Search

We perform a phenomenological analysis of the observable consequences on the extended scalar sector of the SMASH (Standard Model - Axion - Seesaw - Higgs portal inflation) framework. We solve the vacuum metastability problem in a suitable region of SMASH scalar parameter spaces and discuss the one-loop correction to triple Higgs coupling $\lambda_{HHH}$. We also find that the correct neutrino masses and mass squared differences and baryonic asymmetry of the universe can arise from this model and consider running of the Yukawa couplings of the model. In fact, we perform a full two-loop renormalization group analysis of the SMASH model., Comment: 22 pages, 10 figures

We present a new cosmological model of the Universe based on the two discoveries: 1. cosmological constant is very small, and 2. Nature shows a new law in physics called "Multiple Point Principle" (MPP). The MPP predicts the two degenerate vacua of the Universe with VEV $v_1\approx 246$ Gev and $v_2\sim 10^{18}$ GeV, which provide masses of the Higgs boson and top-quark. A new cosmological model assumes the formation of two universal bubbles. The Universe at first stage of its existing is a bubble with a de-Sitter spacetime inside, having black-holes-hedgehogs as topological defects of the vacuum. Such a bubble has a "false vacuum" with VEV $v_2$, which decays very quickly. Cooling Universe has a new phase transition, transforming the "false" vacuum to the "true" (Electroweak) vacuum. Hedgehogs confined, and the universal bubble is transformed into the bubble having spacetime with FLRW-metric and the vacuum with new topological defects of $U(1)_{(el-mag)}$ group: magnetic vortices and Sidharth's pointlike defects. The problem of stability/metastability of the EW-vacuum is investigated. Noncommutativity of the vacua spacetime manifold is discussed. The prediction of a new physics is given by the future observations at LHC of the triplet $SU(2)$ Higgs bosons (at energies $E\sim 10$ TeV), and/or of the new bound states $6t + 6\bar t$ formed by top-antitop quarks (at $E\sim 1$ TeV). The problem "What comes beyond the Standard Model" is discussed at the end of this paper., 22 pages, 4 figures, Presented in International Conference "Physics 2018" on January 16, 2018 at "International Institute of Applicable Mathematics and Information Sciences, B.M. Birla Science Centre, Adarsh Nagar, 500063 Hyderabad, India"

In the present paper, assuming the Multiple Point Principle (MPP) as a new law of Nature, we considered the existence of the two degenerate vacua of the Universe: a) the first Electroweak (EW) vacuum at $v_1\approx 246$ GeV -- "true vacuum", and b) the second Planck scale "false vacuum" at $v_2 \sim 10^{18}$ GeV. In these vacua we investigated different topological defects. The main aim of this paper is an investigation of the black-hole-hedgehogs configurations as defects of the false vacuum. In the framework of the $f(R)$ gravity, described by the Gravi-Weak unification model, we considered a black-hole solution, which corresponds to a "hedgehog" -- global monopole, that has been "swallowed" by the black-hole with mass core $M_{BH}\sim 10^{18}$ GeV and radius $\delta\sim 10^{-21}$ GeV$^{-1}$. Considering the results of the hedgehog lattice theory in the framework of the $SU(2)$ Yang-Mills gauge-invariant theory with hedgehogs in the Wilson loops, we have used the critical value of temperature for the hedgehogs confinement phase ($T_c\sim 10^{18}$ GeV). This result gave us the possibility to conclude that the SM shows a new physics (with contributions of the $SU(2)$-triplet Higgs bosons) at the scale $\sim 10$ TeV. Theory predicts the stability of the EW-vacuum and the accuracy of the MPP., Comment: 32 pages, 3 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1605.01169; text overlap with arXiv:1002.4275, arXiv:hep-lat/0512030 by other authors

