of Santa Elena, one of the main fishing grounds of the area. Objective: To characterize the dynamics of this fishery. Methods: We analyzed data collected by the Instituto Costarricense de Pesca y Acuicultura, and sales invoices from landing sites for the period 2010-2019. Results: There was high variation in the landed biomass, however, total catch per unit effort (CPUE; kg/day) and of the main targeted species did not decrease significantly. Overall, there was a lower CPUE in upwelling months (December-April). For the 42 commercial species reported, most biomass was from the spotted rose snapper (Lutjanus guttatus; 22 % of biomass), the Pacific red snapper (L. peru; 18 %), groupers (Epinephelus spp.; 15 %) and octopuses (Octopus spp., 13 %). Conclusions: CPUE at Santa Elena has not declined significantly from 2010 to 2019, but it falls in the upwelling season. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental pollution is a worldwide problem and heavy metals (HM) constitute one of the most important challenges. Due to industrialization and urbanization, Black Sea is considered as one of the most polluted seas in the world. The aim of the current study is to provide a state-of-the-art review related to the evaluation of potentially toxic elements in fishery resources from Black Sea. As a result, various data sources were revised and the appropriate information was centralized in order to acquire a clear sight on concentrations dynamics and accumulation tendency of the most hazardous HM and metalloids, as it follows: Ni, Cd, Zn, Hg, Fe, As, Cr and Pb. Accordingly, the aforementioned multitude of chemical pollutants bio-accumulates in fishery resources and are being a particular concern in relation to their harmful effects on human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antarctic krill mainly inhabit the Antarctic Ocean, not far from Antarctica, especially the Weddell Sea, where krill is dense. Marine fisheries have reached new levels, but the topic of sustainable use of marine fishery resources is far from reaching the required levels. In order to study the sustainable development of the Antarctic krill environment, this paper studies the living environment and applicability of Antarctic krill based on system dynamics, and provides some references for the sustainable development of marine resources. Mentioned the use of case analysis method, literature analysis method and other methods to collect data, build a Model, and read and analyse a large number of related literatures through the literature survey method. The experimental results proved that the salinity has a significant effect on the survival rate of Antarctic krill (p < 0.05). When the salinity is 34, the molting frequency reaches its maximum value, which is 70 %. It is concluded that the ability of Antarctic krill to adapt to gradual changes in salinity is stronger than that of sudden changes in salinity, and the suitable salinity for survival is 30-42. With 34 as the basic salinity, when the salinity rises within a certain range, the molting rate of krill will increase, and as the salinity decreases, the molting rate will gradually decrease. This shows that improving the environmental resources of Antarctic krill is an effective method for improving salinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marine fisheries in African waters contribute substantially to food security and local economies in African coastal nations. Recently, there are growing concerns about the sustainability of living marine resources in these countries' exclusive economic zones (EEZs) due to increased risks from climate change, pollution and potential over‐exploitation of fisheries resources by non‐African (foreign) countries. To effectively manage fishing activities and sustain marine resources in African waters, we need useful tools for characterizing the fishing activities in African waters. Here, we assess the utility of the Automatic Identification System (AIS) derived data for describing the spatial characteristics of African and foreign industrial fishing activities within the EEZs of African coastal nations. The results show that the AIS‐derived spatial pattern of industrial fishing activities in African waters is consistent with that of industrial catches derived from the Sea Around Us database. Across African EEZs, the spatial correlations between primary productivity and fishing effort highly vary by gear types, which emphasizes the importance of investigating specific fishing strategies when studying the effects of bottom‐up drivers on fishing effort. We find an EEZ‐specific spatial pattern for fishing efforts across African waters and identify some socioeconomic, political and geographic factors that likely affect the decision of fleets to fish in specific African EEZs. We conclude that AIS‐derived fishing data can be a useful complementary tool for characterizing the spatial pattern of industrial fishing efforts in African waters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The researchers looked at how well academics, students, and non-teaching staff at the University of Eastern Philippines System were aware of disaster risk reduction. Education, agriculture, health, fisheries, and marine resources were all used to measure awareness. The research also revealed a link between awareness and a number of personal characteristics, as well as a substantial variation in awareness amongst student groups. The study used a 30-item Likert type instrument to assess disaster risk reduction awareness and used a descriptive-correlational research approach. Percentages, means, multiple regression analysis, and analysis of variance were used to examine the data. The study's findings revealed that faculty members were well-versed in disaster risk reduction in education, agriculture, and health, as well as disaster risk reduction in fisheries and marine resources, infrastructure, and the environment and natural resources. The students were well-informed on disaster risk reduction in the areas of education, agriculture, and health, as well as disaster risk reduction in the areas of fisheries and marine resources, infrastructure, and the environment and natural resources. The six components of the degree of awareness were known to the non-teaching employees. Exposure to newspapers and television was shown to be substantially associated to the level of disaster risk reduction