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Twenty-three strains of Chrysosporium were isolated from soil samples in different provinces of China. Phylogenetic analyses of ITS sequence data showed that these strains comprised nine new species and four already known species. The new species could be also distinguished from related species by their morphology. The results of phylogenetic and morphological analyses confirmed the nine new species of Chrysosporium. Descriptions and illustrations of these new species are provided.

Key to Verruconis species 1. Sexual morph known....................................................................................................................................................... V. mangrovei 1. Sexual morph unknown......................................................................................................................................................................2 2. Intercalary conidia present.......................................................................................................................................... V. guizhouensis 2. Intercalary conidia absent...................................................................................................................................................................3 3. Conidia 1-septate................................................................................................................................................................................4 3. Conidia multi-septate..........................................................................................................................................................................8 4. Conidia> 9.5 μm long........................................................................................................................................................................5 4. Conidia V. calidifluminalis 5. Conidia clavate, subhyaline to pale brown....................................................................................................................... V. gallopava 6. Conidia oblong, pale brown to olivaceous-brown......................................................................................................... V. verruculosa 6. Conidia broadly ellipsoidal, brown....................................................................................................................................................7 7. Conidia with a protuberant hilum, sometimes with a wing-like gelatinous brown sheath............................................. V. thailandica 7. Conidia with the distal end obtuse and proximal end slightly tapered, often asymmetric with a smaller upper cell........ V. terricola 8. Y or T shaped staurosporic branched conidia present.......................................................................................... V. pseudotricladiata 8. Y or T shaped staurosporic branched conidia absent.........................................................................................................................9 9. Conidia> 23 μm long.................................................................................................................................................... V. hainanensis 9. Conidia V. panacis 10. Conidia ellipsoidal to oblong, pale brown to dark brown, rounded at apex, sub-acute at base............................................ V. heveae, Published as part of Shao, Qiu-Yu, Ren, Yu-Lian, Chen, Wan-Hao, Liang, Jian-Dong, Zhang, Yan-Wei, Liang, Zong- Qi & Han, Yan-Feng, 2022, Verruconis guizhouensis sp. nov. (Sympoventuriaceae, Venturiales) from soil in China, pp. 259-267 in Phytotaxa 572 (3) on page 265, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.572.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7322236

Verruconis guizhouensis Q.Y. Shao, Y.F. Han & Z.Q. Liang, sp. nov. (Figure 2) MycoBank No.: MB844571 Type: — CHINA. Guizhou Province, Guiyang City, the rhizosphere soil of potted Viola philippica (N 26°44′, E 106°67′), October 2019, Q. Y. Shao, dried holotype HMAS 351906, ex-holotype CGMCC 3.20874 (= GZUIFR 22.026). Colonies at 25 ° C after 14 d: on PDA, the diameter attaining 20 mm, floccose at center, felty at periphery, brown aerial mycelium; reverse dark brown. On MEA, the diameter attaining 19 mm, velvety, yellowish-brown aerial mycelium, with radial folds or somewhat crateriform; reverse dark brown to almost black, with brown pigment exuded into the agar. On OA, the diameter attaining 17 mm, floccose at center, velvety at periphery, brown to fuliginous aerial mycelium; reverse dark brown, with ochreous pigment exuded into the agar. Vegetative hyphae pale brown, smooth or occasionally verrucose, 1.5–3.0 μm wide, thickened walls, branched, composed of septate. Conidiophores arising from vegetative hyphae, smooth or occasionally verrucose, thick-walled, pale brown, straight or flexuous, simple or occasionally sparsely branched, 0–3-septate, 5–35 × 1.5–2.5 μm. Conidiogenous cells, flask-shaped to cylindrical, 3–12.5 × 1.5–2.5 μm, mostly bearing one conidium, occasionally sympodial and producing conidia on denticles, rhexolytic conidial secession. Conidia ellipsoidal, sometimes ovoidal, subhyaline when immature, pale brown to olivaceous-brown at maturity, coarsely verrucose, thick-walled, 1-septate, darkened and slightly constricted at the septa, 5–10.5 × 3–5 μm (x̅ = 8 × 4 μm, n = 30), often asymmetric, basal cell wider than apical cell. Intercalary conidia are borne on the vegetative hyphae, solitary, ellipsoidal, pale brown to olivaceous-brown, thick-walled, 1-septate, constricted and darkened at the septum, 7.5–11 × 3.5–5 μm (x̅ = 9 × 4 μm, n = 30). Sexual morph not observed. Etymology:— guizhouense, referring to Guizhou Province where the type locality was situated. Additional specimens examined:— CHINA, Guizhou Province, Guiyang City, Guizhou University, N 26°44′, E 106°67′, from rhizosphere soil of potted medicinal plant Viola philippica, October 2019, Q.Y. Shao. The dried cultures GZAC 22.057 and GZAC 22.058 and their living cultures GZUIFR 22.057 and GZUIFR 22.058 deposited in the Institute of Fungus Resources, Guizhou University, China (GZAC). The living cultures were kept in sterile 30% glycerol and deposited in a -80°C freezer. Geographical distribution:— Guizhou Province, China. Notes:— Phylogenetically, the new species is closely related to the clade contains V. verruculosa, V. terricola and V. thailandica (Figure 1). Verruconis guizhouensis is morphologically similar to these three species in having brown, 1-septate, constricted at the septum, verrucose conidia, but some subtle morphological characters may help to differentiate. For example, V. verruculosa has oblong conidia with the rounded ends (Samerpitak et al. 2014), V. terricola has broadly ellipsoidal conidia with the distal end obtuse and proximal end slightly tapered (Shen et al. 2020), and V. thailandica has broadly ellipsoidal conidia with a protuberant hilum and sometimes with a wing-like gelatinous brown sheath (Hernández-Restrepo et al. 2020). Verruconis guizhouensis differs from these three species in that it has intercalary conidia and ovoidal conidia. Morphological and molecular phylogenetic results indicated that these isolates are a new species in the genus Verruconis, described here as V. guizhouensis., Published as part of Shao, Qiu-Yu, Ren, Yu-Lian, Chen, Wan-Hao, Liang, Jian-Dong, Zhang, Yan-Wei, Liang, Zong- Qi & Han, Yan-Feng, 2022, Verruconis guizhouensis sp. nov. (Sympoventuriaceae, Venturiales) from soil in China, pp. 259-267 in Phytotaxa 572 (3) on pages 263-264, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.572.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7322236, {"references":["Samerpitak, K., der Linde, E. V., Choi, H. J., van den Ende, A. H. G. G., Machouart, M., Gueidan, C. & De Hoog, G. S. (2014) Taxonomy of Ochroconis, genus including opportunistic pathogens on humans and animals. Fungal Diversity 65: 89 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13225 - 013 - 0253 - 6","Shen, M., Zhang, J. Q., Zhao, L. L., Groenewald, J. Z., Crous, P. W. & Zhang, Y. (2020) Venturiales. Studies in Mycology 96: 185 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. simyco. 2020.03.001","Hernandez-Restrepo, M., Giraldo, A., van Doorn, R., Wingfield, M. J., Groenewald, J. Z., Barreto, R. W., Colman, A. A., Mansur, P. S. C. & Crous, P. W. (2020) The genera of fungi - G 6: Arthrographis, Kramasamuha, Melnikomyces, Thysanorea, and Verruconis. Fungal Systematics Evolution 6: 1 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.3114 / fuse. 2020.06.01"]}

