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Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) based novel functional films containing Chinese chives root extract (CRE) at different concentrations (1, 3 and 5 % in w/w) were successfully fabricated. It was revealed by SEM that higher extract concentration triggered the formation of agglomerates within the film. Tensile strength of the films was decreased from 30.91 to 16.48 MPa. Thickness of films was increased from 43 to 84 μm, while decrease in water solubility from 77.51-52.91 %, swelling degree from 55.74 to 40.37 %, and water vapor permeability from 5.76 to 1.17 10 -10 gm -1 s -1  Pa -1 was observed. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability of CMC-CRE films was increased from 0 to 58 % and 82 %, respectively. CMC-CRE5 film showed the highest biodegradability of 58.14 %. The film prepared by the addition of CRE into CMC also exhibited good antioxidant and antimicrobial activity indicating that it could be developed as a bio-composite food packaging material for the food industry., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The objective of the present study was to develop chitosan (CS) based novel functional films containing Chinese chive root extract (CRE) using solution casting method. CRE at different concentrations (1, 3 and 5% in w/w) were incorporated into the film-forming solution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal behavior analysis (DSC & TGA) were performed to investigate the structure, potential interaction and thermal stability of prepared films. It was revealed by SEM that higher extract concentration triggered the formation of agglomerates within the films. Incorporation of CRE into CS resulted in decrease tensile properties of the films from 28.9 to 15.4 MPa, whereas thickness was increased from 0.076 to 0.113 mm. The water solubility, swelling degree and water vapor permeability were significantly decreased from 31.6 to 18.7%, 57.4 to 40.5% and 15.67 to 7.81 × 10 -11  g·m -1 s -1 Pa -1 , respectively. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability of CS-CRE films were increased from 6.95 to 47.05% and 11.98 to 57.38%, respectively. CS-CRE5 film showed the highest biodegradability of 47.36%. The films prepared by addition of CRE into CS exhibited good antioxidant and antimicrobial activity indicating that it could be developed as bio-composite food packaging material for food industry., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

In the present study, polysaccharides from chickpea hull (CHPS) were incorporated into carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) for the development of CMC-based films. The physical and mechanical properties, color, transmittance, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were investigated, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were applied to study the potential interaction, structure and thermal stabilization of the prepared films. The results revealed that some physical and mechanical properties of films, like moisture content, elongation at break and water vapor permeability, were decreased. While thickness, swelling ratio, water solubility and tensile strength were significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared with control film. Furthermore, the films exhibited potential antioxidant effects on DPPH and ABTS free radicals. The results of scanning electron microscopy showed rough and heterogeneous morphology for CMC-CHPS films while control film exhibited smooth, homogenous and compact structure. FT-IR results reflected good interaction of chemical groups and bonds between CMC and CHPS. DSC results showed that glass transition temperature increased significantly (p < 0.05) from 82.68 to 90.39 °C compared with control of 78.21 °C. Thermal stability of all films was improved, indicating that the films could be used as biocomposite materials for packaging of food products., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

In the present study, apple peel polyphenols (APP) were incorporated into chitosan (CS) to develop a novel functional film. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analyses were performed to study the structure, potential interaction and thermal stability of the prepared films. Physical properties including moisture content, density, color, opacity, water solubility, swelling ration and water vapor permeability were measured. The results revealed that addition of APP into CS significantly improved the physical properties of the film by increasing its thickness, density, solubility, opacity and swelling ratio whereas moisture content and water vapor permeability were decreased. Tensile strength and elongation at break of the CS-APP film with 1% APP was 16.48MPa and 13.33%, respectively, significantly lower than those for CS control film. Thermal stability of the prepared films was decreased while antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the CS-based APP film were significantly increased. CS-APP film with 0.50% APP concentration exhibited good mechanical and antimicrobial properties, indicating that it could be developed as bio-composite food packaging material for the food industry., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)