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This bachelor thesis deals with the history of women's football in the Czech lands. The thesis is divided chronologically from the very beginnings of football as a collective sport and traces the involvement of women in the game. It defines the first sporting activities of women in society and their official educational physical education process in Europe. Provides the earliest references to women's football in Great Britain and Bohemia. Describes the most important things that have happened in women's football in the Czech territory, in a chronological sequence from the founding of the first women's team, the structure of the first regular competitions to the current structure of women's football in the Czech Republic. The most famous teams are mapped and the most important personalities of women's football in the Czech Republic and the world are described. It describes the development of the Czechoslovak women's national football team from its first official match to its isolation under the Czech flag. The chapters are enriched with contemporary interviews and public reactions from available theses, periodicals, books and websites. The original text is a chronological history of the women's league team FK Dukla Prague. In the appendices we find transcripts of interviews with women's football...

Аналізом науково-методичної літератури виявлено практично повну відсутність висвітлення проблем варіативного використання у тренувальному процесі кваліфікованих футболістів протягом річного циклу підготовки різних методик високо-інтенсивного інтервального тренінгу. Також обмаль інформації, стосовно експрес-методик відновлення гравців після високих м’язових навантажень впродовж тренувального процесу. Не встановлено значущих відмінностей показників функціонального стану між футболісти вікової категорії U-19 та U-21. Не виявлено достовірних відмінностей у структурі фізичної підготовки між польовими гравцями. Встановлено, що таке положення може пояснюватися тим, що в тренуванні футболістів 19-21 років практично не проводиться диференціювання навантажень для футболістів різного ігрового амплуа, а ні за обсягом, а ні за характером вправ. Таким чином, аналіз основних сторін спеціальної працездатності, фізичної та функціональної підготовленості гравців 19-21 років футбольного клубу української Прем`єр-Ліги ФК «Зоря» (м. Луганськ) дозволив виявити слабкі сторони в кожному з видів підготовленості, обрати перспективні стратегічні напрямки роботи з молодими футболістами резервного складу основної команди на наступний змагальний період., The analysis of scientific and methodological literature revealed an almost complete lack of coverage of the problems of variable use of qualified football players in the training process during the annual training cycle of various methods of high-intensive interval training. There is also little information about Express methods of recovery of players after high muscle loads during the training process. There were no significant differences in functional state indicators between football players of the U-19 and U-21 age categories. There were no significant differences in the structure of physical fitness between field players. It is established that this situation can be explained by the fact that in the training of football players aged 19-21, there is practically no differentiation of loads for football players of different playing roles, neither by volume, nor by the nature of exercises. Thus, the analysis of the main aspects of special working capacity, physical and functional fitness of players aged 19-21 years of the Football Club of the Ukrainian Premier League FC Zarya (Luhansk) allowed us to identify weaknesses in each of the types of training, choose promising strategic areas of work with young players of the reserve team of the main team for the next competitive period.

TITLE Influence of specialized speed training on the development of speed in a U15 football player. AUTHOR Ondřej Šíma DEPARTMENT Department of physical education SUPERVISOR PaedDr. Ladislav Pokorný ABSTRACT This thesis focuses on the analysis of speed skills and their improvement in U15 soccer players, using a monthly specialized speed program. The first part of the thesis contains a detailed review of the necessary theoretical background. From the basics of general and soccer training to information specifically focused on the development of speed abilities in players in this age category. In the second part, independent research is conducted. The research involves speed testing and subsequent analysis of players' speed ability. Subsequently, the improvement of the players after undergoing a month-long specialized speed training is analyzed and compared to players who did not participate in this program and underwent a regular preparation period. The main outcome of this work should be to find out if the monthly specialized speed training has a greater impact on speed development than the regular preparation period. KEY WORDS speed, player, football, training, preparation period

Title: Flexibility for football players in the student category U14 - U15 Objective: The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to help the questionnaire survey to monitor the use of basic gymnastics with a focus on the development of flexibility in the training of football players in the category of students (U14 - U15). The partial goal is to design a set of recommended exercises that can contribute to the development of flexibility. Methods: The research sample consisted of 6 football clubs (SK Slavia Prague, Bohemians 1905, SK Kladno, FC Košice, Lokomotíva Košice, Janočko Academy). To obtain information from the respondents, the method of qualitative questioning was chosen. We have created a non-standardized questionnaire, which is presented in an authentic form at the end of the bachelor's thesis (see appendices). We contacted the individual teams by phone and contacted the head coaches of the student categories. The selection of the sample was intentional, because we wanted to include the widest possible range in terms of performance and location (Slovakia, Czech Republic). Results: The results of the questionnaire survey showed that all football teams regularly include the means of basic gymnastics in the training process of football players in the student categories. We must also state that there...