Key to Acrocalymma species with asexual morph 1. Pycnidia without central ostiole......................................................................................................................................... A. bipolare 1. Pycnidia with central ostiole..............................................................................................................................................................2 2. Conidia without apical appendage......................................................................................................................................................3 2. Conidia with apical appendage...........................................................................................................................................................4 3. Conidia hyaline, subcylindrical, with three vertical eusepta............................................................................................. A. yuxiense 3. Conidia hyaline to brown, cylindrical to fusiform, 1–3 septate............................................................................................ A. vagum 4. Conidia> 5.5 µm wide.......................................................................................................................................................................5 4. Conidia A. hongheense 5. Conidia 17–19 × 5.5–6.5 μm, cylindrical to fusoid............................................................................................................. A. ampeli 6. Conidia> 25 μm long, (25–)28–32(–35) μm...................................................................................................................... A. cycadis 6. Conidia A. fici 7. Conidia without a small flattened central scar at base.......................................................................................................................8 8. Conidia with appendage at each end............................................................................................................................ A. medicaginis 8. Conidia with appendage at one end....................................................................................................................................................9 9. Conidia 3–4 µm wide, with a mucilaginous helmet-shaped appendage........................................................................... A. aquatica 9. Conidia 1.5–2.5 µm wide, with a small flabellate apical appendage.......................................................................... A. guizhouense, Published as part of Shao, Qiu-Yu, Qi, Ying-Hua, Wang, Jing, Yang, Yan-Ming, Zhang, Zhi-Yuan, Chen, Wan-Hao, Liang, Jian-Dong, Liang, Zong-Qi & Han, Yan-Feng, 2022, Acrocalymma guizhouense sp. nov. (Acrocalymmaceae, Dothideomycetes) from soil in China, pp. 229-236 in Phytotaxa 558 (2) on page 234, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.558.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7003013

