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Objective: There is an urgent need to substantiate scientifically the roles of contemporary and native medicinal practices. This exercise will open up a new class of drugs which could be cheap, easily affordable, and with less or no side effects. Moringa oleifera or drumstick is known to a wonder herbal plant and most of its parts are used to cure various ailments. The present study deals with the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of M. oleifera seeds and to understand the molecules present therein. Methods: GC-MS was performed on the water extract of the dried seeds of the plant by standard procedures. Results: Some important biomolecules such as 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone, p-cresol, l-Norvaline, N-ethoxycarbonyl-, nonyl ester, Pentanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, ethyl ester, 1H-1,2,4-Triazole-1-carboxamide, 5-acetylamino- 3-amino-, Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzyl sulfone, beta-l-Arabinopyranoside, methyl, tetradecanoic acid, 10,13-dimethyl-, methyl ester, cyclohexane, 1-isopropyl-1-methyl-, decanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-Methylthiolane, S,S-dioxide, 4-Methyl-2,4- bis(4'-trimethylsilyloxyphenyl)pentene-, 2,4(1H, 3H)-Pyrimidinedione, 6-iodo-5-methyl-, 2-Fluoro-6-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid, and 4-nitrophenyl ester have medicinal roles comparable with the various medicinal activities of Moringa seed water extract. Conclusion: It is concluded that the Moringa seed is a potential candidate for drug designing for many diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Verification of the herbal plants by latest scientific tools toward understanding the molecular mechanism underlying their medicinal role is the need of the hour. Methods: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry study of water extracts of the leaves of one herbal plant, Aristolochia indica was undertaken by standard procedures and its medicinal activity was verified with the biomolecules present in it. Results: The presence of some important biomolecules such as 2-propenoic acid, ethenyl ester, oxalic acid, cyclobutyl ethyl ester, phosphoric acid, 2-chloroethenyl dimethyl ester, pentanoic acid, 2-methylcyclohexyl ester, cis-, butylphosphonic acid, butyl cyclohexylmethyl ester, octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester, acetic acid, cesium salt and 2-Fluoro-6-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid, 4-nitrophenyl ester, and some others indicate represents the medicinal roles of this plant as is reported ethnopharmacologically. Conclusions: The results and discussion above clearly indicate that the various molecules present in A. indica leaf extracts do have medicinal roles ascribed to it and further work in this regard is on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The present work deals with the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of Ksheerabala Thailam which is an Ayurvedic oil used for the treatment of Vata disorders such as neuromuscular pains, sciatica, spondylitis, paralysis, myalgia, for nerve regeneration, cataract, earache, and headache. Materials and Methods: Ksheerabala Thailam was bought from a standard Ayurvedic vendor at Chennai and subjected to GC–MS analysis by standard procedures. The medicinal roles of the biomolecules indicated in the GC–MS profile were screened for their various medicinal roles using Dr. Duke’s phytochemical and ethnobotanical data and other data. Results: GC–MS profile of the Ksheerabala Thailam indicated the presence of important biomolecules such as n-Hexadecanoic acid, 15-Hydroxypentadecanoic acid, Hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester, (3-Fluorophenyl)carbamic acid, 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenyl ester, Hexadecanoic acid, 1-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2-ethanediyl ester, Hexadecanoic acid, 2-(octadecyloxy)ethyl ester,. gamma.-Tocopherol, and gamma.-Sitosterol; these molecules do have medicinal roles which relate to that of Ksheerabala Thailam. Conclusions: It is concluded that Ksheerabala Thailam, which is an important Ayurvedic medicine, does contain some very important molecules showing its efficacy. Further research is required for a better understanding of the medicinal roles of Ksheerabala Thailam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The present study deals with the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of an anti-obesity Ayurvedic medicine, Lohasava. Methods: Lohasava was bought from a standard Ayurvedic vendor at Chennai and subjected to GC–MS analysis by standard procedures. The medicinal roles of the biomolecules indicated in the GC–MS profile were screened for their various medicinal roles using Dr. Duke’s phytochemical and ethno-botanical data and other data. Results: The GC–MS profile of Lohasava indicated the presence of important biomolecules such as butanoic acid, 3-hydroxy-, ethyl ester, phenylethyl alcohol, ethyl hydrogen succinate, thymol, 4-hydroxy-2-methylacetophenone, hydrocinnamic acid, 2,6-dimethoxyphenyl-beta-phenylpropionate, bisphenol C, benzeneethanamine, 2,5-dimethoxy-alpha.,4-dimethyl-and piperine. Conclusions: It is concluded that Lohasava does have a scientific efficacy toward its claimed role as a medicine in Ayurveda. Further research is required for a better understanding of the medicinal roles of Lohasava. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The present work deals with the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of Kutajarishtam which is used in the treatment of diarrhea, dysentery, irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn’s disease, hemorrhoids, etc. Materials and Methods: Kutajarishtam was bought from a standard Ayurvedic vendor at Chennai and subjected to GC-MS analysis by standard procedures. The medicinal roles of the biomolecules indicated in the GC-MS profile were screened for their various medicinal roles using Dr. Duke’s Phytochemical and ethnobotanical data and other data. Results: GC-MS profile of Kutajarishtam indicated the presence of important biomolecules such aso-Acetyl-L-serine, 4H-Pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-, 2-Furanethanol., beta.