knowledge among faculty and non-teaching personnel. Students' newspaper exposure and year levels were shown to be substantially connected to their degree of disaster risk reduction knowledge. There is a considerable variation in disaster risk reduction awareness across the three categories of respondents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores how the legal obligation that management measures for straddling stocks in the high seas and for areas under national jurisdiction must be 'compatible' is interpreted within the forum of Regional Fisheries Management Organisations, by considering the example of the ongoing conflict over allocation of jack mackerel (Trachurus murphyi) managed by the South Pacific Regional Fisheries Management Organisation (SPRFMO). To do so, the paper presents the innovative framework through which to realise compatibility set forth by the treaty instituting SPRFMO, the Convention on the Conservation and Management of High Seas Fishery Resources in the South Pacific Ocean, together with the practice implementing these provisions as seen in the annual SPRFMO jack mackerel management measure. This measure has evolved as coastal States Chile and Ecuador have consented over time to apply the measure in the areas under their national jurisdiction, and as it has been used to urge coastal State Peru to ensure measures under its area of jurisdiction are compatible with those in the SPRFMO measure. Methodologically, the paper draws from a mix of doctrinal analysis of international treaties alongside document analysis of SPRFMO Commission meeting reports, management measures, and reports of the SPRFMO Review Panel, enriched through interviews with persons with experience of the workings of SPRFMO. Ultimately, the paper grapples with the challenges in interpreting and applying the legal obligation of compatibility within the political context of allocation decisions by a Regional Fisheries Management Organisation such as SPRFMO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

If the Indonesian Government continues to provide harmful subsidies to its fishing industry, then the occurrence of overfishing, which leads to the overfished and destruction of marine ecosystems, is an inevitable consequence. Thus, eliminating fishery subsidies that exert detrimental effects on aquatic life is imperative for the government. Unfortunately, Indonesia frequently implements social protection in the form of a subsidy policy to support fishing activities, particularly those undertaken by small-scale fisheries. Upholding and preserving the sustainability of marine fishery resources is incumbent upon the government by implementing marine protection policies. Therefore, the policy to protect marine fishery resources and fishery subsidies needs to be convergent. The study aims to analyse how Indonesia formulates a transversal policy and a coherence strategy between the protection of marine fishery resources and subsidies to support fisheries. The methodology involves a descriptive and analytical legal examination that identifies two policies and elaborates efforts to protect marine fishery resources and support fishermen in achieving better lives. The objective is to determine the interdependent functions of the protection of marine fishery resources and subsidy policies to address overfishing in Indonesia. • Government often to provide harmful subsidies to its fishing industry. • The harmful fisheries subsidies leads to fishing or fleet overcapacity and depletion of marine fishery resources. • Upholding and preserving the sustainability of marine fishery resources are incumbent upon the government. • The legislative framework for protecting marine fishery resources can be linked to a fisheries subsidy policies. • The formulation of a transversal policy between the protection of marine fishery resources and subsidy to support fisheries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

212 marine fishery resources were recorded in the waters of Andhra Pradesh State. Morphometric data was provided for 20 edible fishery resources landing at the fishing harbour of Visakhapatnam. The harbour area is polluted due to influx of various industrial effluents and domestic sewage. In Pampus argenteus, P. chinensis and Parastromateus niger, the total protein content is 16.24-19.58%. Further, arsenic concentration in muscle and gill portions individually or combined in all three of the species is highly negligible. Cadmium, mercury, and lead levels in the muscle and gills of these species are within or slightly above the recommended limits set by EU (2006) and FAO (2003), FAO/WHO (2011), MAFF, and FSSAI (2011) indicating that the consumption of these fishes is not harmful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The predicted future shortfall in seafood production from tropical small-scale fisheries demands support to help diversify income streams and food production for coastal communities. Livelihood diversification can comprise the enhancement or addition of components to existing fisheries, yet the likely socioeconomic impacts are unclear. With a long history of nondeleterious introductions, the marine snail "trochus" (Rochia nilotica) was introduced to Samoa from 2003 to 2006 to offer a new artisanal fishery resource. Some 15 years later, we surveyed 303 fishers using structured questionnaires and mixed effects models to evaluate how the fishery has contributed to fisher well-being and what factors have influenced the socioeconomic impacts. Most fishers consumed part of their catch and both fisherwomen and fishermen shared harvests informally within communities, thereby bolstering resilience of the socialecological systems at the community level. More than one-quarter of fishers sold part of their catch and the new earnings represented 17% of their gross income from all sources. Fishing incomes were gender equitable and influenced by fishing frequency and capital assets (boats). Most fishers were satisfied with income from the relatively new fishery and improved income was reported by a majority of fishers, especially those younger and less experienced. Additional money from the fishery was most often spent on food, church tithing, and school fees. This relatively new fishery fostered positive well-being outcomes that were gender inclusive. Extrapolations of annual incomes across the fishery reveal a rapid return on investment