In the present paper we argue that the correction to the Higgs mass coming from the bound state of 6 top and 6 anti-top quarks, predicted early by C.D. Froggatt, H.B. Nielsen and L.V. Laperashvili, leads to the Standard Model (SM) vacuum stability and confirms the accuracy of the multiple point principle (principle of degenerate vacua) for all experimentally valued SM parameters (Higgs mass, top-quark mass, etc.). The aim to get the vacua degeneracy requires a mass of the bound state in the region of 770 GeV., 18 pages, 6 figures, Presented by Larisa Laperashvili at the "Winter School on Astronomy", organized by B M Birla Science Center, India, and Dept.of Physics & Astronomy, Western University, Canada, February 20-23, 2017, Hyderabad, India

The recent data indicate that the neutrino mixing angle $��_{23}$ deviates from the maximal-mixing value of 45$^\circ$, showing two nearly degenerate solutions, one in the lower octant (LO) ($��_{23}45^\circ$). We investigate, using numerical simulations, the prospects for determining the octant of $��_{23}$ in the future long baseline oscillation experiments. We present our results as contour plots on the ($��_{23}-45^\circ$, $��$)--plane, where $��$ is the $CP$ phase, showing the true values of $��_{23}$ for which the octant can be experimentally determined at 3$\,��$, 2$\,��$ and 1$\,��$ confidence level. In particular, we study the impact of the possible nonunitarity of neutrino mixing on the experimental determination of $��_{23}$ in those experiments., 17 pages, 5 figures

We investigate the prospects for determining the octant of $��_{23}$ in the future long baseline oscillation experiments. We present our results as contour plots on the ($��_{23}-45^\circ$, $��$)--plane, where $��$ is the CP phase, showing the true values of $��_{23}$ for which the octant can be experimentally determined at 3$\,��$, 2$\,��$ and 1$\,��$ confidence level, in particular, the impact of the non-unitarity of neutrino mixing., 3 pages, 1 figure, to be appeared in the Proceedings of the Eighteenth Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics, Twelfth International Meeting on Problems of Intelligentsia: "The Future of the Intelligentsia", Dedicated to the 25th Anniversary of Lomonosov Conferences, Moscow State University, Moscow, 24 - 30 August, 2017

In the present paper we develop a model of the Higgs inflation based on the non-minimal coupling of the Higgs boson to gravity predicted by Graviweak Unification. But later we get rid of the non-minimal coupling to gravity by making the conformal transformation from the Jordan frame to the Einstein frame. We construct a self-consistent $Spin(4,4)$-invariant model of the unification of gravity with weak $SU(2)$ interactions in the assumption of the existence of visible and invisible sectors of the Universe. Assuming the interaction between the ordinary and mirror Higgs fields, we develop a special Hybrid model of inflation. According to this model, the inflaton starts trapped from the "false vacuum" of the Universe at the Higgs field VEV $v\sim 10^{18}$ GeV (in the visible world). Then the inflations of the two Higgs doublet fields, visible $\phi$ and mirror $\phi'$, lead to the emergence of the Standard Model vacua at the Electroweak scales with the Higgs boson VEVs $v_1\approx 246$ GeV and $v'_1=\zeta v_1$ in the visible and invisible worlds, respectively. Considering the results of cosmology and calculating the number of e-folds $N^*$, we predict $\zeta\simeq 100-115$ for $N^*\simeq 50-60$, in agreement with previous results of the model with broken mirror parity. We also consider RGEs, taking into account the mixing term - the interaction between the ordinary and mirror Higgs bosons, assuming the smallness of the mixing coupling., Comment: 25 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1503.03911; text overlap with arXiv:1002.4275, arXiv:1412.3811 by other authors

In the present paper we develop the self-consistent $Spin(4,4)$-invariant model of the unification of gravity with weak $SU(2)$ interactions in the assumption of the existence of visible and invisible sectors of the Universe. It was shown that the consequences of the multiple point principle predicting two degenerate vacua in the Standard Model (SM) suggest a theory of Inflation, in which the inflaton field $\sigma$ starts trapped in a cold coherent state in the "false vacuum" of the Universe at the value of the Higgs field's VEV $v\sim 10^{18}$ GeV (in the visible world). Then the inflations of the two Higgs doublet fields, visible $\phi$ and mirror $\phi'$, lead to the emergence of the SM vacua at the Electroweak scales with the Higgs boson VEVs $v_1\approx 246$ GeV and $v'_1=\zeta v_1$ (with $\zeta \sim 100$) in the visible and invisible worlds, respectively., Comment: 9 pages