-ethoxy-, Acetic acid, 1-(2-hydroxy-1-methyl-ethyl)-3-methoxymethoxy-2-methyl-propyl ester and Cyclohexan-1,4,5-triol-3-one-1-carboxylic acid which have medicinal roles which correlated well with that of Kutajarishtam. Conclusions: It is concluded that Kutajarishtam, which is an important Ayurvedic medicine, contains some very important molecules showing its efficacy. Further research is required for a better understanding of the medicinal roles of this medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Anuthailam, an Ayurvedic oil used for the treatment of diseases related to the brain, nose, sinus, eyes, head, neck, shoulders, and arms. Anuthailam is subjected to Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis to understand the molecules present therein. Materials and Methods: Anuthailam was bought from a standard Ayurvedic vendor at Chennai and subjected to GC-MS analysis by the standard procedures. The medicinal roles of the biomolecules indicated in the GC-MS profile were screened for their various medicinal roles using Dr. Duke’s Phytochemical and ethno-botanical data and other data. Results: GC-MS profile of the Anuthailam indicated the presence of important biomolecules such as 15-Hydroxypentadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester, trans-13-Octadecenoic acid, 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester, 1-Heptatriacotanol., gamma.-Tocopherol, (3-Fluorophenyl)carbamic acid, 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenyl ester, Stigmasterol, Hexadecanoic acid, 1-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2-ethanediyl ester, etc. Conclusions: It is concluded that Anuthailam, does have a scientific efficacy toward its claimed role as a medicine in Ayurveda. Further research is required for a better understanding of the medicinal roles of Anuthailam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The scientific validation of ethnopharmacologically important herbal plants by latest techniques is necessary to understand their medicinal efficacy. Methods: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry study of one herbal plant, Dodonaea viscosa var. angustifolia was undertaken by standard procedures and its medicinal activity was verified with the biomolecules present in it. Results: The presence of some important biomolecules such as catechol, N-benzyl-2-phenethylamine, acetic acid, 4-oxocyclohexyl ester, 4-amino-3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole, 1,1'-methylene-bis(di-2-propenylamine), inositol, alanine, N-methyl-N-methoxycarbonyl-, hexyl ester, 1,3-dioxolane, 2-methyl-2-pentyl-, cyclohexane, 1-methyl-3-(1-methylethenyl)-, cis-, phthalic acid, di(2,3-dimethylphenyl) ester, heptafluorobutyric acid, 2-naphthyl ester, and 2-fluoro-6- trifluoromethylbenzoic acid, 4-nitrophenyl ester has biochemical properties which represent the ethnomedicinal roles of this plant. Conclusions: The presence of these biomolecules having medicinal properties supports the validity of the medicinal roles of D. viscosa var. angustifolia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Scientific efficacy evaluation of herbal plants for their medicinal roles is needed to establish their importance in medical science. The present study deals with the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of one medicinal plant, Stachytarpheta indica. Methods: The GC-MS study of water extracts of the leaves of one herbal plant, S. indica was undertaken by standard procedures and its medicinal activity was verified with the biomolecules present in it. Results: The presence of some important biomolecules such as sulfurous acid, 2-ethylhexyl hexyl ester, and pentanoic acid has medicinal roles such as acidifier, arachidonic acid inhibitor, and increase aromatic amino acid decarboxylase activity. N-t-Butylpyrrole, 1-hexanol, 4-methyl-, 3-methyl-2-(2-oxopropyl)furan, butanoic acid, 3-methyl-, 3,7-dimethyl-6-octenyl ester, hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, 11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid, methyl ester, 2-methylheptanoic acid and 2-propenoic acid, 3-(dimethylamino)-, methyl ester, etc., have very important medicinal roles which correlate well with the medicinal role of the plant. Conclusions: The results and discussion above clearly indicate that the various molecules present in S. indica leaf extracts do have medicinal roles ascribed to it and further work in this regard is on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The present study deals with the preliminary phytochemical and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of different leaf extracts of one medicinal Carissa carandas. Materials and Methods: The phytochemical and GC- MS study of one medicinal plant, C. carandas was done as per standard protocols to correlate its medicinal activity with the biomolecules present in it. Results: The methanol extract of C. carandas indicated the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids, whereas flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and steroids were present in hexane fraction. Alkaloids, saponins, proteins, and triterpenoids were present in aqueous extract. The GC-MS analysis of hexane and aqueous leaf extracts indicated the presence of some important biomolecules such as pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, methyl ester, 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, (Z, Z, Z)-, Phytol, Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, Squalene, Octasiloxane, 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7,9,9,11,11,13,13,15,15- hexadecamethyl, beta.-Sitosterol, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, 2-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]-1-[[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]methyl] ethyl ester, (Z, Z, Z)-Acetamide, N-methyl-N-[4-(3-hydroxypyrrolidinyl)-2-butynyl]-, 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid, methyl ester, (all-Z)-, and 6-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, (Z). Conclusions: The presence of these molecules augurs well with the medicinal properties attributed to this plant ethnobotanical. Further work is in progress toward understanding this plant's role as a medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]