TITLE: AUTHOR: Jakub Borůvka DEPARTMENT: Department of Physical Education and Sport SUPERVISOR: PaedDr. Ladislav Pokorný ABSTRACT: This researcher focuses on an overview and practical implications of functional movements that could have contributed to developing adult football players' strength skills. The aim is to establish a list of exercises based on the literature review. The research uses several research methods such as literature review, experiment and survey. The research outcome mapped a complex of activities created, especially footballers' needs. A practical program application with gained knowledge could lead to a new training approach or the change in the training purpose used by football players and travers. KEYWORDS: Condition, football, functional training, strength

Title: Analysis of penetration passes of central midfielders in selected Czech teams Objective: The aim of the thesis is to point out importance of a penetrating pass and its direct relation with a team's match performance. Methods: Analyzed file, which consisted of 16 players was indirectly observed with help of video records from Instat 3.0 software. Mainly penetrating passes of two most used central midfielders from each chosen team were observed. Recorded data were written up to sheets prepared in advance. Compiled data were then used to compare, analyze and evaluate between themselves. Results: We found out that watched players of top four teams had with a few exceptions better numbers than players of bottom four teams. Hrošovský was consistently among the best in each aspect we watched, while Soldát lined up among the worst in each aspect with the only exception being success rate of penetrating passes. Tetour and Hanousek were ranked in top three in success rate of passes which was a surprise given they played for last team of the table. Summary: We found out that even though players of top four teams were achieving better numbers than players of bottom four teams, they weren't as dominant in watched aspects as we thought. We expected that there would be a bigger difference between them. Key...

The characterization of the in-game actions with the strongest influence on victory in football might be useful for designing playing styles that enhance teams’ performance. The aim of this study was to analyze in-game match statistics on the top-3 and bottom-3 teams ranked in LaLiga. Accumulated offensive and defensive match statistics when playing at home and away were obtained from LaLiga for 8 consecutive seasons. Data extraction was performed by computerized video-analysis. The top-3 and bottom-3 teams were compared using independent t-test analysis and the magnitude of the difference was cataloged with effect sizes. Overall, the offensive variable with the greatest magnitude of difference in the top-3 vs. bottom-3 comparison was shooting accuracy (ES ± 90% confidence interval = 4.15 ± 0.52) followed by the number of offsides (2.25 ± 0.60) and corners (2.14 ± 0.61). However, when playing away, the offensive variable with the greatest magnitude of difference in the top-3 vs bottom-3 comparison was the number of shots (3.30 ± 0.44). The defensive variables that best differentiated top 3 - bottom 3 teams were the number of corners (2.16 ± 0.43) and shots conceded (2.04 ± 0.39). In conclusion, the match statistics that best discriminated successful from unsuccessful football teams were shooting accuracy while attacking and the number of shots conceded while defending.

The thesis maps and compares the success of solving the game activities of the players of the Czech women's national football team. It is a diagnostic of eight games played in the qualifications for the 2019 World Championship. The thesis investigates the success of the selected gaming activities of the Czech team as a whole, and in these activities it compares the success of defensive players, midfielders and offensive players.

Objective: This study aims at documenting the incidences, nature and severity of injuries on the Kingdom of Swaziland football players. In addition, we investigate the association between injury incidence rates (IRs), players’ age and playing positions. Methods: Anthropometric characteristics, field-playing positions, match exposure injury occurrences were monitored in 24 teams (432 players). The teams were drawn from four main structures: Premier Soccer League (PSL), first division, super league and regional leagues (promotional league). The type, severity and duration of football-related injuries were documented following FIFA recommendations. Descriptive data was computed to characterize the injury profile using SPSS v23.0. Results: There were no significant differences on age (p=0.234, body mass (p=0.898 and height (p=0.451) among all players. IR of 29.8 (CI: 27.4, 32.2) injuries per 1000 exposure hours were observed. A sum of 92 injuries were observed and recorded. Of these injuries, 3 out of 4 were classified as either minimal (31.5%) or mild (35.9%), while merely 1 out of 10 injuries (5.4%) necessitated absence from play of more than 28 days. Overuse and traumatic injuries accounted for 27.3% and 78.3% respectively. Conclusions: The study reflected that the quantity and severity of injuries were not only associated with player’s age but also different playing positions. The injury profile of this nature can also enhance the knowledge of injuries, identification of risk factors for the most prevalent differential diagnoses in Swaziland soccer. Therefore, assisting sport medical teams and physicians to plan and develop any injury intervention programs.&nbsp