from foreign-aid funded development. The study reveals that certain coastal artisanal fisheries can be gender equitable and that benefits are likely underestimated because of subsistence consumption and informal distribution networks. Diversifying the marine resources accessible to small-scale fishers offers a promising strategy to support coastal livelihoods and strengthen resilience of social-ecological systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This report aims to improve understanding of how flexibility can be introduced into the fisheries management cycle in order to foster adaptation to climate change. This work contributes to the overall scope of improving the resilience of fisheries, reducing their vulnerability to climate change, and enabling managers to respond in a timely manner to the projected changes in the dynamics of marine resources and ecosystems. The findings build on the conclusions of previous FAO publications that highlighted the lack of evaluations of adaptation success. Thirteen case studies from different locations across the globe are analysed: Myanmar, the Northeast Atlantic, South Africa, Uruguay, south-eastern Australia, Belize, the Western and Central Pacific Ocean, the Philippines, the Mediterranean, Canada (east and west coasts) and Peru. They provide details on the challenges presented by climate-driven impacts to fisheries with a widely varied range of socio-ecological contexts, governance systems, data availability (data-poor to data-rich), geographical locations and scales, fishery types and species, and adaptation responses. Understanding the general impacts of climate change on marine ecosystems and fisheries is a first step towards developing climate-adaptive fisheries management measures. Indeed, understanding the potential impacts on any specific system provides the background information necessary for selecting adaptation measures for that system. Based on the case studies presented, the most common impacts of climate change are shifts in species distributions, changes to productivity, and changes to species composition. A 'good practice' chapter pulls out the lessons learned from the case studies on how to adaptively manage fisheries in the face of climate change; it highlights the importance of adaptive and participatory management along with foundational principles of fisheries management. An effective fisheries management system is the first foundation of climate-resilient fisheries. The second foundation is stakeholder participation, whether it entails one-way flows of information (passive participation) or self-mobilization of stakeholders with independent community control of management. The third foundation relates to uncertainty and risk; a set of precautionary actions that can be taken in the planning and implementation phases of the fisheries management cycle are identified to assist decision-makers in addressing uncertainty and risk arising from climate impacts. Finally, the fourth foundation of climate-resilient fisheries is adaptive management: this recognizes the impossibility of determining the perfect management strategy and calls for management strategy evaluation, with periodic monitoring of status indicators and revision of management measures. Criteria are included to assist with selecting good practice adaptation measures, to ensure they meet minimum standards. There are three mandatory good practice criteria and two additional criteria that are considered beneficial. The mandatory criteria are: (i) the adaptation measure explicitly addresses climate-related risk(s) (with a clear objective); (ii) there is sufficient evidence to infer/assess effectiveness or robustness; and (iii) the adaptation measure must be a win-win or lose-win option. The two beneficial criteria are that the measure is: (iv) flexible or responsive; and (v) socially acceptable. For wider use, it is acknowledged that these criteria identify adaptation measures likely to be effective generally and do not assess their suitability for all specific local contexts. Moreover, good practice measures will only be effective when implemented rigorously and appropriately to the local context. When screened against the good practice criteria, the 13 fisheries case studies demonstrate 15 good practice adaptation measures in response to climate change. These are each linked to one or more of the three common climate-related impacts on fisheries resources (distributional change; productivity change; and species composition change) that can serve as practical entry points to guide decision-makers in identifying adaptation measures suitable for their local context. This information provides the basis for a framework that applies the good practice criteria to assist fishery practitioners in identifying suitable climate adaptation measures. The framework provides a means to track how the good practices are identified, and assess the likely effectiveness and suitability of the adaptation measures. To help ensure that good practice adaptation measures are relevant to each local context, local management capacity requirements are indicated: low (L), medium (M) or high (H). A number of challenges remain for the effective implementation of climate adaptation measures in fisheries management; they relate to political will, governance capacity and structures, uncertainty, rights disputes, and inflexible legal frameworks. The report identifies potential solutions for these challenges. It also recommends ways in which it may in future be possible to move from 'good practices' to '(normative) guidelines' in climate-adaptive fisheries management. These include the development of a catalogue of examples of successful adaptation, using a common template to facilitate their analysis. Another recommended area of work is the downscaling of climate projections -- including social and economic scenarios -- to match scales at which fisheries management occurs, with special attention on low-capacity regions, countries and areas. In addition to the need for more detailed information on localized climate impacts, identifying the (local) enabling conditions that help foster and accelerate the development and uptake of climate-adaptive measures is essential. Finally, future research could include the assessment of good practices for climate-adaptive management of inland fisheries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]