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Objective: Breast cancer (BC) is a malignant tumor which threat to women's physical and mental health. However, the mechanism of metabolism alteration in BC remains unclear. This study is intended to figure out the relationship between the alternation of metabolism and the progression of BC. Methods: In this study, metabolites of plasma in 60 BC patients and 40 healthy volunteers were detected using liquid chromatography mass spectrometer (LC‐MS). Transcriptomic data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database was performed to enrich the pathways. Results: A total of 97 metabolites have been identified and measured, of which 17 compounds exhibited the differential expression between tumor group and control group (p < 0.05; FDR < 0.05). Metabolites set enrichment analysis (MSEA) displayed that there were 12 significantly enriched pathways in all. Through the KEGG database, 382 genes were found closely correlated with the altered metabolic pathways. TCGA and GEO transcriptomic profiling revealed that 5,018 genes significantly changed between tumor group and control group. Integrating these genes with the transcriptomic data from the corresponding KEGG data set, we identified most of the differential expressed genes were related to purine metabolism. A total of 28 different expression genes were hub genes, wherein AMPD1 and RRM2 were significantly effective in the prediction of survival of BC patients, with 0.04 and 0.02, respectively. Conclusions: Combining with the transcriptomic and metabolomics data, we found that the dysregulation of purine metabolism pathway might affect the progression of BC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The underlying mechanisms of macrophage polarization have been detected by genome-wide transcriptome analysis in a variety of mammals. However, the transcriptome profile of rat genes in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM) at different activation statuses has not been reported. Therefore, we performed RNA-Sequencing to identify gene expression signatures of rat BMM polarized in vitro with different stimuli. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among unactivated (M0), classically activated pro-inflammatory (M1), and alternatively activated anti-inflammatory macrophages (M2) were analyzed by using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis. In this study, not only we have identified the changes of global gene expression in rat M0, M1 and M2, but we have also made clear systematically the key genes and signaling pathways in the differentiation process of M0 to M1 and M2. These will provide a foundation for future researches of macrophage polarization. • The transcriptome profile of rat genes in bone marrow-derived macrophages at different activation statuses is investigated. • The global gene expression in rat M0, M1 and M2 has been described. • The key genes and signaling pathways in the differentiation process of M0 to M1 and M2 have been systematically determined. • Our results will provide a basis for future researches of macrophage polarization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]