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Generation of fluid flow due to simultaneous occurrence of heat and mass diffusions caused by buoyancy differences is termed as double diffusion. Pervasive applications of such diffusion arise in numerous natural and scientific systems. This article investigates double diffusion in naturally convective flow of water-based fluid saturated in corrugated enclosure and containing hybrid nano particles composed of Copper (Cu) and Alumina (Al2O3). Impact of uniformly applied magnetic field is also accounted. To produce thermosolutal convective potential circular cylinder of constant radius is also adjusted by providing uniform temperature and concentration distributions. Finite element approach is capitalized to provide solution of utilized governing equations by utilizing Multiphysics COMSOL software. Wide-range of physical parameters are incorporated to depict their influence on associated distributions (velocity, temperature and concentration). Interesting physical quantities like Nusselt number, Sherwood numbers are also calculated against involved sundry parameters. It is note worthily observed that maximum strength of stream lines (ψ max ) is 3.3 at ϕ = 0 and drops to 1.2 when ϕ is increased to 0.04. Furthermore, in the hydrodynamic case (Ha = 0), it is observed that the velocity field exhibits an increasing trend compared to the hydromagnetic case H a ≠ 0 , which is proved from the attained values of stream-function i.e., | ψ | max = 11 (in the absence of a magnetic field) and | ψ | max = 3.5 (in the presence of a magnetic field). It is revealed from the statistics of Nusselt number that increase in volume fraction of nano particles from 0 to 0.4, heat flux coefficient upsurges up to 7% approximately. Since, present work includes novel physical aspects of thermosolutal diffusion generated due to induction of hybrid nanoparticles in water contained in corrugated enclosure, so this study will provide innovative thought to the researchers to conduct research in this direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a study that examined the mathematical structuring of Prandtl fluid flow toward an inclined stretched cylinder. The researchers conducted improved numerical simulation using the Cash and Carp method to foresee the pattern of thermophysical distribution toward existing involved constraints. The results indicate that Prandtl fluid velocity declines for increases in the Prandtl fluid parameter and elastic parameter.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to highlight the studies of momentum and transmission of heat on mixed convection boundary layer Darcy‒Forchheimer flow of Casson liquid over a linear extending surface in a porous medium. The belongings of homogeneous‒heterogeneous retorts are also affianced. The mechanism of heat transmission is braced out in the form of Cattaneo‒Christov heat flux. Appropriate restorations are smeared to revolutionize coupled nonlinear partial differential equations conforming to momentum, energy and concentration of homogeneous‒heterogeneous reaction equations into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Design/methodology/approach: Numerical elucidations of the transmogrified ODEs are accomplished via a dexterous and trustworthy scheme, namely optimal homotopy analysis method. The convergence of planned scheme is exposed with the support of error table. Findings: The exploration of mixed convection Darcy‒Forchheimer MHD boundary layer flow of incompressible Casson fluid by the linear stretched surface with Cattaneo‒Christov heat flux model and homogeneous‒heterogeneous reactions is checked in this research. Imitations of the core subsidized flow parameters on velocity, temperature and concentration of homogeneous‒heterogeneous reactions solutions are conscripted. From the recent deliberation, remarkable annotations are as follows: non-dimensional velocities in xa− and xb− directions shrink, whereas the non-dimensional temperature upsurges when the Casson fluid parameter ameliorates. Similar impact of Casson fluid parameter, magnetic parameter, mixed convection parameter, inertia parameter, and porosity parameter is observed for both the components of velocity field. An escalation in magnetic parameter shows the opposite attitude of temperature field as compared with velocity profile. Similar bearing of Casson fluid parameter is observed for both temperature and velocity fields. Enhancement in concentration rate is observed for growing values of (Ns) and (Sc), and it reduces for (k1). Both temperature and concentration of homogeneous‒heterogeneous upturn by mounting the magnetic parameter. Demeanor of magnetic parameter, Casson fluid parameter, heat generation parameter is opposite to that of Prandtl number and thermal relaxation parameter on temperature profile. Practical implications: In many industrial and engineering applications, the current exploration is utilized for the transport of heat and mass in any system. Originality/value: As far as novelty of this work is concerned this is an innovative study and such analysis has not been considered so far. