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Biomass materials have abundant natural resources, renewability and good biochemical compatibility, so biomass-based fluorescent materials prepared from biomass materials have gradually become a research hotspot. In particular, the low cost and environmentally friendly properties of chitosan have been widely used in the field of functional materials. Chitosan-based functional materials have attracted extensive attention in the detection and removal of organic and inorganic pollutants. They have been widely used in biological imaging, environmental detection, drug carriers and other fields. This paper reviews the preparation and application of chitosan-based fluorescent probes, including chitosan-derived fluorescent probe materials and chitosan-based carbon quantum dots. At the same time, it focuses on the application research of chitosan-based carbon quantum dots in the fields of environmental detection, cell imaging, drug carriers, photocatalysis, etc. In addition, it provides new ideas and application prospects for the development and application of chitosan-based fluorescent materials in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design and development of a rapid and quantitative method for the detection of heavy metal ions is of great importance for environmental protection. We have prepared a 1,8-Naphthalimide modified cellulose composite fluorescent hydrogel (CENAEA/PAA) with a stereo double network structure. Characterized by excellent hydrogel functional structure and fluorescence detection performance, it can efficiently and selectively identify and detect Cr(VI) with linear quenching in the range of 0–400 μmol/L and detection limit of 0.58 μmol/L for Cr(VI). The results show that the CENAEA/PAA can effectively adsorb Cr(VI) with a maximum adsorption capacity of 189.04 mg/g. Finally, the morphological characteristics, chemical structure, fluorescence properties and adsorption behavior of CENAEA/PAA were analyzed and fitted well with the pseudo-second-order model and Freundlich model. Thus, the present work provides a green and sustainable approach for the synthesis of a functional material that can be used for the detection and adsorption of heavy metal ions. [Display omitted] • A 1,8-naphthalenediamine-modified cellulose composite fluorescent hydrogel (CENAEA/PAA) with a stereo double network structure was prepared. • The CENAEA was used as the raw material for in situ polymerization with acrylic acid to form CENAEA/PAA fluorescent hydrogel with three-dimensional double network structure. • It can efficiently detect and adsorb Cr(VI) with a linear quenching range of 0-400 μmol/L. The detection limit of Cr(VI) is 0.58 μmol/L and the maximum adsorption amount is 189.04 mg/g. • It provides new ideas for the design and development of cellulose-based fluorescent probes for biomass resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a typical heavy metal pollutant, chromium has caused great harm to the natural environment. Chromium mainly exists in trivalent and hexavalent compounds in nature, among which Cr(VI) is more toxic. As an outstanding fluorescent material, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have the advantages of easy preparation, low cost, good optical stability, good biocompatibility, and low toxicity. The composite carbon quantum dots formed by compounding carbon quantum dots with other functional molecules can not only effectively reduce the preparation cost but also have stable fluorescence emission and metal ion recognition functions. In this paper, l‐arginine modified lignin composite carbon quantum dots (Arg‐l‐CQDs) are synthesized, their fluorescence responsiveness to a series of metal ions is analyzed, and their feasibility for Cr(VI) detection is analyzed. The results show that the Arg‐l‐CQDs can be used as a fluorescent probe to achieve specific fluorescence response, high selectivity, and anti‐interference to Cr(VI). There is a certain linear relationship between the concentration and the fluorescence intensity of the fluorescent probe. The linear equation is F/F0 = 0.5568‐0.0012C[Cr(VI)], the linear correlation coefficient is 0.9945, and the detection limit of the fluorescent probe is 0.8625 µmol L−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chitosan, as a natural biomass material, is green, recyclable, sustainable and well biocompatible. The molecular chain is rich in active groups such as amino and hydroxyl groups, and its preparation of fluorescent probes has the advantages of biocompatibility and efficient detection performance. In this study, a bis(benzaldehyde) (BHD) fluorescent functional molecule was designed. Then a series of fluorescent chitosan-based hydrogel films (CSBHD) were prepared using chitosan as raw material and BHD as cross-linking agent. As a fluorescent probe for metal