According to the recent results of the neutrino oscillation experiment MINOS, the neutrino mixing angle $��_{23}$ may not be maximal ($45^{\circ}$). Two nearly degenerate solutions are possible, one in the lower octant (LO) where $��_{23}45^{\circ}$. Long baseline experiments measuring the $��_��\rightarrow��_{e}$ are capable of resolving this degeneracy. In this work we study the potential of the planned European LBNO experiment to distinguish between the LO and HO solutions., 12 pages, 8 figures in two sets

The flatness of the SuperKamiokande neutrino electron scattering spectrum and the apparent downturn of the charged current spectrum in the SNO data which the Large Mixing Angle solution (LMA) to the solar neutrino problem fails to predict are analysed in the context of an extension to the standard electroweak model with light sterile neutrinos. It is found that a sterile neutrino which is quasi degenerate with the active ones with $\Delta m^2_{41}=10^{-5}eV^2$ and mixing $sin\theta_{14}=0.04$ provides a suitable improvement to the LMA data fits., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, contribution to EPS Conference on High Energy Physics-EPS-HEP2013, 18-24 July 2013, Stockholm, Sweden

We investigate the possibilities offered by the long baseline experiments T2K, No$\nu$a, LBNE and LAGUNA for the evaluation of the neutrino mass hierarchy and CP violating phase $\delta_{CP}$. We consider a neutrino and antineutrino energy in the interval [0.5,12] GeV. It is found that the clearest possible distinction between the two hierarchy signatures is provided by LAGUNA for an (anti)neutrino energy $E_{(\bar\nu)\nu}\simeq 0.5$ GeV in the $(\bar\nu_{\mu} \rightarrow \bar\nu_{\mu}) \nu_{\mu}\rightarrow \nu_{\mu}$ disappearance channel. For LBNE at $E_{\bar\nu}\simeq 1$ GeV the $\bar\nu_{\mu}\rightarrow \bar\nu_{\mu}$ channel may also provide a distinction, although not so clear, and for No$\nu$a this may be even less clear. These results are essentially the same for the $\theta_{23}$ first and second octant solutions. As for $\delta_{CP}$ determination, LAGUNA also offers the best chances at $E_{\bar\nu}\simeq 0.5$ GeV in the $\bar\nu_{\mu}\rightarrow \bar\nu_{e}$ channel with $\theta_{23}$ in either octant. Regarding nonstandard interactions, the best possibility for their investigation resides in No$\nu$a whose source-far detector distance can become a magic baseline if the hierarchy is normal for channels $\nu_{\mu}\rightarrow \nu_{\mu}$, $\bar\nu_{\mu}\rightarrow \bar\nu_{e}$, $\bar\nu_{\mu}\rightarrow \bar\nu_{\mu}$ with energy (8.9-9.1) GeV, (11.6-12) GeV, (8.8-12) GeV. If the hierarchy is inverse, magic baselines for No$\nu$a occur for $\nu_{\mu}\rightarrow \nu_{e}$, $\nu_{\mu}\rightarrow \nu_{\mu}$, and $\bar\nu_{\mu}\rightarrow \bar\nu_{\mu}$ with energy (11.8-12) GeV, (8.9-12.3) GeV, (8.8-8.9) GeV. For LAGUNA a magic baseline appears for the $\bar\nu_{\mu}\rightarrow \bar\nu_{\mu}$ channel only at (4.7-5.0) GeV in inverse hierarchy. We have also investigated a possible complementarity between T2K and No$\nu$a., Comment: 26 pages, 10 figures

