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The article presents a cross-national study that examines the role of gender in judicial decision making in the U.S., Canada and Great Britain. It mentions that socialization of female lawyers with female judges within the respective judicial systems might affect the case outcome. The study examined appellate court decisions in each country from 1980 to 2000.

Scholars have noted an absence of attention to class issues in the migration literature, and a widespread tendency to homogenize transmigrant “communities”, without respect for the class, gender, ethnic and political cleavages (Gardiner Barber 2008) that ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While little data exists in Canada on the effects of race, ethnicity and gender on court processes, Canadian courts have recently shown an interest in facilitating more in depth empirical research. Specifically, the Federal Court of Canada has provided access to case files to facilitate the examination of race, ethnicity and gender on Federal Court outcomes, specifically related to appeals by litigants who have lost at the Immigration Refugee Board. According to data supplied by the Federal Court, between 10-15 percent of appeals are certified by the Court for a hearing. Through in depth case file review and analysis of 500 cases launched in 2003, the effects of race, ethnicity and gender will be compiled and presented. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Systematic comparison of news coverage of men and women candidates across democratic systems allows for comparison of how the news media influence the election of women to political office, and how political institutions and context may influence gender differences in newspaper coverage of election candidates. We compare newspaper coverage of male and female candidates in the most recent national elections in Australia, Canada, and the United States. We find gender differences in the amount and type of coverage of contemporary campaigns, and these differences take different forms under different political contexts. This research represents the initial piece of a larger project in which we will examine patterns in coverage across a larger set of post-industrial democracies, over a series of elections. In this way, our initial findings remain tentative, and our final conclusions will be based on a larger body of evidence. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Men are often portrayed in various types of media with more facial prominence than women (?face-ism?). We found that face-ism also exists in online presentations of politicians in the United States, Canada, Australia, and Norway. ..PAT.-Conference Proceeding [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]