This paper addresses the problem of what is happening physically inside the skull during head-ball contact. Mathematical models based upon Newton’s laws of motion and numerical methods are used to create animations of brain motion and deformation inside the skull. Initially a 1 cm gap filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) separates the brain from the rigid skull in adults and older children. Whole head acceleration induces a pulse of artificial gravity within the skull. Because brain density differs slightly from that of CSF, the brain accelerates and strikes the inner aspect of the skull, undergoing viscoelastic deformation, ranging from 1 to 2 percent compression for normal heading with good technique, from 5 to 10 percent compression for normal heading with poor technique, and from 30 to 40 percent compression for accidental heading of rising balls at close range. The amount of local strain developed at the point of impact is magnified by force concentration caused by the mismatch between curvature of the brain and curvature of the overlying skull. Computed values are compared to a putative safe level of 1% maximum compressive strain permitted by the skull anatomy of woodpeckers This fresh biomechanical analysis allows one to visualize events within the skull during soccer heading. The results suggest heading safety is greatly improved when players head the ball with greater effective body mass, which is determined by a player’s size, strength, and technique. Focus on teaching proper technique, re-design of age-appropriate balls with reduced weight, and strict avoidance of head contact with fast, rising balls kicked at close range can substantially reduce the risk of subtle brain injury.

After the 1990’s, the changes in the football world had helped to develop and to grow the economy of football rapidly. The development of digital broadcasting led to build a bigger commercial structure. With the effect of those changes, commercial incomes, sponsor revenues, stadium and facilities incomes, and betting incomes have increased over time. This rapid change also brings several problems. UEFA has published UEFA criteria in order to protect football’s sustainability and viability in a long term. Depending on license criteria that is published by UEFA, it has used a road map for football clubs, regarding of corporate structure of UEFA to work, that identified the general rules like in a company structure and management that should be all the necessary factors of production in a systematic and effective way in order to transform football clubs to a corporate organization and make them sustainable. With this out of the common guide explains readers how to run a club in today’s demanding, high competitive and high-tech environment and, establish its brand, and bring in the revenue required to ensure long-term success.Those who manage and lead clubs will find that they can improve a successful business plan of their club mission and have the instruments to develop and sustain organizations that are feasible and financially wealthy and that satisfy the needs of footballer and those who support them.&nbsp

The thesis is focused on identifying the basic assumptions for successful participation of Czech Football clubs in European competitions. One of the main motivations is the financial reward resulting from participation in European competitions. Basic assumptions are found in the team axis and their representative experience in team selection U16-U21, in the ideal age average of the basic assemblies, opponents' playability from the point of view of their nationality and an estimate of the progress of Czech teams in future years against teams by nationality. The results of the thesis clearly show that if the assumptions mentioned above are fulfilled separately the possibilities of success for the Czech teams are small. It is really important to combine these assumptions in one complex at the same time. There is not calculated with the influences we can not predict but may significantly affect the results in the competition . It is possible to estimate the success or failure of Czech teams in European team competitions from the result of this work.

Razmotreni su postupci umjeravanja kamere i ispravljanja radijalne distorzije. Postupak temeljen na Zhangovoj metodi upotrebljen je za kalibraciju GoPro Hero 4 kamere te su ostvareni vrlo dobri rezultati. Razvijen je sustav za računanje koordinata igrača na terenu iz videa te vizualizaciju kretanja igrača. Camera calibration and radial distortion correction procedures were considered. A procedure based on Zhang's method was used for calibrating GoPro Hero 4 camera and very good results have been obtained. A system for calculating player positions on pitch from video and player movement visualization was developed.