We construct a model unifying gravity with weak $SU(2)$ gauge and "Higgs" scalar fields. We assume the existence of a visible and an invisible (hidden) sector of the Universe. We used the extension of Plebanski's 4-dimensional gravitational theory, in which the fundamental fields are two-forms containing tetrads, spin connections and additional auxiliary fields. Considering a $Spin(4,4)$ invariant extended Plebanski action, we recover the actions in both (visible and invisible) sectors of the Universe. After symmetry breaking of the graviweak (GW) unification, its physical constants (Newton's constants, cosmological constants, YM-couplings, etc.), are determined by a parameter $g_{uni}$ of the GW unification. It is discussed that if this "Higgs" field coming in the GW unification could be the Higgs of the Standard Model, then the idea that its vacuum value could be, according to the Multiple Point Principle, a second minimum of the Higgs field effective potential, turns out not to be viable. Then other scalar "Higgs" field, giving the inflation and axion fields, has a Planck scale expectation value, and could have a better chance of being the scalar field unified with gravity., Comment: 55 pages, 2 figures, International Conference of RAS, Protvino, Russian Federation, November 5-8, 2013

It was shown: 1) that the mass of the Higgs boson discovered by LHC corresponds to the stability conditions of the SM vacua and to the Multiple Point Principle, according to which all vacua of the SM are degenerate, or almost degenerate; 2) that early predicted by authors new bound states (NBS) of the 6 top and 6 anti-top quarks ("T-fireballs"), which are formed by their intermediate interactions with the Higgs bosons, manifest themselves in the production of multijets in pp-collisions at LHC. The CMS experiment of LHC with the production of 10 jets can be explained by the production of pairs of these NBS along with the production of pairs of the top-anti-top quarks. 3) Also it was shown that the next indication of the possible existence of the NBS can be the decay $H\to \gamma\gamma$, which was observed by CMS-collaboration of LHC. We have considered the contributions of the one-loop diagrams to the width $\Gamma_{H\to \gamma\gamma}$, taking into account the contributions of the T-fireballs along the contributions of the known SM-particles., Comment: 23 pages, 7 figures, A talk submitted to the Conference "Quarkonium-2012", Moscow, Russia, RAS-MEPHI, November, 12 - 16, 2012

A talk presents a new cosmological model with superstring-inspired $E_6$ unification, broken at the early stage of the Universe into $SO(10)\times U(1)_Z$ -- into the ordinary world, and $SU(6)'\times SU(2)'_{\theta}$ -- into the hidden world., Comment: 132 pages and 7 figures. A talk is given by Larisa Laperashvili at the ITEP Theoretical seminar on April, 18, 2011, Moscow, RF

We study the effect of both Z and Z'-mediated flavor-changing neutral currents (FCNCs) on the $ lambda_b arrow lambda l^+l^- (l = mu, tau) $ rare decay. We find the branching ratio is reasonably enhanced from its standard model value due to the effect of both Z and Z'-mediated FCNCs, and gives the possibility of new physics beyond the standard model. The contribution of Z'-boson depends upon the precise value of the mass of Z' boson., Comment: 14 pages

We study the effect of -mediated flavor-changing neutral current on the decays. The branching ratios of these decays can be enhanced remarkably in the non-universal model. Our estimated branching ratios are enhanced significantly from their standard model (SM) value. For = 1, the branching ratios are very close to the recently observed experimental values and for higher values of branching ratios are more. Our calculated branching ratios and are also enhanced from the SM value as well as the recently observed experimental values. These enhancements of branching ratios from their SM value give the possibility of new physics., Comment: 14 pages, 5 tables

$B_q^0-B_^0 bar$ mixing offers a profound probe into the effects of new physics beyond the Standard Model. In this paper, $B_s^0-B_s^0 bar$ and $B_d^0-B_d^0 bar$ mass differences are considered taking the effect of both Z-and Z' -mediated flavour-changing neutral currents in the $B_q^0-B_q^0 bar$ mixing (q = d, s). Our estimated mass of Z' boson is accessible at the experiments LHC and B-factories in near future., Comment: 11 pages, 02 Figures