Acrocalymma guizhouense Q.Y. Shao, Y.F. Han & Z.Q. Liang, sp. nov. (Fig. 2) MycoBank No.: MB843642 Type:— CHINA. Guizhou Province, Guiyang City, Guizhou University, the rhizosphere soil of potted Perilla frutescens (N 26°44′, E 106°67′), 29 August 2019, Q.Y. Shao, dried holotype HMAS 351907, ex-holotype CGMCC 3.208 53 (= GZUIFR H22.027). Colonies on PDA attaining 31 to 33 mm in diameter after 14 days at 25°C, suborbicular, raised, dense, fluffy to velvety with smooth aspects, slightly undulate at the margin, white to light gray, absent pigment and exudates; reverse: black to light brown in the center, white at the margin. Colonies on OA 44 mm diameter after 14 days at 25°C, circular, slightly raised, sparse, fluffy, with a smooth edge, taupe; reverse: brown to light brown. Colonies on MEA attaining 27 to 28 mm diameter after 14 days at 25°C, suborbicular, slightly raised, fluffy, with irregular edge, white to pale yellow; reverse: orange to yellow. Vegetative hyphae septate, hyaline, smooth, 1.0–2.5 μm wide, thin walled with dumbbellshaped or guttulate content. Chlamydospores hyaline, smooth, subglobose or lageniform, with guttulate content, in short to long chains. After 30 days of incubation at 25°C on PDA, the colonies almost covered the whole plate, fluffy, white to light brown, and black granular substances were visible. Through stereoscopic microscope (Motic China Co., Ltd, SZM-171) observation, these granular substances are pycnidia of this strain. Pycnidia 300–400 × 230–300 µm (av. = 353 × 250 μm, n = 10), semi-immersed to superficial, dark brown or black, globose or subglobose, separate but aggregated in clusters, papillate, with a central ostiole. Peridium 18–20 µm wide, composed of 5–8 layers of brown cells, arranged in a textura angularis, thick-walled, cells towards the inside hyaline to lightly pigmented, at the outside, darker. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells 5–8 × 1.5–2.5 µm (av. = 6 × 2 μm, n = 20), discrete, cylindrical or lageniform, hyaline, formed from the inner layer cells of pycnidium wall. Conidia 9–13 × 1.5–2.5 µm (av. = 11 × 2 μm, n = 50), cylindrical to fusiform, unicellular, solitary, hyaline, smooth, straight, aseptate, thin walled with guttulate content, truncate at the base and becoming a little narrower at apex, one apex with small flabellate apical appendage. Sexual morph: Undetermined. Etymology:— guizhouense, referring to Guizhou Province where the type locality was situated. Additional specimens examined:— CHINA, Guizhou Province, Guiyang City, Guizhou University, N 26°44′, E 106°67′, from rhizosphere soil of potted medicinal plant Perilla frutescens, 29 August 2019, Q.Y. Shao. The dried cultures GZAC H22.028 and H22.029 and their living cultures GZUIFR H22.028 and GZUIFR H22.029 deposited in the Institute of Fungus Resources, Guizhou University, China (GZAC). The living cultures were kept in sterile 30% glycerol and deposited in a -80°C freezer. Geographical distribution:— Guizhou Province, China. Notes:— Phylogenetically, A. guizhouense clustered together with the other eleven known Acrocalymma in a clade with high support value, but formed a separated subclade (Fig. 1). Morphologically, among the known Acrocalymma species, A. Walkeri, A. pterocarpi and A. hongheense were observed to have sexual morph (Trakunyingcharoen et al. 2014, Jayasiri et al. 2019, Mortimer et al. 2021). In this study, three strains (CGMCC 3.208 53, GZUIFR H22.028 and GZUIFR H22.029) isolated from the rhizosphere soil of the potted Perilla frutescens only observed asexual morphs, but no sexual morph. Our strains tally with it being an Acrocalymma species in having globose, semi-immersed, ostiolate pycnidia, cylindrical or lageniform, hyaline conidiogenous cells and hyaline, smooth, guttulate, cylindrical to fusiform conidia (Trakunyingcharoen et al. 2014, Tennakoon et al. 2021). Acrocalymma guizhouense differs from the other species in having the narrowest conidia, with a width ranging from 1.5-2.5 µm. Therefore, morphological and molecular phylogenetic results indicated that these isolates are a new species in the genus Acrocalymma, described here as A. guizhouense., Published as part of Shao, Qiu-Yu, Qi, Ying-Hua, Wang, Jing, Yang, Yan-Ming, Zhang, Zhi-Yuan, Chen, Wan-Hao, Liang, Jian-Dong, Liang, Zong-Qi & Han, Yan-Feng, 2022, Acrocalymma guizhouense sp. nov. (Acrocalymmaceae, Dothideomycetes) from soil in China, pp. 229-236 in Phytotaxa 558 (2) on page 233, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.558.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7003013, {"references":["Trakunyingcharoen, T., Lombard, L., Groenewald, J. Z., Cheewangkoon, R., Toanun, C., Alfenas, A. C. & Crous, P. W. (2014) Mycoparasitic species of Sphaerellopsis, and allied lichenicolous and other genera. IMA Fungus 5: 391 - 414. https: // doi. org / 10.5598 / imafungus. 2014.05.02.05","Jayasiri, S. C., Hyde, K. D., Jones, E. B. G., McKenzie, E., Jeewon, R., Phillips, A. J. L., Bhat, D. J., Wanasinghe, D. N., Liu, J. J., Lu, Y., Kang, J., Xu, J. & Karunarathna, S. C. (2019) Diversity, morphology and molecular phylogeny of Dothideomycetes on decaying wild seed pods and fruits. Mycosphere 10 (1): 1 - 186.","Mortimer, P. E., Jeewon, R., Xu, J. C., Lumyong, S. & Wanasinghe, D. N. (2021) Morpho-phylo taxonomy of novel Dothideomycetous fungi associated with dead woody twigs in Yunnan Province, China. Frontiers in Microbiology 12: 654683. https: // doi. 10.3389 / fmicb. 2021.654683","Tennakoon, D. S., Kuo, C. H., Maharachchikumbura, S. S. N., Thambugala, K. M., Gentekaki, E., Phillips, A. L. J., Bhat, D. J., Wanasinghe, D. N., de Silva, N. I., Promputtha, I. & Hyde, K. D. (2021) Taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to Celtis formosana, Ficus ampelas, F. septica, Macaranga tanarius and Morus australis leaf litter inhabiting microfungi. Fungal Diversity 108: 1 - 215. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 13225 - 021 - 00474 - w"]}

