Search

This paper assesses the impact of the treatment of soil with NaF and KF on activity of antioxidant enzymes involved in the Halliwell-Asada cycle: glutathione reductase (GR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and antioxidant enzymes that decompose hydrogen peroxide: catalase (CAT), and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) in winter wheat cv. Skagen seedlings. The fluoride was added to loamy sand at concentrations of 10 mmol/kg DM soil and 30 mmol/kg DM soil. This study demonstrated that soil treatment with fluorine salts caused mainly increase in the activity of the studied enzymes. The highest changes occurred in DHAR and POD activity. The influence of NaF was typically higher than that of KF, while based on η² it was determined that the activity of GR and POD was mostly shaped by the salt concentration added to soil, and those of DHAR, APX, and CAT by the time of measurement after sowing. The conducted principal component analysis demonstrated that the activity of all determined enzymes was negatively correlated with the first principal component. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the effect in sandy soil on the content of two fluoride forms, which are soluble (extracted with CaCl2) and potentially available to plants (extracted with HClO4), and the activity of dehydrogenases, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and o-diphenol oxidase of three quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) with the [PF6]-anion (tetramethylammonium hexafluorophosphate [TMA][PF6], tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate [TBA][PF6], and tetrahexylammonium hexafluorophosphate [THA][PF6]) and the inorganic salt ammonium hexafluorophosphate. The results showed an increase in fluoride content, especially in the form potentially available to plants (F-HClO4). An inhibition of dehydrogenases, acid phosphatase, and o-diphenol oxidase was observed, while the alkaline phosphatase was stimulated. The highest effect was found after treatment with the highest dosages of QAS. The fluoride content was negatively correlated with the activity of the dehydrogenases, acid phosphatase, and o-diphenol oxidase, and was positively correlated with alkaline phosphatase activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]