It has been known for some time that the well established LMA solution to the observed solar neutrino deficit fails to predict a flat energy spectrum for SuperKamiokande as opposed to what the data indicates. It also leads to a Chlorine rate which appears to be too high as compared to the data. We investigate the possible solution to these inconsistencies with non standard neutrino interactions, assuming that they come as extra contributions to the $\nu_{\alpha}\nu_{\beta}$ and $\nu_{\alpha}e$ vertices that affect both the propagation of neutrinos in the sun and their detection. We find that, among the many possibilities for non standard couplings, only the diagonal imaginary ones lead to a solution to the tension between the LMA predictions and the data, implying neutrino instability in the solar matter. Unitarity requirements further restrict the solution and a neutrino decay into an antineutrino and a majoron within the sun is the one favoured. Antineutrino probability is however too small to open the possibility of experimentally observing antineutrinos from the sun due to NSI., Comment: 27 pages, 8 figures. Final version to be published in Physical Review D

It has been known for some time that the well established LMA solution to the observed solar neutrino deficit fails to predict a flat energy spectrum for SuperKamiokande as opposed to what the data indicates. It also leads to a Chlorine rate which appears to be too high as compared to the data. We investigate the possible solution to these inconsistencies with non standard neutrino interactions, assuming that they come as extra contributions to the $\nu_{\alpha}\nu_{\beta}$ and $\nu_{\alpha}e$ vertices that affect both the propagation of neutrinos through solar matter and their detection. We find that, among the many possibilities for non standard couplings, only one of them leads to a flat SuperKamiokande spectral rate in better agreement with the data and predicts a Chlorine rate within 1$\sigma$ of the observed one, while keeping all other predictions accurate.

The present paper is based on the assumption that heavy quarks bound states exist in the Standard Model (SM). Considering New Bound States (NBS) of top-anti-top quarks (named T-balls) we have shown that: 1) there exists the scalar 1S-bound state of 6t+6\bar t; 2) the forces which bind the top-quarks are very strong and almost completely compensate the mass of the twelve top-anti-top-quarks in the scalar NBS; 3) such strong forces are produced by the Higgs-top-quarks interaction with a large value of the top-quark Yukawa coupling constant g_t\simeq 1. Theory also predicts the existence of the NBS 6t + 5\bar t, which is a color triplet and a fermion similar to the t'-quark of the fourth generation. We have also considered the "b-quark-replaced" NBS. We have estimated the masses of the lightest fermionic NBS: M_{NBS}\gtrsim 300 GeV, and discussed the larger masses of T-balls. Searching for heavy quarks bound states at the Tevatron and LHC is discussed., Comment: 17 pages, 7 figures, A talk given at the 14th Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics, Moscow, 19 - 25 August, 2009

Crystalline Si substrates are studied for pressure induced phase transformation under indentation at room temperature using Berkovich tip. Raman scattering study is used for the identification of the transformed phases. Raman line as well as area mapping are used for locating the phases in the indented region. Calculation of pressure contours in the indented region is used for understanding the phase distribution. We report here a comprehensive study of all the phases of Si, reported so far, leading to possible understanding of material properties useful for possible electromechanical applications. As a major finding, distribution of amorphous phase in the indented region deviates from the conventional wisdom of being in the central region alone. We present phase mapping results for both Si(100) and Si(111) substrates., 12 pages, 6 figures, Submitted in Journal

The prevalent role of force in traditional quantum mechanics is outlined, with special reference to approximate calculations for stationary states. It will be explored how far this force concept can be made useful in the concerned area. The basic idea is to differentiate the Schroedinger stationary equation once. Thus, one can eliminate the unknown energy as well, and then examine how a force-based approach can be beneficial in providing quickly the nodal information and in assessing the quality of an approximate function. Further, it will be demonstrated how the minimization of a suitable quantity derived from force may constitute a variational principle for bound states. The strategy applies also to Siegert states where traditional energy extremization principle ceases to work. Additionally, the utility of the force concept in semiclassical mechanics will be investigated.

