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The fluid distribution is considerably influenced by the reservoir homogeneity. This study analyzes carbonate reservoir heterogeneity and hydrocarbon accumulation processes in the Khasib reservoirs in AB oilfield in the Middle East to discuss factors controlling the distribution of fluid and the effects of this distribution on the productivity of single wells. The Khasib reservoirs in the AB oilfield show uniform vertical distributions, with a large difference in the longitudinal pore throats, and the upper part of the reservoir is better than the lower one. Because the hydrocarbon accumulation is multiphasic, the heterogeneity of crude oil is based on whether traps are formed in the early or late stage of source rock formation during accumulation. Moreover, the longitudinal physical differences in crude oil properties are mainly attributed to the longitudinal differences in the pore throats. The difference in the pore throat and physical properties of crude oil affords differences in the productivity of horizontal wells in different subzones.