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Purified fractions of the rabbit gastric mucosa and liver mitochondria were isolated. Electrone microscopy and functional studies of mitochondria showed the most intact mitochondria of gastric mucosa to be localized in gradient fractions of p=1.16-1.18, and those of the liver in fractions with p=1.19-1.20. The gastric mitochondria differed from the liver mitochondria by specific localization in oxyntic cells, abundance of crists, small matrix volume, presence of high respiratory control at lesser values of pH, high respiratory activity, great amount of cytochromes of electron transport chain in inner mitochondria membrane, two-fold excess of cytochroma a in relation to b and c, absence of b5 and by presence of great amount of phosphathydilaethanolamine and unsaturated fatty acids.

The effect of the thiamine deficiency on the H+ secretion in an isolated gastric mucosa and also on the functional properties of the mitochondria was investigated. The thiamine deficiency was called forth through introduction of oxythiamine or by exclusion of thiamine from the ration. It is shown that the thiamine deficiency in an isolated gastric mucosa of the frog produced inhibition of the H+ secretion and in the gastric mitochondria of rats--a higher activity of succinate-dehydrogenase and a diminution of the exogenous cytochrome oxidation rate.

A new method of hydrochloric acid secretion recording on two symmetrical parts of the same isolated gastric mucosa is described. A two-channel system which had a number of important advantages over a single-channel system was used. The advantage of this method lay in a possibility of a more exact differentiation of the influence of different substances on the rate of H+ secretion and in a considerable decrease in the number of animals required for the experiments. The apparatus scheme for a two-channel recording of H+ secretion, and design of the four-chamber cuvette are described.