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Background and Objective: Tribal populations are the least well-off groups in society, and because of their ignorance, they are ill-equipped to take advantage of government possibilities. Hence, the study aimed to evaluate the level of ADA in Serum and Pleural Fluid and find its role in early diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) among Tribal and Non-Tribal Populations. Method: 76 participants in the study were split into two groups. Group-I includes 35 healthy control participants, and Group-II consists of 41 PTB patients, with 28 sputum-negative (-ve AFB) patients and 13 sputum-positive (+ve AFB) patients between the age of 18 to 65. In both patient groups, ADA levels were determined in serum and pleural fluid at the Pacific Institute of Medical Sciences in Umarda, Udaipur. Results: The ADA level in Serum and pleural fluid were significantly higher in sputum positive (+ve AFB) patients, 35.62±2.41 IU/L and 29.27±3.20 IU/L as compared to sputum negative (-ve AFB) patients, 57.40±32.14 IU/L and 55.94±18.60 IU/L. Further, serum ADA and Pleural Fluid ADA levels among tribal males were higher as compared to tribal females and among non-tribal females, it was higher as compared to non-tribal males. Conclusion: In the area of Udaipur where tuberculosis is quite prevalent among Tribal Population, ADA level in serum and pleural fluid is helpful as a quick and precise test for the early detection of PTB as ADA is an extremely sensitive, precise, affordable, quick, and easily accessible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]