Los estilos de enseñanza y entrenamiento han sido promovidos por docentes/entrenadores en el contexto del deporte y en ocasiones también ha sido objeto de estudio los estados de ansiedad, estudiándose desde diferentes perspectivas. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los estilos de enseñanza aplicados durante el entrenamiento, los niveles de ansiedad estado-rasgo y la relación entre ambas variables, en entrenadores y jugadores de futbol base. Participaron 26 entrenadores y 277 jugadores que además de responder al cuestionario de Teorías Implícitas lo hicieron también sobre el STAIRASGO. Los resultados depararon que los estilos de enseñanza más empleados son el de tipo interpretativo y tradicional; mostrando los futbolistas analizados ansiedad estado-rasgo de tipo normal y alta; observándose que los estilos de enseñanza se distribuyen de forma heterogénea según categoría y el clima de ansiedad (estado-rasgo) generado en los jugadores, no mostró relación alguna, apareciendo en las categorías una ansiedad similar al igual que sucede con los estilos de enseñanza Teaching styles and training have been promoted by teachers / trainers in the context of sport and sometimes has also been studied anxiety states, studying from different perspectives. The aim of this study was to evaluate teaching styles applied during training, levels of state-trait anxiety and the relationship between the two variables, coaches and football players base. Attended by 26 coaches and 277 players in addition to responding to the questionnaire also they made implicit theories about the STAI-TRAIT. The results showed that teaching styles more employees are interpretive and traditional type; showing the players analyzed state-trait anxiety normal and high type; observed that teaching styles are distributed unevenly by category and climate of anxiety (state-trait) generated in the players showed no relation, appearing in categories similar to as with teaching styles anxiety.

U radu je dan kratak uvod u polje računalnog vida te njegovu primjenu u analizi nogometnih utakmica. Općenito su opisane glavne metode u detekciji objekata u slikama. Zatim je opisana jedna implementacija sustava za detekciju igrača u nogometnim utakmicama te je ona uspoređena s nekim drugim implementacijama. Na kraju su opisani rezultati te komentirane neke mogućnosti poboljšanja. This paper provides a brief introduction to the field of computer vision and its application in the analysis of football videos. Some basic methods in object detection are mentioned and briefly explained here. Afterwords one implementation of football player detection system is described and compared with some other systems. At the end results of this implementation are shown, shortly explained and some points for future improvements are mentioned.

[Resumen]Los estilos de enseñanza y entrenamiento han sido promovidos por docentes/entrenadores en el contexto del deporte y en ocasiones también ha sido objeto de estudio los estados de ansiedad, estudiándose desde diferentes perspectivas. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los estilos de enseñanza aplicados durante el entrenamiento, los niveles de ansiedad estado-rasgo y la relación entre ambas variables, en entrenadores y jugadores de futbol base. Participaron 26 entrenadores y 277 jugadores que además de responder al cuestionario de Teorías Implícitas lo hicieron también sobre el STAI-RASGO. Los resultados depararon que los estilos de enseñanza más empleados son el de tipo interpretativo y tradicional; mostrando los futbolistas analizados ansiedad estado-rasgo de tipo normal y alta; observándose que los estilos de enseñanza se distribuyen de forma heterogénea según categoría y el clima de ansiedad (estado-rasgo) generado en los jugadores, no mostró relación alguna, apareciendo en las categorías una ansiedad similar al igual que sucede con los estilos de enseñanza [Abstract] Teaching styles and training have been promoted by teachers / trainers in the context of sport and sometimes has also been studied anxiety states, studying from different perspectives. The aim of this study was to evaluate teaching styles applied during training, levels of state-trait anxiety and the relationship between the two variables, coaches and football players base. Attended by 26 coaches and 277 players in addition to responding to the questionnaire also they made implicit theories about the STAI-TRAIT. The results showed that teaching styles more employees are interpretive and traditional type; showing the players analyzed state-trait anxiety normal and high type; observed that teaching styles are distributed unevenly by category and climate of anxiety (state-trait) generated in the players showed no relation, appearing in categories similar to as with teaching styles anxiety.

This thesis is focused on comparing successful implementation of selected basic offensive actions selected ten players Synot league with a success rate of ten selected football players is world class. The work is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part describes the individual game activities and their implementation. It is described here briefly our highest football competition - Synot League. In the practical part interprets the results of observation and comparison of players in designated pairs, with each brief summary of its successful execution of individual gaming activities.