Chrysosporium villiforme Y.F. Han, W.H. Chen, J.D. Liang & Z.Q. Liang, sp. nov. (Fig.10) Mycobank No.: MB 838871 Type: — CHINA. Shanxi Province: Linfen City, Ji county, N36.09°, E110.68°, from soils, August 2017, Y.F. Han, holotype GZAC. L19.4; ex-type culture GZU. L19.4. Colonies on PDA attaining about 40 mm diam. at 26 °C after 7 days, densely villiform in the center, sparsely villiform in the margin, creamy, margin irregular; reverse white to creamy. Hyphae septate, smooth, hyaline, 1.5–3.0 μm thick. Racquet hyphae absent. Conidia hyaline, smooth, abundant, arising from aerial hyphae directly or on short protrusions or side branches, unicellular, solitary or 2–3 in a short chain, ovoid, 4.0–7.5 × 2.0–2.5 μm, or pyriform,4.0– 5.5 × 2.5–3.0 μm, or clavate, 4.5–7.0 × 2.0–2.5 μm, with truncate base, basal scars 0.5–1.5 μm; intercalary conidia ellipsoidal, 2.0–3.0 × 1.0–2.5 μm. Chlamydospores absent. Etymology: —Referring to the villiform texture of colony on PDA media. Additional strains examined: — CHINA. Shanxi Province: Linfen, soil, N36.09°, E 110.68°, August 2017, Y.F. Han, GZAC. L19.5, living culture GZU. L19.5. Known distribution: —Linfen City, Shanxi Province, China.

Chrysosporium sichuanense Y.F. Han, W.H. Chen, J.D. Liang & Z.Q. Liang, sp. nov. (Fig. 9) Mycobank No.: MB 838870 Type: ��� CHINA. Sichuan Province: Bazhong City, N31.15��, E106.21��, from soil, August 2017, Y.F. Han, holotype GZAC. FX8; ex-type culture GZU. FX8. Colonies on PDA attaining about 30 mm diam. at 26 ��C after 7 days, villiform, light raised, white; reverse white. Hyphae septate, smooth, hyaline, 1.5���3.5 ��m thick, sometimes having inflated structure. Racquet hyphae present, 34.0��� 129.0 �� 4.5���7.0 ��m. Conidia hyaline, smooth, abundant, arising from aerial hyphae directly or on short protrusions, unicellular or bicellular, solitary or 2���3 in short chain, clavate, 6.5���8.5 �� 2.0���2.5 ��m, or obovate, 4.0���6.5 �� 2.0���2.5 ��m, or pyriform, 5.0���9.5 �� 2.5���4.5 ��m, with truncate base, basal scars 1.0���2.0 ��m; intercalary conidia ellipsoidal, 4.5���5.5 �� 2.0���4.5 ��m; arthroconidia hyaline, smooth, cylindrical, 4.5���7.5 �� 2.0���2.5 ��m. Chlamydospores absent. Etymology: ���Referring to the region from which the holotype was isolated. Additional strains examined: ��� CHINA. Shanxi Province: Jinzhong, soil, N37.35��, E 112.33��, August 2017, Y.F. Han, GZAC. I17 and GZAC. I18, living cultures GZU. I17 and GZU. I18. Known distribution: ���Bazhong city, Sichuan Province; Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, China., Published as part of Han, Yan-Feng, Ge, Wei, Zhang, Zhi-Yuan, Liang, Jian-Dong, Chen, Wan-Hao, Huang, Jian- Zhong & Liang, Zong-Qi, 2022, Morphological and phylogenetic characterisations reveal nine new species of Chrysosporium (Onygenaceae, Onygenales) in China, pp. 1-16 in Phytotaxa 539 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.539.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6345907

Chrysosporium fusiforme Y.F. Han, W.H. Chen, J.D. Liang & Z.Q. Liang, sp. nov. (Fig. 2) Mycobank No.: MB 838863 Type:— CHINA. Shanxi Province: Jinzhong City, Qixian (N37.37°, E112.28°), from soil, August 2017, Y.F. Han, holotype GZAC.I9; ex-type culture GZU.I9. Colonies on PDA attaining about 35 mm diam. at 26 °C after 7 days, flat, felty, margin villiform, creamy to white from center to margin; reverse creamy to white from center to margin. Hyphae septate, smooth, hyaline, 1.0–2.5 μm. Racquet hyphae absent. Conidia abundant, hyaline, smooth, lateral or terminal, arising from aerial hyphae directly or on short protrusions, unicellular, fusiform, 5.5–10.5 × 2.0–4.0 μm, or ovoid, 3.5–5.0 × 1.0–3.0 μm, with truncate base, basal scars 1.0–1.5 μm; intercalary conidia fusiform, 6.5–9.0 × 2.5–3.0 μm. Chlamydospores absent. Etymology: —Referring to the shape of conidia. Additional strains examined: — CHINA. Shanxi: Linfen, soil, N36.09°, E110.68°, August 2017, Y.F. Han, GZAC.I8 and GZAC.L17.2, their living cultures GZU.I8 and GZU.L17.2. Known distribution: —Jinzhong and Linfen city, Shanxi Province, China.

