Search

This study is premised on Indonesia's climate goal amidst good economic performance. To test the environmental implication of this macroeconomic performance of Indonesia, we adopt Indonesian quarterly data of 1990Q1–2018Q4 for empirical analysis. Relevant instruments in the economic performance of Indonesia such as urbanization, foreign direct investment (FDI), and renewable energy source are all adopted for accurate estimations and analysis of this topic. Different approaches (structural break test, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL)-bounds testing and Granger causality) are all adopted in this study. Our analysis and policy recommendations are based on the short-run and long-run ARDL dynamics and Granger causality. Findings from ARDL confirmed negative relationship between carbon emission and renewable energy source, FDI, and urbanization. Also, a U-shape instead of inverted U-shaped EKC is found confirming the impeding implication of Indonesian economic growth to its environmental performance if not checkmate. From Granger causality analysis, all the variables are seen transmitting to urbanization in a one-way causal relationship. Also, FDI and renewable energy prove to be essential determinants of the country's environment development; hence, FDI is seen transmitting to both energy sources (fossil fuels and renewables) in a one-way causal relationship. Renewable energy is as well seen having two ways causal relationship with both carbon emission and fossil fuels. This result has equally exposed the significant position of the three instruments (urbanization, FDI, and renewable energy source) in Indonesian environment development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research work is developed with interest on the performance of Turkish sustainable development amidst high inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI) and excessive usage of fossil fuels (crude oil and gas). Turkey has been identified as among the countries yet to ratify their agreements with both Kyoto and Paris agreements in fight to reduce the global warming. It is essential to investigate to know if Turkey is promoting climate change as could be among the reason why it fails to work in line the agreement to reduce the global warming. The authors adopted quantile regression (QR) to study the linear relationship that exist among the selected variables in order to have a valid conclusion on the stand of the Turkey towards the control of global warming. Our findings are: A negatively significant relationship between the carbon emission and the agriculture in the all the quantiles except the 90% quantile which shows a positive relationship. Also, the ordinary least square (OLS) estimate which acts as a robust check to the quantile findings confirms a negative relationship between the carbon emission and agriculture. A positively significant relationship is established between energy use and carbon emission in all the quantiles. EU (energy use) is statistically significant for the 30, 40, 50, 70, 80 and 90% quantiles. EU is more statistically significant for the 90% quantile than lower quantiles. Again, a mixed (both positive and negative) relationship is established between foreign direct investment and carbon emission in all the quantiles which shows that FDI is impacting the Turkish environment a mixed manner. It shows that the foreign investors still engage in both clean and dirty production in Turkey. This finding gives support to both pollution halo/haven hypothesis (PHH) in Turkey. However, a 1% point increase in GDP per capita increases the carbon emission both in the 10% quantiles and OLS by 2.82 and 2.797% respectively. This shows a positive relationship that exist between GDP per capita and the carbon emission. GDP is statistically significant for all quantiles, and show that there is a strong relationship between CO2 and GDP. Turkish sustainable policies should focus on promotion of clean FDI and agricultural practice with economic growth anchored on renewable energy sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This present study is motivated by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN‐SDGs) that concerns pertinent issues that comprises environmental sustainability (SDG‐13), sustainable development (SGD‐8), and responsible consumption (SDG‐11), among others. To this end, this study examines the long‐run and causality linkage between renewable and non‐renewable energy, foreign direct investment, and economic globalisation in a carbon‐income framework by use of both carbon dioxide emission and ecological footprint as a determinant for environmental degradation for E7 countries. Furthermore, a series of panel econometrics panel tests in conjunction with quantile regression is used to explore the relationship between the outlined variables for annual frequency data from 1990 to 2016. Empirical results trace a long‐run equilibrium relationship among the highlighted variables as reported by Westerlund (2007). Additionally, this study gives credence and validates the pollution haven for the emerging (E7) countries examined, thus, implying the detrimental effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on quality of environment in E7 economies. Interestingly, we observe that investment in renewable energy consumption will improve environmental quality. This outcome resonates with the advocacy of UN‐SDGs‐7, 11, 12, and 13, where emphasis is placed on responsible energy consumption (renewables), access to clean energy, and climate change mitigation. Conclusively, these revelations suggest the chase for adoption of low‐carbon development technologies and strategies in E7 countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study examines the effect caused by potential shock arising from the Australia's 'Direct Action' policy in renewable energy, fossil fuel energy, and foreign direct investment (FDI). Considering the Australia's stake in the energy industrial chain system (production, distribution and marketing) that is majorly fossil fuel-based (coal and gas), it can be said that Australia is occupying a strategic position in the global climate development. For effective investigation and discussion of the findings from this study, we utilized the country's national data of 1996Q1-2018Q4 with different scientific approaches (such as structural break test and short- and long run asymmetric relationships). Emphasis on the findings and discussions is based on both the short run and long inferences arising from positive and negative shocks. The result informed that economic growth and FDI are found to negatively affect environmental quality in Australia by increasing the country's carbon emissions. This observation is inherent when there are positive and negative shocks on economic growth while only a positive shock on FDI creates an environmental effect. Further into the findings is the mitigating power of Australian renewable energy sources in its economic and environmental development. This is confirmed with positive shocks to renewable energy reducing carbon emission at the level of 23 percent while the negative shock increases carbon emissions by 16 percent. The findings imply that the economic activities and FDI penetration in Australia are done in energy cum carbon intensive ground. Additionally, evidence shows that energy transition policy is vital towards the achievement of Australian climate goal of 2030 as such a negative shock on alternative energy development such as limited energy financing and reduction or discontinued clean technology subsidies should be discouraged. • Australia's carbon neutrality ambition is examined. • Economic growth and FDI spur environmental damage. • Positive and negative shocks on economic growth hampers environmental quality. • Positive shock on FDI creates an environmental degradation. • Positive (negative) shocks to renewable energy mitigates (spur) carbon emission by 23% (16%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]