To better understand the risk and safety of heading a soccer ball, the author created a set of simple mathematical models based upon Newton�s second law of motion to describe the physics of heading. These models describe the player, the ball, the flight of the ball before impact, the motion of the head and ball during impact, and the effects of all of these upon the intensity and the duration of acceleration of the head. The calculated head accelerations were compared to those during presumably safe daily activities of jumping, dancing, and head nodding and also were related to established criteria for serious head injury from the motor vehicle crash literature. The results suggest heading is usually safe but occasionally dangerous, depending on key characteristics of both the player and the ball. Safety is greatly improved when players head the ball with greater effective body mass, which is determined by a player�s size, strength, and technique. Smaller youth players, because of their lesser body mass, are more at risk of potentially dangerous headers than are adults, even when using current youth size balls. Lower ball inflation pressure reduces risk of dangerous head accelerations. Lower pressure balls also have greater “touch” and “playability”, measured in terms of contact time and contact area between foot and ball during a kick. Focus on teaching proper technique, the re-design of age-appropriate balls for young players with reduced weight and inflation pressure, and avoidance of head contact with fast, rising balls kicked at close range can substantially reduce risk of subtle brain injury in players who head soccer balls.

The experience is as an important predictor of the football coach efficacy. To study its relevance in valuation of efficacy factors we used the CESp (Duarte et al., 2010), an adapted version of the Coaching Efficacy Scale (CES), of Feltz et al. (1999), in a sample of 60 football coaches from different competitive levels working in Portugal, which were categorized according to their experience as players (professionals and non-professionals) and as coaches (high and reduced). Based on the analysis of the results it was concluded that: 1) professional experience as a player does not interfere in valuing of the efficacy factors; 2) professional experience as a coach involves a factor´s different valuation, with a significance level on character factor; 3 ) coaches with less experience as athletes and coaches shows less consistency in the practical application of the factors with regard to their hierarchy and frequency of its use. This is a study that allows a deeper understanding of the importance of experience in football coach performance, emphasizing the need to consider the different levels of experience in coach training, and still require subsequent studies, particulary with coaches who work in other contexts, in order to better support the applicability of the results.

Name:Use of Didactic Styles in the Training Process of Football Youth The Aim of the Thesis: The work is aimed at the use of didactic styles in the training process of football youth in connection with quality improvement of the training unit. By means of the video camera I will watch, evaluate and compare two football coaches of youth categories working for the Bohemians 1905 Club. Further, the target is to carry out a model training unit using a wide range of didactic styles. Methodology: In order to reach the results I will use two methods. The first method lies in watching and making video recordings which will be consequently noted down and analysed. The second method consists in questioning the coaches using the form of a short half structured interview. Results: The work results deal with comparing the work of two coaches focusing on the frequency of using the didactic control styles during youth football training units. Coach Peter, who used the didactic styles more often during training units, reached better results than coach Filip. After evaluating the results I recorded together with coach Peter a model training unit for didactic styles in order to have a feedback for the coaches. The DVD recording is enclosed to this work. Key Words: Football, didactic control styles, coach, player,...

Injuries are part of the most serious kinds public health problems. According to the available statistical data, over five million people around the world die from their injuries every year. Over the past few decades, more attention has been paid to the worldwide problem of injuries. However, there are still certain kinds of injury which have been omitted. These are injuries related to sport. This bachelor{\crq}s thesis focuses on the injuries of children that are related to football. Football is understood to be a relatively safe sport, even if the efficiency standards for being a good football player are ever more demanding. Sport activites are a very important part of our lives. Thanks to the cooperation with the TJ Lokomotiva Football Club of České Budějovice, the data, opinions and information related to the injuries of the players and coaches from this football club has been collected. A questionnaire was used to obtain this data. The collected data was analyzed and it has been discovered that the children and the coaches are mainly aware of the risk of injury, but they think that injuries are a necessary part of the game. The rate of injuries rises with the age of the player because the game tends to be more aggressive. This research proved that the players have very little information regarding injury prevention, which is contrary to that knowledge which the coaches have regarding injury prevention. This information could be helpful in preparing preventive programmes for children who participate in some kind of collective sport activity and it can also be helpfu to the coaches or club managers as well.