Chrysosporium jiangsuense Y.F. Han, W.H. Chen, J.D. Liang & Z.Q. Liang, sp. nov. (Fig. 6) Mycobank No.: MB 838867 Type: ��� CHINA. Jiangsu Province: Yangzhou City, N32��24���, E119��26���, from soil, August 2017, Y.F. Han, holotype GZAC. I10; ex-type culture GZU. I10. Colonies on PDA attaining about 40 mm diam. at 26 ��C after 14 days, short densely villiform, margin sparsely villiform, white; reverse white to yellowish. Hyphae septate, smooth, hyaline, 1.0���3.5 ��m thick. Racquet hyphae absent. Conidia hyaline, rough, mostly lateral or terminal, arising from aerial hyphae directly, unicellular, solitary, obovoid, 3.5���6.0 �� 1.5���2.5 ��m, or ellipsoidal, 1.5���3.0 �� 1.5���2.5 ��m, with truncate base, basal scars 0.5���1.0 ��m; intercalary conidia absent. Chlamydospores absent. Etymology: ���Referring to the region from which the fungus was isolated. Known distribution: ���Yangzhou city, Jiangsu Province, China., Published as part of Han, Yan-Feng, Ge, Wei, Zhang, Zhi-Yuan, Liang, Jian-Dong, Chen, Wan-Hao, Huang, Jian- Zhong & Liang, Zong-Qi, 2022, Morphological and phylogenetic characterisations reveal nine new species of Chrysosporium (Onygenaceae, Onygenales) in China, pp. 1-16 in Phytotaxa 539 (1) on page 9, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.539.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6345907

Chrysosporium gansuense Y.F. Han, W.H. Chen, J.D. Liang & Z.Q. Liang, sp. nov. (Fig. 3) Mycobank No.: MB 838864 Type: ��� CHINA. Gansu Province: Jiayuguan City, N39.47��, E98.17��, from soil, August 2017, Y.F. Han, holotype GZAC.C4.1; ex-type culture GZU.C4.1. Colonies on PDA attaining about 40 mm diam. at 26 ��C after 14 days, flat, powdery, margin villiform, creamy to white from center to margin; reverse creamy. Hyphae septate, smooth, hyaline, 0.5���2.0 ��m. Racquet hyphae absent. Conidia abundant, hyaline, rough, lateral or terminal, arising from aerial hyphae directly or on short protrusions, unicellular, pyriform or clavate, 3.5���6.0 �� 1.5���3.5 ��m, or ellipsoidal, 3.5���4.5 �� 2.5���4.0 ��m, with truncate base, basal scars 0.5���1.0 ��m; intercalary conidia ellipsoidal, 3.0���5.0 �� 1.5���2.5 ��m. Chlamydospores absent. Etymology: ���Referring to the region from which the fungus was isolated. Additional strains examined: ��� CHINA. Gansu Province: Jiayuguan, soil, N39.47��, E98.17��, August 2017, J.J. Wang, GZAC.C4.2, living culture GZU.C4.2. Known distribution: ���Jiayuguan city, Gansu Province, China., Published as part of Han, Yan-Feng, Ge, Wei, Zhang, Zhi-Yuan, Liang, Jian-Dong, Chen, Wan-Hao, Huang, Jian- Zhong & Liang, Zong-Qi, 2022, Morphological and phylogenetic characterisations reveal nine new species of Chrysosporium (Onygenaceae, Onygenales) in China, pp. 1-16 in Phytotaxa 539 (1) on pages 5-6, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.539.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6345907

Chrysosporium multiforme Y.F. Han, W.H. Chen, J.D. Liang & Z.Q. Liang, sp. nov. (Fig. 8) Mycobank No.: MB 838869 Type: — CHINA. Gansu Province: Lanzhou City, N36°03′, E103°40′, from soil, August 2017, J.J. Wang, holotype GZAC. U3; ex-type culture GZU. U3. Colonies on PDA attaining about 45–50 mm diam. at 26 °C after 14 days, sparsely villiform, flat, yellowish, with obvious conidial powder; reverse yellowish. Hyphae septate, smooth or rough, hyaline, 2.0–3.0 μm thick. Racquet hyphae absent. Conidia hyaline, smooth, abundant, arising from aerial hyphae directly or on short protrusions, unicellular, solitary, pyriform, 9.5–15.5 × 7.0–8.0 μm, or obovate or ellipsoidal, 8.5–10.0 × 7.5–9.0 μm, with truncate base, basal scars 1.5–3.0 μm; intercalary conidia long oval, solitary or 2–4 in a bunch, 7.5–13.5 × 4.0–8.0 μm, or fusiform, 9.0–24.5 × 5.5–8.0 μm. Chlamydospores absent. Etymology: —Referring to the various shape of conidia. Additional strains examined: — CHINA. Gansu Province: Lanzhou, soil, N36°03′, E103°40′, August 2017, J.J. Wang, GZAC. U302, living culture GZU. U302. Known distribution: —Lanzhou city, Gansu Province, China.

