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Publisher Summary Efficient hydrogen storage is a significant challenge inhibiting the use of hydrogen as a primary energy carrier. In general, three main categories of energy storage applications require the use of energy-dense hydrogen storage materials; transportation, portable auxiliary power, and personal electronics. Each of these applications requires relatively high energy and power density capability. This chapter focuses on the automotive applications as these will likely have the most extensive impact on consumer-scale energy storage technologies. Automotive systems are arguably the most challenging energy storage application since the low cost and high performance of current fossil fuel technologies cause consumers to expect similarly plentiful energy and power from new transportation technologies. For automotive systems, current hydrogen storage technologies (liquid and compressed gas) fall short in terms of energy density and cost and do not provide a clear path for efficiency improvement and the resulting increase in energy density. Hydrogen storage technologies that are efficient, low cost, and robust must be developed to enable the use of hydrogen fuel in transportation applications. Solid-state hydrogen storage solutions are theoretically able to store more hydrogen per unit volume than liquid or solid storage systems. Given this potential for high energy density reversible hydrogen storage, significant effort has been applied to develop storage solutions based on this technology.