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Mit dem 2016 in Kraft getretenen Integrationsgesetz wurden die Voraussetzungen für eine unbefristete Niederlassungserlaubnis erweitert. Asylberechtigte und anerkannte Flüchtlinge müssen seither unter anderem Sprachkompetenz in Deutsch nachweisen und ihren Lebensunterhalt weitgehend eigenständig sichern. Empirische Befunde deuten darauf hin, dass dies insbesondere für Mütter und unverheiratete Frauen nachteilig ist., IAB-Forum

In Afghanistan ist nach dem Abzug der Truppen der Vereinigten Staaten und der Nordatlantischen Vertragsorganisation (US- und NATO-Truppen) sowie der Machtübernahme der Taliban eine starke Zunahme von Verfolgung, politischer Gewalt und Menschenrechtsverletzungen zu erwarten. Von den Beschränkungen politischer und persönlicher Freiheiten sind Frauen und Mädchen sowie ethnische und religiöse Minderheiten besonders betroffen. Zugleich kann die weitere Verschlechterung der wirtschaftlichen Lage zu einer umfassenden Versorgungskrise der Bevölkerung führen. In der Vergangenheit haben Pakistan und der Iran rund 80 Prozent der in das Ausland geflüchteten Afghaninnen und Afghanen aufgenommen. Aufgrund veränderter geopolitischer Interessen, zunehmender wirtschaftlicher Probleme und wachsenden Widerständen in der Bevölkerung lehnen Pakistan und der Iran die weitere Aufnahme von Geflüchteten aus Afghanistan jedoch ab. Ähnliches gilt für die meisten zentralasiatischen Staaten der früheren Sowjetunion und China. Insofern ist nicht zu erwarten, dass die politische und humanitäre Krise in Afghanistan durch die Aufnahme von Geflüchteten in der Region sowie die finanzielle und technische Unterstützung der Nachbarländer durch die Vereinigten Staaten Amerikas (USA), die Europäische Union (EU) und andere Hocheinkommensländer entschärft werden kann. [...] Following the withdrawal of US and NATO troops and the seizure of power by the Taliban, it can be expected that the levels of persecution, political violence, and human rights violations will sharply increase in Afghanistan. Women and girls as well as ethnic and religious minorities are par-ticularly vulnerable to restrictions of political and personal freedom. At the same time, a further deterioration of the economic situation may result in a severe food supply crisis in Afghanistan. In the past, Pakistan and Iran provided shelter for around 80 percent of the refugees from Afghanistan. However, changes in geopolitical agendas, deteriorating economic conditions, and growing anti-immigrant sentiments, led to a refusal of the Pakistani and Iranian governments to accept additional refugees from Afghanistan. This is also the case for the governments of most Ex-Soviet Union states in Central Asia and China. As a consequence, it would be unrealistic to assume that the political and humanitarian crisis in Afghanistan can be alleviated through the resettlement of refugees within the region and financial and technical assistance for neighbouring countries provided by the EU, the United States, and other high-income countries. [...]

Notice: IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees in Germany: Revision of the DatasetThe Institute of Employment Research (IAB), the Information Centre for Asylum and Migration of the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (BAMF-FZ), and the Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) at the German Institute for Economic Research (DIW Berlin) are currently working together on a longitudinal survey of refugees. The survey research institute Kantar Public (formerly TNS Infratest) has been commissioned to carry out the interviews. Kantar Public performs routine checks to ensure the quality of the survey. In preparation for the next round of interviews, Kantar Public found that one interviewer had not conducted interviews according to the established procedures. Six percent of the total household interviews were affected. To address this issue, the research institutes involved in the study asked an expert in survey research methodology who is not part of the project, Prof. Dr. Jörg-Peter Schräpler of Ruhr University Bochum, to evaluate the dataset for statistical anomalies. In cases where additional statistical anomalies were identified, the respondents were contacted again. All of these respondents confirmed that their interviews had been conducted properly. These comprehensive checks provided no indication that further irregularities had occurred in the process of conducting the survey. Kantar Public is currently assessing its quality control procedures and will take the necessary steps to improve quality control in its fieldwork processes and organization. Users of data from the IAB-BAMF-SOEP Survey of Refugees have been informed, and a revised version of the dataset will be provided to them soon. After rechecking the results of studies published thus far based on the survey data, we have determined that the basic conclusions of these studies still hold after the data revision. The deviations in the revised dataset are either within the margin of statistical error, or they result in only slight differences of a few percentage points compared to the previously released version of the data. Details on the revised results can be found on the IAB website at: http://doku.iab.de/grauepap/2017/Revidierter_Datensatz_der_IAB-BAMF-SOEP-Befragung.pdf. The DIW publications affected by the data revision will be replaced with corrected versions in early 2018.