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current analysis illustrates the systematic survey about the flow features imparted by viscous fluid between two coaxially rotated disks embedded in a permeable medium. Energy equation has been built by encompassing Cattaneo–Christov heat flux law.Prevailing non-linear PDEs are converted into non-linear ODEs by utilizing Von Karman transformations. Afterwards, the attained differential system is solved by capitalizing implicit finite difference scheme. Interpretation regarding the impact of dimensionless involved parameters on axial, tangential and radial components of velocity, thermal distribution is exhibited. Comparison for skin friction coefficients on walls of disks is also manifested. An excellent agreement with previous work is established which assures the reliance of present work. After getting through intellect about the variations it is disclosed that the magnitude of axial and radial velocities diminishes at lower disk contrary to upper disk for intensifying magnitude of Reynold number. Furthermore, the shear stress rate at walls of upper and lower disks is also deliberated. Increment in tangential component of velocity is also manifested for uplifts values of Reynold number. In case of thermal distribution, it is deduced that thermal field decrements for increasing of Pr and thermal relaxation parameter. It is worthy to mention that shear drag coefficient at wall of lower disk decreases conversely to the wall shear coefficient magnitude at wall of upper disk. • The skin friction coefficient at both disks is less for greater value of rotational parameter. • At the lower disk, the radial and axial velocity profile increases for maximum value of A 1. • Thermal effects are reduced for both thermal relaxation and Prandtl number. • For rotational and stretching parameters, the tangential velocity profile increases at disk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the physical and computational aspects of normally applied magnetic field on non-Newtonian Prandtl-Eyring fluid flow over a stretching sheet. The Prandtl-Eyring fluid is a non-Newtonian viscoinelastic fluid model capable of describing zero shear rate viscosity effects. Stretching of a sheet induces the flow (Couette flow). The mathematical formulation of the problem gives a highly non-linear system of partial differential equations. By means of a scaling group of transformations, the partial differential equations are transfigured into ordinary differential equation. The implicit finite difference scheme Keller-Box is implemented to solve the resulting equation. The expression for dimensionless velocity is calculated numerically and inclusive pictures of its physical characteristics are analyzed very concisely and briefly. The influence of different pertinent parameters is displayed via graphs, which are plotted against variation in parameters. Computation of the skin friction coefficient is accomplished, and effects of influential parameters are analyzed via graphs and tables. The accuracy of the present solution is certified by displaying contrast between present and existing literature. It is important to remark that the results have shown excellent agreement up to significant number of digits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mathematical model is presented to discuss magnetohydrodynamic Sisko fluid flow over a stretching cylinder with cumulative effects of viscous dissipation and Joule heating in the presence of nanoparticles. The mathematical modelling of the physical problem produced nonlinear set of partial differential equations which are transfigured into simultaneous system of ordinary differential equations with appropriate boundary conditions via suitable scaling group of transforms. Shooting technique is used to solve nonlinear set of flow govern equations. Comparison of numerical solution is made with previously reported data to validate the accuracy. The influence of governing parameters on the velocity, temperature and concentration is discussed under different parametric conditions. The numerically computed results are deliberated via graphs by selecting suitable values of the relevant physical parameters. Additionally to insight physical phenomenon in the vicinity of surface skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt number and local Sherwood number are computed and explicated through tables as well as graphs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The magnetized flow field statistics of hydrodynamic forces subject to the grooved channel is debated in the present pagination. To be more specific, the grooved channel as a computational domain is considered. The fluid flow is initiated with the parabolic velocity profile at an inlet of the grooved channel. The right wall of the channel is entertained with notable Neumann condition. The velocity of the rest of the walls is taken zero. Both square and circular shaped cylinders are placed fixed in between the grooved channel. The whole design is mathematically controlled in terms of coupled non-linear differential equations. The numerical solution is proposed by utilizing the finite element method commercially. The LBB-stable finite pair is used for the approximation of primitive variables namely, the velocity and pressure. The obtained outcomes are offered through both the line graphs and contour plots. The drag and lift forces are evaluated by carrying line integration around the outer surface of square and circular shaped obstacles. It is noticed that in the grooved channel the obstacles experience an extreme maximum drag force. Further, the drag force is found to be an increasing function of the Hartmann number. • Magnetized liquid stream in the grooved channel is debated. • Square and circular shaped cylinders are taken as an obstacle. • Finite element analysis is performed by owing hybrid meshing. • Comparative benchmarking is debated for drag and lift coefficients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]