Chrysosporium kaiyangense Y.F. Han, W.H. Chen, J.D. Liang & Z.Q. Liang, sp. nov. (Fig. 7) Mycobank No.: MB 838868 Type: — CHINA. Guizhou Province: Kaiyang City, N27°06′, E107°09′, from soil, August 2017, Yanfeng Han, holotype GZAC. EB0702 M; ex-type culture GZU. EB0702 M. Colonies on PDA attaining about 35 mm diam. at 26 °C after 14 days, raised in the center, felty, white, margin sparsely villiform; reverse yellowish. Hyphae septate, smooth, hyaline, 2.0–3.0 μm thick. Racquet hyphae absent. Terminal and lateral conidia hyaline, smooth, arising from aerial hyphae directly or on short protrusions, 1- or 3- celled, solitary, obovoid, 2.0–3.5 × 1.0–2.5 μm, or cylindrical to clavate, 4.0–10.5 × 2.0–3.0 μm, with truncate base, basal scars 1.5–2.0 μm; intercalary conidia absent. Chlamydospores absent. Etymology: —Referring to the region from which the fungus was isolated. Known distribution: —Kaiyang city, Guizhou Province, China.

Chrysosporium irregularum Y.F. Han, W.H. Chen, J.D. Liang & Z.Q. Liang, sp. nov. (Fig. 5) Mycobank No.: MB 838866 Type: ��� CHINA. Gansu Province: Dunhuang City, Yumenguan, N40��21���, E93��51���, from soil, August 2017, J.J. Wang, holotype GZAC. J1.1; ex-type culture GZU. J1.1. Colonies on PDA attaining about 35 mm diam. at 26 ��C after 14 days, lightly raised in the center, densely villiform, margin sparsely villiform, irregular, yellow; reverse creamy to yellowish. Hyphae septate, smooth, hyaline, 0.5���3.0 ��m. Racquet hyphae absent. Conidia abundant, hyaline, smooth, lateral or terminal, arising from aerial hyphae directly or short protrusions, unicellular or bicellular, solitary or in pairs, cylindrical, 3.5���9.5 �� 1.0���2.5 ��m, or pyriform, 3.5��� 5.0 �� 1.5���3.0 ��m, or irregularly reniform, 3.0���5.0 �� 1.5���3.5 ��m, with truncate base, basal scars 0.5���1.0 ��m; intercalary conidia ellipsoidal, 2.0���15.0 �� 1.0���4.0 ��m. Chlamydospores absent. Etymology: ���Referring to the irregular colony. Additional strains examined: ��� CHINA. Gansu Province: Dunhuang City, Yumenguan, soil, N24��18 ������, E09��45 ������, August 2017, J.J. Wang, GZAC. J102, living culture GZU. J102. Known distribution: ���Yumenguan, Gansu Province, China., Published as part of Han, Yan-Feng, Ge, Wei, Zhang, Zhi-Yuan, Liang, Jian-Dong, Chen, Wan-Hao, Huang, Jian- Zhong & Liang, Zong-Qi, 2022, Morphological and phylogenetic characterisations reveal nine new species of Chrysosporium (Onygenaceae, Onygenales) in China, pp. 1-16 in Phytotaxa 539 (1) on pages 8-9, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.539.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6345907

Key to the Chrysosporium species found in this study: 1. Racquet hyphae present......................................................................................................................................................................2 1. Racquet hyphae absent.......................................................................................................................................................................3 2. Arthroconidia present............................................................................................................................. Chrysosporium sichuanense 2. Arthroconidia absent..........................................................................................................................................................................4 3. Intercalary conidia present.................................................................................................................................................................5 3. Intercalary conidia absent...................................................................................................................................................................6 4. Chlamydospores present............................................................................................................................ Chrysosporium alvearium 4. Chlamydospores absent......................................................................................................................................................................7 5. Intercalary conidia ellipsoidal............................................................................................................................................................8 5. Intercalary conidia fusiform, pyriform or long oval...........................................................................................................................9 6. Conidia smooth.................................................................................................................................................................................10 6. Conidia rough, obovoid, ellipsoidal........................................................................................................ Chrysosporium jiangsuense 7. Intercalary conidia absent........................................................................................................................... Chrysosporium hubeiense 7. Intercalary conidia ellipsoidal................................................................................................................ Chrysosporium guangxiense 8. Conidia rough, pyriform or clavate, ellipsoidal......................................................................................... Chrysosporium gansuense 8. Conidia smooth.................................................................................................................................................................................11 9. Conidia hyaline.................................................................................................................................................................................12 9. Conidia hyaline, pale brown, moderate brown................................................................................... Chrysosporium keratinophilum 10. Lateral or terminal conidia ovoid, 2.0���3.5 �� 1.0���2.5 ��m....................................................................... Chrysosporium kaiyangense 10. Lateral or terminal conidia ovoid, 5���15 �� 2.5���7 ��m.............................................................................. Chrysosporium ovalisporum 11. Lateral or terminal conidia cylindrical, 3.5���9.5 �� 1.0���2.5 ��m................................................................ Chrysosporium irregularum 11. Lateral or terminal conidia ovoid, 4.0���7.5 �� 2.0���2.5 ��m........................................................................... Chrysosporium villiforme 12. Intercalary conidia fusiform, 6.5���9.0 �� 2.5���3.0 ��m.................................................................................... Chrysosporium fusiforme 12. Intercalary conidia long oval, 7.5���13.5 �� 4.0���8.0 ��m............................................................................. Chrysosporium multiforme, Published as part of Han, Yan-Feng, Ge, Wei, Zhang, Zhi-Yuan, Liang, Jian-Dong, Chen, Wan-Hao, Huang, Jian- Zhong & Liang, Zong-Qi, 2022, Morphological and phylogenetic characterisations reveal nine new species of Chrysosporium (Onygenaceae, Onygenales) in China, pp. 1-16 in Phytotaxa 539 (1) on page 14, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.539.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6345907