The present talk is based on the assumption that New Bound States (NBSs) of top-anti-top quarks (named T-balls) exist in the Standard Model (SM): a) there exists the scalar 1S - bound state of 6t+6\bar t - the bound state of 6 top-quarks with their 6 anti-top-quarks; b) the forces which bind these top-quarks are very strong and almost completely compensate the mass of the 12 top-anti-top-quarks forming this bound state; c) such strong forces are produced by the interactions of top-quarks via the virtual exchange of the scalar Higgs bosons having the large value of the top-quark Yukawa coupling constant g_t\simeq 1. Theory also predicts the existence of the NBS 6t + 5\bar t, which is a color triplet and a fermion similar to the t'-quark of the fourth generation. We have also considered "b-replaced" NBSs: n_b b + (6t + 6\bar t - n_b t) and n'_b b + (6t + 5\bar t - n'_b t), etc. We have estimated the masses of the lightest "b-replaced" NBS: M_{NBS}\simeq (300 - 400) GeV, and discussed the larger masses of the NBSs. We have developed a theory of the scalar T-ball's condensate, and predicted the existence of the three SM phases, calculating the top-quark Yukawa coupling constant at the border of two phases (with T-ball's condensate and without it) equal to: g_t \approx 1. The searching for the Higgs boson H and T-balls at the Tevatron and LHC is discussed., Comment: 43 pages, 20 figures

In the present talk we have developed a concept of parallel ordinary (O) and mirror (M) worlds. We have shown that in the case of a broken mirror parity (MP), the evolutions of fine structure constants in the O- and M-worlds are not identical. It is assumed that E_6-unification inspired by superstring theory restores the broken MP at the scale \sim 10^{18} GeV, what unavoidably leads to the different E_6-breakdowns at this scale: E_6 \to SO(10)\times U(1)_Z - in the O-world, and E'_6 \to SU(6)'\times SU(2)'_Z - in the M-world. Considering only asymptotically free theories, we have presented the running of all the inverse gauge constants \alpha_i^{-1} in the one-loop approximation. Then a `quintessence' scenario is discussed for the model of accelerating universe. Such a scenario is related with an axion (`acceleron') of a new gauge group SU(2)'_Z which has a coupling constant g_Z extremely growing at the scale \Lambda_Z\sim 10^{-3} eV., Comment: 38 pages 4 figs; A talk presented at the Conference of Russian Academy of Sciences: Fundamental Interactions Physics, ITEP, Moscow, Russia, Nov 26-30, 2007

In the present investigation the model of preons and their composites is constructed in the framework of the superstring-inspired flipped E_6\times \tilde E_6 gauge group of symmetry which reveals a generalized dual symmetry. We assume that preons are dyons, which in our model are confined by hyper-magnetic strings - composite N = 1 supersymmetric non-Abelian flux tubes created by the condensation of spreons near the Planck scale. We show that the six types of strings having fluxes \Phi_n = n\Phi_0 (n = \pm 1,\pm 2,\pm 3) produce three generations of composite quark-leptons and bosons. We give an explanation of hierarchies of masses in the Standard Model. The following values of masses obtained in our preonic model: m_t\approx 173 GeV, m_c\approx 1 GeV and m_u\approx 4 MeV, m_b \approx 4 GeV, m_s\approx 140 MeV and m_d\approx 4 MeV, m_\tau\approx 2 GeV \quad and m_\mu \approx 100 MeV, are in agreement with the experimentally known results. The following left-handed neutrino masses are predicted: m_1\approx 1.3\times 10^{-3} eV, m_2\approx 9.2\times 10^{-3} eV, m_3\approx 5.0\times 10^{-2} eV - for direct hierarchy, m_1\approx 0.73\times 10^{-2} eV, m_2\approx 7.4\times 10^{-2} eV, m_3\approx 5.5\times 10^{-2} eV - for inverted hierarchy., Comment: Prepared for the 17th DAE-BRNS High Energy Physics Symposium, IIT, Kharagpur, India, 11-15 December, 2006; 17 pages, 2 figures; P.S: This abstract is shorten due to arXiv restriction

In this work we study an SO(10) GUT model with minimum Higgs representations belonging only to the 210 and 16 dimensional representations of SO(10). We add a singlet fermion S in addition to the usual 16 dimensional representation containing quarks and leptons. There are no Higgs bi-doublets and so charged fermion masses come from one-loop corrections. Consequently all the fermion masses, Dirac and Majorana, are of the see-saw type. We minimize the Higgs potential and show how the left-right symmetry is broken in our model where it is assumed that a D-parity odd Higgs field gets a vacuum expectation value at the grand unification scale. From the renormalization group equations we infer that in our model unification happens at 10^{15} GeV and left-right symmetry can be extended up to some values just above 10^{11} GeV. The Yukawa sector of our model is completely different from most of the standard grand unified theories and we explicitly show how the Yukawa sector will look like in the different phases and briefly comment on the running of the top quark mass. We end with a brief analysis of lepton number asymmetry generated from the interactions in our model., Comment: 30 pages, 10 figures