ions, CSBHD was able to efficiently detect Fe2+ with a linear correlation of fluorescence intensity in the range of 0–160 μM, and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.55 μM. Moreover, it has excellent adsorption performance for Fe2+ ions, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 223.5 g/mg at 500 mg/L Fe2+ concentration. Finally, we characterised the structure and microscopic morphology of CSBHD films and found that CSBHD as a hydrogel film has a high cross-linking density, good water resistance, excellent thermal stability, strong resistance to swelling, and excellent stability in cycling tests. Hence, it has great potential for application in adsorption and detection of Fe2+ ions. It also provides a good strategy for the application of chitosan based fluorescent probe materials in environmental monitoring and heavy metal ion adsorption. • Design and development of a bis(benzaldehyde) (BHD) molecule with fluorescent functionality • Chitosan-based hydrogel membrane CSBHD with fluorescent properties was prepared. • The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.55 μM and the adsorption rate was about 89.4 %. • It provides new ideas for fluorescent probe research on chitosan biomass resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chitosan, as a natural biomass material, is green, recyclable, sustainable and well biocompatible. The molecular chain is rich in active groups such as amino and hydroxyl groups, and its preparation of fluorescent probes has the advantages of biocompatibility and efficient detection performance. In this study, a bis(benzaldehyde) (BHD) fluorescent functional molecule was designed. Then a series of fluorescent chitosan-based hydrogel films (CSBHD) were prepared using chitosan as raw material and BHD as cross-linking agent. As a fluorescent probe for metal ions, CSBHD was able to efficiently detect Fe2+ with a linear correlation of fluorescence intensity in the range of 0–160 μM, and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.55 μM. Moreover, it has excellent adsorption performance for Fe2+ ions, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 223.5 g/mg at 500 mg/L Fe2+ concentration. Finally, we characterised the structure and microscopic morphology of CSBHD films and found that CSBHD as a hydrogel film has a high cross-linking density, good water resistance, excellent thermal stability, strong resistance to swelling, and excellent stability in cycling tests. Hence, it has great potential for application in adsorption and detection of Fe2+ ions. It also provides a good strategy for the application of chitosan based fluorescent probe materials in environmental monitoring and heavy metal ion adsorption. • Design and development of a bis(benzaldehyde) (BHD) molecule with fluorescent functionality • Chitosan-based hydrogel membrane CSBHD with fluorescent properties was prepared. • The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.55 μM and the adsorption rate was about 89.4 %. • It provides new ideas for fluorescent probe research on chitosan biomass resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fluorescent probe is a kind of fluorescent system that can selectively combine specific substances to achieve qualitative or quantitative detection of targeted molecules. Most fluorescent probes are organic compounds containing conjugated double bond systems, which have special fluorescent properties and can be sensitive to changes in environmental characteristics. It has the advantages of simple operation and high sensitivity, therefore it is widely used in life science, environmental science and other fields. In recent years, biomass lignin-based fluorescent probes have been extensively studied and great progress has been made. Since lignin is a natural biomass material containing aromatic structures with has special optical properties, the fluorescence probes prepared by using lignin as a precursor material have improved the related properties to a certain extent. For example, lignin-based fluorescent probes have the advantages of low toxicity, good biocompatibility, good processability, and low cost. This paper reviews the preparation of lignin derivative fluorescent probes and various lignin-based carbon quantum dots (CQDs) fluorescent materials using lignin as raw materials and their applications in biochemical sensing, heavy metal ion detection, bioimaging, environmental detection, anti-counterfeiting printing, drug carriers and other fields. [Display omitted] • Review the properties and application of lignin-based fluorescent probes. • Design the fluorescent probes by using lignin as the substrate material. • Introduce the application prospects of lignin-based fluorescent probes. • Indicate ideas for the design and application of lignin-based fluorescent probes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]