Arthrographis multiformispora Xin Li, Y.F. Han & Z.Q. Liang, sp. nov. (Fig. 2) Mycobank No.: MB841967 Type: ��� CHINA. Guizhou Province, Guiyang City, the green ground of Qianlingshan Park (N 26��60���, E 106��69���), soil, September 2016, Zhi-Yuan Zhang, dried holotype HMAS 351881, ex-holotype CGMCC 3.20770, ibid., GZUIFR 21.927. Colonies slow-growing on PDA and MEA after 14 days of incubation at 25 ��C; on PDA reaching up 23���25 mm in diameter; white, flat or raised, glabrous toward the periphery, reverse white to buff; On MEA, attaining a diameter of 22���24 mm; pale to white, umbonate at center and flat toward the periphery, powdery, reverse white. Vegetative hyphae septate, hyaline, smooth- and thin-walled, 0.5���2.0 ��m diam. Conidiophores simple or branched, erect, up to 88.0 ��m long, hyaline, smooth-walled. Conidiogenous hyphae simple or branched, erect, 0.5���3.0 ��m wide, forming septa basipetally to form arthroconidia released by schizolythic secession. Arthroconidia unicellular, cylindrical with truncated or cuboid, straight or slightly curved, 0.5���3.0 �� 1.5���5.5 ��m, hyaline. Chlamydospores terminal, unicellular, globose or subglobose, 2.5���4.0 �� 3.5���4.5 ��m. Non- trichosporiella-like synasexual morph in culture. Sexual morph not observed. Etymology: ���Referring to the presence of multiple types of spores. Additional specimens examined: ��� CHINA, Guizhou Province, Guiyang City, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, N 26��59���, E 106��71���, from soil beside a road, September 2016, Zhi-Yuan Zhang GZUIFR 21.928, ibid., GZUIFR 21.929. Known distribution: ���Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, China. Notes: ���Phylogenetically, our four strains (CGMCC 3.20770, GZUIFR 21.927, GZUIFR 21.928, and GZUIFR 21.929) clustered in a single clade with a high support value (BI pp = posterior probability 1, ML BS 99). Morphologically, member of the genus Arthrographis is generally recognized based on their slow growth rate, the presence of 1-celled, cylindrical arthroconidia released schizolytically from dendritic conidiophores (Sigler & Carmichael 1976). A. multiformispora differs from A. curvata, A. grakistii, A. kalrae and A. arxii in that it has no the trichosporiella-like synasexual morph (Giraldo et al. 2014; Hern��ndez-Restrepo et al. 2020). A. multiformispora resembles A. chlamydospora in the presence of chlamydospores, but the conidiophores of the latter mostly repeatedly branched, while A. multiformispora is simple or branched (Giraldo et al. 2014). In conclusion, morphological and molecular phylogenetic results indicated that these new isolates are a new species in the genus Arthrographis, described here as A. multiformispora., Published as part of Li, Xin, Zhang, Zhi-Yuan, Chen, Wan-Hao, Liang, Jian-Dong, Huang, Jian-Zhong, Han, Yan- Feng & Liang, Zong-Qi, 2022, A new species of Arthrographis (Eremomycetaceae, Dothideomycetes), from the soil in Guizhou, China, pp. 175-181 in Phytotaxa 538 (3) on pages 178-179, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.538.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6336751, {"references":["Sigler, L. & Carmichael, J. W. (1976) Taxonomy of Malbranchea and some other Hyphomycetes with arthroconidia. Mycotaxon 4: 349 - 488.","Giraldo, A., Gene, J., Sutton, D. A., Madrid, H., Cano, J., Crous, P. W. & Guarro, J. (2014) Phylogenetic circumscription of Arthrographis (Eremomycetaceae, Dothideomycetes). Persoonia 32: 102 - 114. https: // doi. org / 10.3767 / 003158514 x 680207","Hernandez-Restrepo, M., Giraldo, A., van Doorn, R., Wingfield, M. J., Groenewald, J. Z., Barreto, R. W., Colman, A. A., Mansur, P. S. C. & Crous, P. W. (2020) The genera of Fungi - G 6: Arthrographis, Kramasamuha, Melnikomyces, Thysanorea, and Verruconis. Fungal Systematics and Evolution 6 (1). https: // doi. org / 10.3114 / fuse. 2020.06.01"]}