The quantum Yang-Mills theory, describing a system of fields with non-dual (chromo-electric g) and dual (chromo-magnetic \tilde g) charges and revealing the generalized dual symmetry, is developed by analogy with the Zwanziger formalism in QED. The renormalization group equations (RGEs) for pure nonabelian theories are analysed for both constants, ��= g^2 / 4��and \tilde��= {\tilde g}^2 / 4��. The pure SU(3) \times \widetilde{SU(3)} gauge theory is investigated as an example. We consider not only monopoles, but also dyons. The behaviour of the total SU(3) ��-function is investigated in the whole region of ��\equiv ��_s: 0 \le ��< \infty. It is shown that this ��-function is antisymmetric under the interchange ��\longleftrightarrow 1/��and is given by the well-known perturbative expansion not only for ��\ll 1, but also for ��\gg 1. Using an idea of the Maximal Abelian Projection by t' Hooft, we considered the formation of strings - the ANO flux tubes - in the Higgs model of scalar monopole (or dyon) fields. In this model we have constructed the behaviour of the ��-function in the vicinity of the point ��= 1, where it acquires a zero value. Considering the phase transition points at ��\approx 0.4 and ��\approx 2.5, we give the explanation of the freezing of ��_s. The evolution of ��_s^{-1}(��) and the behaviour of V_{eff}(��) are investigated for both, perturbative and non-perturbative regions of QCD. It was shown that the effective potential has a minimum, ensured by the dual sector of QCD. The gluon condensate F^2_0, corresponding to this minimum, is predicted: F^2_0 \approx 0.15 GeV^4, in agreement with the well-known results., 39 pages, 10 figures

In a class of SUSY SO(10) with $SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R x U(1)_{B-L} x SU(3)_C$ $(g_{2L}\neq g_{2R})$ intermediate gauge symmetry, we observe that the prediction on the unification mass $(M_U)$ is unaffected by Planck-scale-induced gravitational and intermediate-scale-threshold effects, although the intermediate scale $(M_I)$ itself is subject to such corrections. In particular, without invoking the presence of additional lighter scalar degrees of freedom but including plausible and reasonable threshold effects, we find that interesting solutions for neutrino physics corresponding to $M_I\simeq 10^{10}-10^{13}$ GeV and $M_U\simeq (5-6) x 10^{17}$ GeV are permitted in the minimal models. Possibilities of low-mass right-handed gauge bosons corresponding to $M_I\simeq 1-10$ TeV consistent with the CERN-LEP data are pointed out in a number of models when threshold effects are included using effective mass parameters., 12 pages including 7 tables (Typos corrected as per the published version)

Different statistical multifragmentation models have been used to study isoscaling, i.e. the factorization of the isotope ratios from two reactions, into fugacity terms of proton and neutron number, R21(N,Z)=Y2(N,Z)/Y1(N,Z)=C*exp(a*N+b*Z). Even though the primary isotope distributions are quite different from the final distributions due to evaporation from the excited fragments, the values of a and b are not much affected by sequential decays. a is shown to be mainly sensitive to the proton and neutron composition of the emitting source and may be used to study isospin-dependent properties in nuclear collisions such as the symmetry energy in the equation of state of asymmetric nuclear matter.

