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International audience; Cryogenic cameras are an innovative alternative in the design of miniaturized infrared cameras using cryogenic detectors. In this presentation, we will apply this technology to design a snapshot multispectral camera for gas leak detection. A UAV compatible demonstrator in a commercial Detector Dewar Cooler Assembly (DDCA), called SIMAGAZ, has been made and tested in the TOTAL Anomaly Detection Initiatives (TADI) platform and the Esperse site of ONERA. The TADI infrastructure manages monitored gas leaks at flowrates from 0.1 g/s to 300 g/s and hosts remote sensors to test them in three scenarios: crisis-management, safety monitoring, and environmental monitoring. In Esperse site, first UAV flights with SIMAGAZ were performed. We demonstrate the ability to detect and quantify in real time the origin of methane gas leak, the flowrate and the volume of the plume with SIMAGAZ on ground or from a UAV. The core camera weights around 1kg, for around 1L footprint and a power consumption of 10W at the cooling steady state. Results from TADI and Esperse campaigns will be presented.

Gas leaks are a major issue for Oil & Gas companies, either for environment or safety purposes. Remote sensing technologies can be applied for a wide range of gas leak flowrates and in three main cases: major leaks in crisis management; medium size leaks in safety monitoring; small leaks in environmental monitoring. In 2019, TOTAL completed a five-year Research & Development collaborative project NAOMI (New Advanced Observation Method Integration) with ONERA, The French Aerospace Lab, to develop technologies for remote detection, identification, visualization and quantification of gas leaks with applications relating to safety and environmental protection. TOTAL organized several gas test campaigns on Lacq Pilot Platform in France, called TADI (Total Anomaly Detection Initiatives) to evaluate and select relevant technologies.

We report on a direct detection differential absorption lidar (DIAL), designed for remote detection of CH4 and CO2. The system is based on a single-frequency optical parametric oscillator/amplifier system, tunable in the 1.57-1.65 µm range. The DIAL system, called NAOMI GAZL, was tested on a controlled gas release facility in October 2018.

Remote sensing technologies can be applied for a wide range of gas leak flowrates and in three main cases: (1) major leaks in crisis management; (2) medium size leaks in safety monitoring; (3) small leaks in environmental monitoring.A gas test campaign, conducted by Total, the ONERA – the French Aerospace Lab – and ADCIS in September 2015 using three hyperspectral infrared cameras from Telops, confirmed our capacity to visualize in 3D and quantify in real time plumes of methane in the range of 1 g/s to 50g/s. The R&D project on gas remote quantification continued with a second gas test campaign in 2017.The second gas test campaign was organized on Total's Lacq Pilot Platform in France and involved several gas spectral imaging systems: (1) mobile hyperspectral cameras in the Long-Wavelength InfraRed (LWIR) band (7.7-12μm); (2) a multispectral camera in the LWIR band (7-9μm); (3) a multigas lidar (LIght Detection And Ranging) system coupled with a wind lidar system; (4) five other international teams (US, Spain, Norway and France) were also invited to assess the capacity of their remote-sensing systems to quantify methane and carbon dioxide releases.The two-week test demonstrated that methane leak emissions ranging from 0.7 g/s to 140 g/s could be visualized and quantified in real time using a mobile Telops Hyper-Cam. This campaign also served to validate the performance of several remote sensing technologies.Total's Lacq Pilot Platform is a test area for qualifying cost-effective systems designed to complement the gas detection system of a plant and provide valuable information should a gas leak incident occur. New methodologies for the early detection of anomalies using remote observation systems including drones, robots and artificial intelligence data processing systems are currently being investigated there.

Hydrocarbon leaks in oil and gas installations present Health, Safety and Environmental risks. History of crisis management in oil and gas upstream has shown the value of efficient and accurate tools for quantifying the gas-leak rate and determining the perimeter of the hazardous areas. In this context, Total initiated a multi-year R&D collaborative project designed to develop remote sensing technologies and architectures for remote detection, identification, quantification and visualization of gas leaks in the event of a crisis. Total, the ONERA – The French Aerospace Lab – and ADCIS have developed a set of algorithms and software to measure, compute and visualize a methane plume using infrared optical imagers. Results are obtained in 3D and in real time. The following steps are involved: (1) Spectral images in the Long-Wavelength InfraRed (LWIR) region are captured by three hyper-spectral cameras located around a methane release point; (2) Concentrations of methane are measured linearly in ppm.m by comparing spectral images of the scene in the presence of gas and reference images acquired before the release; (3) An algorithm, drawing on tomography techniques, computes concentrations of methane in ppm from the linear concentrations; (4) Mass balance type equations finally help estimate the methane flowrates based on the set of concentrations and local wind data information. A one-week test campaign was organized in September 2015 and consisted of performing twenty-six methane gas releases of 1 g/s to 50 g/s. Three Telops Hyper-Cam cameras were connected as part of a network to a main server which ran the tomography and flowrate estimation code. The real-time remote detection and quantification worked fully. During the campaign, good accuracy was obtained at the low flowrates of 1 g/s and 10 g/s of methane. At the higher flowrate of 50 g/s, quantifications were underestimated due to an oversaturation phenomenon. Further works, the aim of which is to adapt the instrument sensing ranges to the maximum concentrations encountered, should help improve the accuracy of these quantifications. The innovation lies in the fact that a 3D visualization of the methane plume can be computed and created in real time and that flowrates and concentrations can be quantified, also in real time. This technology could be applied in environmental monitoring and crisis management.