Chrysosporium jingzhouense Y.W. Zhang, Y.F. Han & Z.Q. Liang sp. nov. (Fig. 2) MycoBank No.: MB 818911, GenBank: KY026599 KY026600 Type: — CHINA. Hubei Province: Jingzhou City, N 30°21′27.37″, E 112°19′58.37″. Holotype GZUIFR-EB1303M was isolated from farmland soil by Y. R.Wang Colonies on PDA attaining 25 mm in 14 days at 26 °C, white, fluffy, round, margin regular; reverse light yellow; hyphae hyaline, smooth, 1.6–4.3 µm; racquet hyphae present, 8.6–15 × 3.2–6.5 µm. Terminal and lateral conidia mostly on short protrusions or on side branches, mostly solitary or forming chains, single-celled, occasionally twocelled, smooth-walled, oblong-ovate to oblong-ellipsoidal, 4.3–16.2 × 3.2–8.6 µm (x̅ = 7.8 ± 1.1 × 5.6 ± 0.2, n = 50), sometimes clavate, 8.6–25.9 × 3.2–10.8 µm, with broad basal scars (0.8–5.4 µm). Intercalary conidia present, solitary, tubby to oblong-clavate, 4.3–32.4 × 2.2–7.6 µm (x̅ = 15.8 ± 1.1 × 4.8 ± 0.2, n = 50). Chlamydospores absent. Etymology: —jingzhouense, referring to Jingzhou City in Hubei Province where the type locality is situated. Material examined: — The ex-type EB1303M and ex-isotype EB1301M were isolated from farmland soil in Jingzhou City, Hubei Province in March 2012 by Y. R. Wang. Samples were deposited in the Institute of Fungus Resource, Guizhou University (GZAC). Distribution: — Hubei Province, China., Published as part of Zhang, Yan-Wei, Zeng, Gui-Ping, Zou, Xiao, Han, Yan-Feng, Liang, Zong-Qi & Qiu, Shu-Yi, 2017, Two new keratinophilic fungal species, pp. 173-180 in Phytotaxa 303 (2) on pages 175-176, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.303.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4779953

Chrysosporium clavisporum Y.W. Zhang, Y.F. Han & Z.Q. Liang sp. nov. (Fig. 3) MycoBank No.: MB 818912, GenBank: KY026601 KY026602 Type: — CHINA. Guangxi Province: Guigang City, N 23°18′54.75″, E 109°48′17.78″. Holotype GZUIFR-G80.1 was isolated from the plant root soil by Y. Luo. Colonies on PDA attaining 53 mm in 14 days at 26 °C, white, sparsely fluffy, dense in center and margin loop, round, margin irregular, with deep fissures; reverse red brown in center and light yellow in margin; hyphae hyaline, smooth, 1.5–3.5 µm; racquet hyphae present, 7.5–15 × 5–7.5 µm. Terminal and lateral conidia mostly on short protrusions or on side branches, smooth-walled, mostly solitary, single-celled, clavate to long-ellipsoidal, 5–10 × 2.5–5 µm (x̅ = 7.5 ± 1.1 × 3.6 ± 0.1, n = 50); with broad basal scars (2.5–5 µm) and sometimes lightly inflated collar-shaped structures between conidiogenous cells and conidia. Intercalary conidia and chlamydospores absent. Etymology: —clavisporum, referring to the shape of conidia. Material examined: —The ex-type G80.1 and ex-isotype G80.2 were isolated from the tree root soil in Macao River, Guigang City, Guangxi Province on April, 2014 by Y. Luo. Samples were deposited in the Institute of Fungus Resource, Guizhou University (GZAC). Distribution: — Guangxi Province, China., Published as part of Zhang, Yan-Wei, Zeng, Gui-Ping, Zou, Xiao, Han, Yan-Feng, Liang, Zong-Qi & Qiu, Shu-Yi, 2017, Two new keratinophilic fungal species, pp. 173-180 in Phytotaxa 303 (2) on page 177, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.303.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4779953

Chrysosporium hubeiense Y.W. Zhang, Y.F. Han & Z.Q. Liang sp. nov. (Fig.3) GenBank: KJ849227 MycoBank: MB 814992 Type: — CHINA. Hubei Province: Songzi, N 30°10′22.11″, E111°46′13.49″. Holotype EM66601 was isolated from the soil under the feather collected in Guizhou Province by Y. R. Wang. Colonies on Czapek agar, attaining 35–39 mm in 14 d at 25 °C, white, powdery, irregular at the margin. Colonies on PDA attaining 65–67 mm, gray white to white, flat, powdery, dense in the middle, sparse villiform near the margin. Reverse yellowish. Hyphae hyaline, septate, smooth, 1.1–2.2 μm wide. Racquet hyphae present, 5.4–7.6 × 2.2–3.2 µm. Terminal and lateral conidia on long or short protrusions perpendicular to hyphae, solitary, hyaline, smooth, obovate to ellipsoidal, 2.2–4.3 × 1.6–3.2 µm (x = 3.1 × 2.0, n= 60); basal scars 2.2–3.2 µm wide. Intercalary conidia and chlamydospores absent. Etymology: —Refers to the region from which the fungus was isolated. Distribution: — Hubei Province, China. Material examined: — Dried culture EM66601 (holotype) and its isolate GZUIFR–EM66601 have been deposited at the Institute of Fungal Resource, Guizhou University (GZAC)., Published as part of Zhang, Yan-Wei, Chen, Wan-Hao, Zeng, Gui-Ping, Wang, Yu-Rong, Zou, Xiao, Han, Yan-Feng, Qiu, Shu-Yi & Liang, Zong-Qi, 2016, Two new Chrysosporium (Onygenaceae, Onygenales) from China, pp. 210-216 in Phytotaxa 270 (3) on pages 213-214, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.270.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/4784390