First we investigate the possibility of detecting solar antineutrinos with the KamLAND experiment. Then we analyze the first Borexino data release to constrain the neutrino magnetic moment. Finally we investigate the resonant spin flavour conversion of solar neutrinos to sterile ones, a mechanism which is added to the well known LMA one. In this last condition, we show that the data from all solar neutrino experiments except Borexino exhibit a clear preference for a sizable magnetic field. We argue that the solar neutrino experiments are capable of tracing the possible modulation of the solar magnetic field. In this way Borexino alone may play an essential role although experimental redundancy from other experiments will be most important., Contribution to the 44th Rencontres de Moriond in the Electroweak 09. 6 pages, 6 figure, moriond.sty included

The mass of a star is the most fundamental parameter for its structure, evolution, and final fate. It is particularly important for any kind of stellar archaeology and characterization of exoplanets. There exist a variety of methods in astronomy to estimate or determine it. In this review we present a significant number of such methods, beginning with the most direct and model-independent approach using detached eclipsing binaries. We then move to more indirect and model-dependent methods, such as the quite commonly used isochrone or stellar track fitting. The arrival of quantitative asteroseismology has opened a completely new approach to determine stellar masses and to complement and improve the accuracy of other methods. We include methods for different evolutionary stages, from the pre-main sequence to evolved (super)giants and final remnants. For all methods uncertainties and restrictions will be discussed. We provide lists of altogether more than 200 benchmark stars with relative mass accuracies between [0.3 , 2] % for the covered mass range of M∈[0.1,16]M⊙, 75 % of which are stars burning hydrogen in their core and the other 25 % covering all other evolved stages. We close with a recommendation how to combine various methods to arrive at a “mass-ladder” for stars., The authors are much indebted to all colleagues participating in the workshop, even though they were not involved in the textual contributions for this review paper. A.S. acknowledges support from Grants ESP2017-82674-R and PID2019-108709GB-I00 (MICINN) and 2017-SGR-1131 (AGAUR). C.A., J.S.G.M., and M.G.P. received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union?s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant agreement no.?670519: MAMSIE) and from the KU?Leuven Research Council (grant C16/18/005: PARADISE). M.B. is supported through the Lise Meitner grant from the Max Planck Society and acknowledges support by the Collaborative Research centre SFB 881 (projects A5, A10), Heidelberg University, of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation). V.S.A. acknowledges support from the Independent Research Fund Denmark (Research grant 7027-00096B) and the Carlsberg foundation (Grant agreement CF19-0649). Funding for the Stellar Astrophysics Centre is provided by The Danish National Research Foundation (Grant agreement No.?DNRF106). D.B., J.C.M., and I.R. acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICIU), and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) through Grants ESP2016-80435-C2-1-R and PGC2018-098153-B-C33, as well as the support of the Generalitat de Catalunya (CERCA programme). N.B. gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Royal Society (University Research Fellowships) and from the European Research Council (ERC-CoG-646928, Multi-Pop). A.E. acknowledges support from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) under contract ZKD1501-00-W01 (Grant no. 792848). D.K.F. acknowledges funds from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation in the framework of the Sofia Kovalevskaja Award endowed by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research and grant 2016-03412 from the Swedish Research Council. D.G. gratefully acknowledges financial support from the CRT foundation under Grant no. 2018.2323 ?Gaseous or rocky? Unveiling the nature of small worlds ?. L.G. acknowledges funding from LSST-Italy and from project MITiC 2015. N.L. was financially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) under Grant number AYA2015-69350-C3-2-P. A.M. acknowledges funding from the European Union?s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No?749962 (project THOT). B.N. is supported by Funda??o para a Ci?ncia e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) under Grant PD/BD/113744/2015 from PhD::SPACE, an FCT PhD program, and by the Alexander von?Humboldt Foundation. Further support from FEDER ? Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional funds through the COMPETE 2020 ? Operacional Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCT ? Funda??o para a Ci?ncia e a Tecnologia in the framework of the Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030389 is also acknowledged. K.P. acknowledges support from the Croatian Science Foundation (HRZZ research Grant IP-2014-09-8656). P-E.T. has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union?s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme n.?677706 (WD3D). The authors thank our colleagues G.?Bono, T.L.?Campante, M.S.?Cunha, P. Das, C.?Johnston, F.?Kiefer, P.?Maxted, M.J.P.F.G.?Monteiro, Th.?Rodrigues, V. Schaffenroth, M. Vu?kovi? for helpful comments and useful discussions. This work presents results from the European Space Agency (ESA) space mission Gaia and from the American National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) space missions Kepler and TESS.